等离子体干扰巡航导弹研究

等离子体干扰技术作为一种全新的概念,日益受到人们的关注。根据GPS系统制导巡航导弹的特点和等离子体对电磁波传输的影响,探索了一种等离子体抗巡航导弹(GPS制导)新途径。对干扰所需最小等离子体自由电子数密度进行了估算,分析了该途径干扰对抗巡航导弹的可行性,为防御巡航导弹提供了理论依据及数据参考。     

防空导弹光电对抗环境典型威胁仿真模型研究

为了研究光电对抗环境对防空导弹系统作战能力的影响,从作战对抗角度出发,分析了光电对抗环境主要威胁因素干扰原理,建立了红外诱饵干扰、激光干扰、烟幕干扰等典型威胁因素的威胁模型,所建模型可以直接用于防空导弹光电对抗仿真.     

用于机动式C3I系统的综合光电对抗系统研究

为了提高机动式C3I系统在现代化战争中的综合防护能力,应为系统增加光电对抗手段.设计了一种可用于机动式C3I系统的综合光电对抗系统,包括对光电告警设备的选择、数据融合、实施干扰的决策、效果评估,以及光电对抗干扰等具体技术实施.该系统的技术设计是对单体光电对抗设备的融合,可达到有效保护机动式C3I系统的目的.     

战区导弹防御系统(TMD)对抗技术浅析

探讨了战区导弹防御系统(TMD)对抗技术的初步设想与实现方法,重点对TMD系统激光对抗技术和TMD系统红外对抗技术进行了可行性分析论证,介绍了一些具体的光电对抗措施。     

光电电子进攻运用方式与需求

光电对抗的基本内容包括光电对抗侦察、光电干扰和光电电子防御三个基本内容[1]。但随着高能激光武器的逐步走向成熟,反激光的反辐射武器的试验论证,光电干扰已经不能涵盖全部进攻性光电对抗行动。参照美军的电子攻击(EA)定义[2],可将进攻性光电对抗表述为光电电子进攻,指利用辐射、散射、吸收光波能量,改变目标的光学特性和使用定向能以及相关的硬摧毁手段,以削弱或破坏敌方光电设备使用效能的攻击行动,主要包括光电干扰、高能激光攻击、反激光辐射攻击和电磁脉冲毁伤等(见图1)。下面按照目前的技术水平和作战(包括演习)实践,兼顾技术的可…     

烟幕对光电对抗装备的遮蔽、干扰原理研究

主要概述了光电对抗技术在现代战争中的作用与发展;并分析了烟幕在光电对抗技术中的作用及烟幕遮蔽、干扰光电设备的原理。结合发烟剂和测试方法情况,讨论了发烟剂所成烟幕如何应用到光电对抗战争中,使其从防御性手段发展为进攻性武器。     

复杂电磁环境威胁模型研究

为了研究复杂电磁环境对防空导弹系统作战能力的影响,分析了电子对抗环境、光电对抗环境、反辐射导弹威胁环境的主要威胁因素,建立了远距离支援干扰、分布式干扰、红外诱饵干扰、激光干扰、烟幕干扰以及反辐射导弹攻击等主要威胁因素的威胁仿真模型,并对分布式干扰和激光干扰模型进行了仿真分析.仿真结果证明复杂电磁环境威胁因素对防空导弹作战能力产生严重影响,对防空导弹作战指挥和采取抗干扰措施具有很高的理论意义和指导价值.     

“猫眼效应”激光主动探测技术影响因素分析

基于"猫眼效应"激光主动探测技术,是对无人机光电侦察系统实施强激光干扰较为有效的一种干扰手段。根据激光照射"猫眼"目标的回返特性,建立了不同情况下回波强度模型,对典型目标在不同目标反射率、不同激光发射功率、不同激光发散角情况下进行仿真分析。结果表明,仿真结果与理论计算相一致,因此可用于指导未来基于激光主动探测技术的强激光干扰系统设计。     

激光威胁下电视导引头优先跟踪方式研究

为提升激光威胁下电视制导武器的突防能力和杀伤概率,对导引头的跟踪方式进行研究。以某电视导引头模拟器为实验对象,通过模拟打击可见光合作目标,对比分析导引头在不同功率激光信号干扰下质心跟踪、相关跟踪对跟踪状态的影响,并基于激光的干扰效果给出导引头的优先跟踪方式。研究成果对提升部队光电及光电对抗训练水平、作战能力具有积极的指导作用。     

防空体系中的光电对抗应用技术诠释

随着制导技术的迅速发展,各种精确制导武器,如激光制导武器、红外成像导弹、巡航导弹和反辐射导弹等广泛装备部队,并在历次现代局部战争中显示出强大的威力。面对精确制导武器日趋严重的威胁,为了有效对抗光电制导武器、光电引信以及载机的光电设备,在防空体系中大力发展光电对抗技术是现代高技术战场的迫切需求。防空体系中可采用的光电对抗技术主要包括     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.