基于改进战役优势参数的作战飞机优化配置

空军在现代战争中起着不可替代的作用,而作战飞机是空中力量的重要组成部分.在考虑信息支援和预警机的情况下,改进了多元兰彻斯特方程,并进一步导出了改进的战役优势参数.以战役优势参数为目标函数,建立了作战飞机在装备数量和采购经费限制条件下的优化配置模型,最后通过算例验证了模型的有效性.     

信息化条件下陆航作战运用与直升机的发展

陆军航空兵是一支以直升机为主要装备的新型兵种，其集火力、速度、高度于一体，融攻击、运输、勤务功能于一身，是未来陆军战役作战的重要突击力量。文章提出在信息化条件下联合作战，陆军航空兵可发挥自身优势，灵活进行多种样式的作战，担负多种作战任务，这必将对直升机的发展提出更高的要求。     

联合战役特种作战后勤保障“四要”

信息化条件下联合战役特种作战,是为达成联合战役企图,以诸军兵种特种作战力量为主,在陆、海、空、二炮作战力量的支援配合下,于敌纵深和后方实施的非正规或正规作战行动。其目的是配合主力部队作战,推进和加速联合战役进程。这其中,联合战役特种作战后勤保障影响着战役进程甚至结局。对此,搞好信息化条件下联合战役特种作战后勤保障应做到“四要”。     

曝光台军反制作战能力

在台军的军语中，“反制”泛指一切战略、战役和战术上的自卫式进攻行动，包括具体战术动作中的攻击行动。而台军近年来鼓噪的“反制作战”，则是指台军为达成战略、战役目的而对大陆实施的“攻势作战”，是台军防卫作战中的一种特定作战样式。近年来，随着台军军事战略的变化，反制作战的作用地位大大提高，且内涵及兵力运用方面亦有重大变化，构成了台军现阶段攻势防御战略的核心。     

空防对抗武器装备对比优势评估模型

针对战役对抗准备和兵力部署的需要,根据兰切斯特动态方程,从作战能力入手,建立了空防对抗武器装备对比优势评估模型,提出了一种异类武器装备对比优势的定量计算方法。给出了应用该方法的具体步骤,通过算例分析,验证了模型的合理性,该模型对其他武器装备的对比优势评估具有一定的参考价值。     

粟裕与渡江战役作战部署的调整和完善

渡江战役的作战部署是逐步形成的，其间因采纳了粟裕的合理建议几经调整而日臻完善，从而在决策指挥层面为人民解放军夺取战役的全胜奠定了基础。第三野战军的渡江作战是整个渡江战役的重心，“由南京两翼重点突破，东西对进，截断京沪和京杭路，围歼逃敌”这一渡江作战部署，正是粟裕等人关于渡江战役构想的体现。     

透视上甘岭战役制胜之道——解读《秦基伟日记》

秦基伟在指挥上甘岭战役作战期间所写的日记，对于深入研究以劣势装备战胜优势装备之敌的作战指导问题，具有特殊的史料价值。认真解读，可以发现：战役爆发突然，出乎秦基伟的意料之外；坑道对志愿军取得战役胜利起到了重要作用；尽管第15军伤亡很大，但秦基伟坚持打下去的决心更大；秦基伟的策略是以小的代价大量歼灭“联合国军”有生力量。     

一江山岛战役中的航空兵作战

一江山岛战役，是人民解放军史上第一次也是迄今为止惟一的一次三军联合作战。空军和海军航空兵部队在战斗发起之前和战斗过程中，有效地夺取和掌握了战区制空权，对蒋军盘踞的一江山、大陈、披山等岛屿实施了多次航空侦察和轰炸，支援和掩护了解放军登陆兵和舰艇部队的战斗行动，为登岛作战创造了有利条件。鉴于此次作战在人民解放军战史中的特殊地位，研究这段历史，分析此次作战的经验和教训，对于当前和今后人民军队空中力量的建设和作战使用，具有一定的启示作用。一、战役背景一江山岛位于浙江省台州湾椒江口外，上大陈岛的北面，为上…     

信息化条件下战役机动支援作战装备保障

未来可能发生的局部战争中，战役机动部队将担负联合战区的机动支援作战任务。文章从战役机动支援作战装备保障的特点、应遵循的保障原则和保障对策入手，结合信息条件下装备保障的特点规律进行了深刻的论述。     

应急作战政治工作应把握的重点问题

应急作战是一种应急性、应变性军事举措，具有事发突然、政治性策略性强、作战节奏快，以及力量运用优中选优、强中用强等特点。战役政治工作必须努力适应这些特点，在发扬我军政治工作优良传统的基础上，不断改进方法手段和工作作风，进一步提高应急作战中政治工作的实效，为夺取战役胜利提供坚强有力的服务保证。     

Force-annihilation conditions for variable-coefficient lanchester-type equations of modern warfare

This paper develops a mathematical theory for predicting force annihilation from initial conditions without explicitly computing force-level trajectories for deterministic Lanchester-type “square-law” áttrition equations for combat between two homogeneous forces with temporal variations in fire effectivenesses (as expressed by the Lanchester attrition-rate coefficients). It introduces a canonical auxiliary parity-condition problem for the determination of a single parity-condition parameter (“the enemy force equivalent of a friendly force of unit strength”) and new exponential-like general Lanchester functions. Prediction of force annihilation within a fixed finite time would involve the use of tabulations of the quotient of two Lanchester functions. These force-annihilation results provide further information on the mathematical properties of hyperbolic-like general Lanchester functions: in particular, the parity-condition parameter is related to the range of the quotient of two such hyperbolic-like general Lanchester functions. Different parity-condition parameter results and different new exponential-like general Lanchester functions arise from different mathematical forms for the attrition-rate coefficients. This theory is applied to general power attrition-rate coefficients: exact force-annihilation results are obtained when the so-called offset parameter is equal to zero; while upper and lower bounds for the parity-condition parameter are obtained when the offset parameter is positive.     

