基于存储测试技术的弹底压力测试技术

提出了基于存储测试技术的弹底压力测试方法,采用微型化技术、微功耗技术、抗高过载技术设计了弹底压力测试仪,该仪器可随弹丸保温,能承受火炮发射时膛内高温高压高冲击、侵彻高过载等恶劣环境,具有精度高、可靠性高、操作简单等优点。对压电式压力传感器的加速度效应进行了理论分析,提出了试验修正方法。实弹测试中同时获得了弹底压力曲线和膛底压力曲线,为研究二者之间的关系提供了数据依据。实测结果表明:所提出的弹底压力测试方法可行,测试数据为身管武器设计、弹丸和引信设计提供了重要依据。     

引信在膛内的加速度响应分析

研究引信在膛内的受力情况,经典的分析方法是将弹丸和引信看成一个刚体,但随着对膛内问题的深入研究,发现这种方法和实测值出入很大.为更好地计算膛内引信的受力,本文在实测的基础上建立了弹丸引信系统在膛内冲击振动的力学模型,提出利用振动理论计算引信零件膛内加速度响应的方法,并对两种不同类型的弹丸引信系统进行计算比较,计算结果和实测值很接近,并发现此方法在簿壁弹上应用优越性更为突出.     

低转速条件下的弹丸飞行稳定性分析

为了解决制导炮弹引信试验成本高、研制进度慢、试验条件复杂等问题,以制式榴弹为原型设计了模拟试验弹,用于模拟引信的发射环境。由于试验弹转速较低,在不采用尾翼的条件下,出炮口距离200~300 m内,弹丸是否飞行稳定,是一个需要重点考虑的问题。飞行中的弹丸,由于阻力方向与质心运动方向不一致,导致合力不一定通过质心,迫使弹体在空中翻转,所以弹体的旋转速度和气动外形设计是弹体飞行稳定的必要条件。通过对弹丸在一定距离内的飞行稳定性数值计算,用数值计算结果进行稳定性仿真分析,进而说明数值仿真计算对弹丸气动外形设计可以提供有效参考。     

面向惯性装填的输弹运动研究

为实现不同装填角度下弹丸的卡膛速度一致性和降低输弹运动的峰值功率,以提高输弹一致性和减轻动力系统负荷,根据惯性装填工作原理,运用非对称式S型速度规划方法调整输弹运动状态,并基于虚拟样机仿真建立了参数化的输弹运动模型。以弹丸的卡膛参数为约束,面向惯性装填建立输弹运动优化模型,以实现不同装填角度下弹丸的卡膛速度一致性及降低输弹峰值功率。采用多岛遗传算法和修正可行方向法组合优化策略求解优化模型,优化结果表明：优化后的输弹运动可实现不同装填角度下弹丸的卡膛速度一致性,且输弹运动峰值功率降低了14.9%,验证了该方法的有效性。     

火炮水弹试射内弹道学分析计算

根据水弹试射原理及水弹试射实践经验,应用火炮内弹道学理论,建立火炮水弹试射内弹道学模型,分析水弹试射的影响因素,并以某炮水弹试射为例进行仿真计算和膛压测试,计算结果与试验结果基本相符,为新型火炮水弹试射的参数获取提供理论依据.     

电磁发射弹丸飞行弹道仿真

针对电磁发射弹丸飞行弹道进行仿真研究，在建立刚体六自由度飞行弹道模型的基础上，采用时频分析和涡流分析方法，建立电磁-动力学耦合模型分析弹丸出膛时由于膛内振动带来的炮口扰动，采用动网格技术建立电磁-气动耦合模型分析弹托分离产生的气动扰动，从而得到了电磁发射弹丸的飞行弹道模型。以得克萨斯大学先进技术研究所设计的IAT-HVP为例，仿真分析了弹丸以1117 m/s初速、0°射角出膛时弹丸出口扰动对弹体速度和气动特性的影响，并得到其飞行200 m的弹道曲线。仿真结果表明，受电磁发射一体化弹丸出口扰动的影响，弹体落点相比理想弹道产生了24%的偏差，其中炮口扰动引起的偏差最大，其次是弹托分离。     

旋转稳定塑料弹体工程设计计算研究

本文以实验结果为依据,首先分析了塑料弹体影响弹丸膛内运动的物理性能,然后结合旋转弹丸的膛内运动特征,经过模拟试验,采用数学拟合法,初步建立旋转稳定弹塑料弹体工程设计计算的数学模型(包括结构尺寸设计计算、强度计算和内弹道计算)。     

弹载“黑匣子”设计方法

基于飞机"黑匣子"理念,充分利用导弹弹上数字总线和接口资源,通过对信号采集与存储、设备回收、数据存贮、电源管理等关键技术研究,提出了弹载"黑匣子"总体方案及主要功能单元设计方法,并进行了抗冲击环境分析。通过弹载"黑匣子"可获取导弹飞行过程关键数据,解决了列装导弹飞行试验中因缺乏遥测数据带来的排故困难,也为导弹飞行试验数据录取提供了新的技术途径。     

连射身管温度场及弹丸扰动分析

以小口径自动步枪枪弹和身管为研究对象.建立身管温度场有限元模型,在传热学的基础上结合内弹道计算结果分析身管传热,得到连射情况下的身管温度场,并以此为边界建立连发射击身管-弹丸热力耦合有限元模型,加载内弹道膛压曲线,采用有限元显示动力学分析弹丸膛内变形以及运动特性.研究结果表明:温度升高引起弹丸材料变形和应力变化是导致弹...     

内弹道多通道实验数据处理方法研究

本文对内弹道多通道实验曲线的处理方法进行了较为详细的分析.充分利用多通道实验数据,得出了弹丸运动规律、弹底压力变化规律、平均压力变化规律.为进一步认识膛内现象奠定了一定的基础.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.