防空兵作战指挥信息品质的影响因素分析

防空兵作战指挥信息品质严重影响防空兵作战指挥的效能.论述了防空兵作战指挥信息品质的含义和内容,并对影响指挥信息品质的主要因素做了定性与定量相结合的综合分析.指挥信息品质是度量指挥信息满足指挥活动需求的重要尺度.防空兵的指挥系统在实施指挥活动时,指挥信息品质包括时效性、准确性、稳定性、完备性、安全性五个方面.     

防空兵作战指挥对抗能力评估方法

作战指挥对抗在未来防空作战中的地位越来越重要,为科学评估防空兵作战指挥对抗能力,对防空兵作战指挥对抗系统进行了全面分析,建立了防空兵作战指挥对抗能力评估指标体系.并利用模糊数学的方法,建立该系统的模糊综合评价模型,从而为综合评估防空兵作战指挥对抗能力提供了一种方法.该方法能使定性描述定量化,客观地反映了防空兵作战指挥对抗能力的真实情况,具有一定的参考价值.     

指挥控制系统服务化研究

网络化体系作战是军队未来主要的作战样式,面向服务的指挥控制系统是实施网络化指挥控制的技术基础,是网络化指挥控制系统的重要特征.分析了指挥控制系统服务化的原因,阐述了面向服务的指挥控制系统的特点和面临的问题,提出了实现指控系统服务化的关键技术.     

复杂电磁环境对防空兵作战指挥的影响及对策

复杂的电磁环境下防空兵作战指挥能力的高低直接影响到作战效能的发挥,文章分析了复杂电磁环境对防空兵作战指挥雷达系统反干扰能力、指挥通信保障、阵地配置的影响及对策,能够为未来复杂电磁环境下防空兵作战指挥提供借鉴。     

防空兵群射击指挥能力的模糊综合评价方法

射击指挥是防空兵作战指挥的重要组成部分,防空兵群的射击指挥能力,严重影响着整个防空兵群的作战能力。引入模糊评判模型,在分析评价射击指挥能力的各个指标的基础上,对防空兵群的射击指挥能力作出综合评价。     

基于EINSTein的自适应指挥控制作战效能分析

针对信息网络对自适应指挥控制的重要影响,通过EINSTein系统建立了基于一体化信息网络的自适应指挥控制模型;仿真演示了自适应作战的典型过程,获得了兵力毁伤仿真实验数据;通过运用兵力损失交换比理论,分析了自适应指挥控制的作战效益。计算结果表明:自适应指挥控制能在交战对手单方面强化自身内部组织时,增强自身的作战组织性,提高部队的整体作战能力,它是适应一体化联合作战的新型指挥控制方式,是一体化联合作战指挥的必然选择。     

信息化条件下自适应指挥控制

自适应指挥控制是适应信息化条件下快节奏作战的新型指挥控制方式。文章在明确自适应指挥控制内涵的基础上,分析了自适应指挥控制的基本特点,描述了自适应指挥控制的运行过程,提出了实现自适应指挥控制的基本途径。     

野战防空C~3I与防空兵作战指挥控制

陆军防空兵自动化指挥系统已作为防空作战效能“倍增器”列入国家军装武器发展规划,并在近期可能交付防空部队使用。这一新装备、新技术的出现和发展必然会引起防空作战指挥的变化。在分析防空兵指挥自动化对防空作战指挥影响的基础上,对如何发挥防空兵自动化指挥的防空作战效能和防空兵指挥自动化需迫切解决的一些问题加以探讨。     

信息化条件下白适应指挥控制

自适应指挥控制是适应信息化条件下快节奏作战的新型指挥控制方式。文章在明确自适应指挥控制内涵的基础上，分析了自适应指挥控制的基本特点，描述了自适应指挥控制的运行过程，提出了实现自适应指挥控制的基本途径。     

数字化防空兵指挥控制发展趋势

随着数字技术、信息技术以及其他高新技术在数字化防空兵武器装备上的广泛应用,数字化防空兵在指挥控制上获得了新发展。文章通过分析指挥控制体系、指挥控制机构、指挥控制方式等六个方面的新变化,论述了数字化防空兵指挥控制的发展趋势。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.