一类带时滞的非线性兰彻斯特战斗模型的分析

基于非线性兰彻斯特方程的一般形式和现代战争的特点,考虑到时间因素在现代战争中的巨大作用,建立并讨论了一类带时滞的非线性兰彻斯特战斗模型。通过定性分析,得到了模型的平衡点及其稳定性,证明了原模型解的存在唯一性,并给出了解的存在区域。战例分析结果表明该模型能用来描述现代战争。因此,该模型对研究现代战争的战斗进程、武器发展规划、现代军事练兵等都具有一定的参考价值。     

Approximations and empirics for stochastic war equations

The article develops a theorem which shows that the Lanchester linear war equations are not in general equal to the Kolmogorov linear war equations. The latter are time‐consuming to solve, and speed is important when a large number of simulations must be run to examine a large parameter space. Run times are provided, where time is a scarce factor in warfare. Four time efficient approximations are presented in the form of ordinary differential equations for the expected sizes and variances of each group, and the covariance, accounting for reinforcement and withdrawal of forces. The approximations are compared with “exact” Monte Carlo simulations and empirics from the WWII Ardennes campaign. The band spanned out by plus versus minus the incremented standard deviations captures some of the scatter in the empirics, but not all. With stochastically varying combat effectiveness coefficients, a substantial part of the scatter in the empirics is contained. The model is used to forecast possible futures. The implications of increasing the combat effectiveness coefficient governing the size of the Allied force, and injecting reinforcement to the German force during the Campaign, are evaluated, with variance assessments. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

Target selection in lanchester combat: Heterogeneous forces and time-dependent attrition-rate coefficients

We develop solutions to two fire distribution problems for a homogeneous force in Lanchester combat against heterogeneous enemy forces. The combat continues over a period of time with a choice of tactics available to the homogeneous force and subject to change with time. In these idealized combat situations the lethality of each force's fire (as expressed by the Lanchester attrition-rate coefficient) depends upon time. Optimal fire distribution rules are developed through the combination of Lanchester-type equations for combat attrition and deterministic optimal control theory (Pontryagin maximum principle). Additionally, the theory of state variable inequality constraints is used to treat the nonnegativity of force levels. The synthesis of optimal fire distribution policies was facilitated by exploiting special mathematical structures in these problems.     

导弹作战体系作战能力评估方法研究

对导弹作战体系作战能力评估问题进行了建模与仿真研究。分析了导弹作战体系的基本构成,建立了基于指数法和兰彻斯特战斗方程的导弹作战体系作战能力评估模型;仿真分析了发现和预警概率、指挥控制系统作战能力对导弹作战体系作战能力的影响,得到了一些有价值的数值仿真结论。     

导弹作战体系作战能力评估方法研究*

对导弹作战体系作战能力评估问题进行了建模与仿真研究.分析了导弹作战体系的基本构成,建立了基于指数法和兰彻斯特战斗方程的导弹作战体系作战能力评估模型;仿真分析了发现和预警概率、指挥控制系统作战能力对导弹作战体系作战能力的影响,得到了一些有价值的数值仿真结论.     

Fitting Lanchester equations to the battles of Kursk and Ardennes

Lanchester equations and their extensions are widely used to calculate attrition in models of warfare. This paper examines how Lanchester models fit detailed daily data on the battles of Kursk and Ardennes. The data on Kursk, often called the greatest tank battle in history, was only recently made available. A new approach is used to find the optimal parameter values and gain an understanding of how well various parameter combinations explain the battles. It turns out that a variety of Lanchester models fit the data about as well. This explains why previous studies on Ardennes, using different minimization techniques and data formulations, have found disparate optimal fits. We also find that none of the basic Lanchester laws (i.e., square, linear, and logarithmic) fit the data particularly well or consistently perform better than the others. This means that it does not matter which of these laws you use, for with the right coefficients you will get about the same result. Furthermore, no constant attrition coefficient Lanchester law fits very well. The failure to find a good‐fitting Lanchester model suggests that it may be beneficial to look for new ways to model highly aggregated attrition. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

基于时滞兰彻斯特战斗模型的现代攻防对抗

针对现代攻防对抗研究的复杂性,在分析已有的现代战争模型的基础上,充分考虑时间因素在作战中的影响,建立了反映双方对抗态势的时滞兰彻斯特战斗模型,并借助Matlab-Simulink工具箱,对模型进行了数值仿真实验。仿真结果表明：时间因素在现代攻防对抗中占据越来越重要的地位。最后依据所得结论,分别探讨了攻防双方为取得最佳战绩应当采取的对策,为武器装备发展规划、现代作战决策与军事练兵提供一定的理论指导。     

基于时滞兰彻斯特战斗模型的现代攻防对抗?

针对现代攻防对抗研究的复杂性,在分析已有的现代战争模型的基础上,充分考虑时间因素在作战中的影响,建立了反映双方对抗态势的时滞兰彻斯特战斗模型,并借助Matlab?Simulink工具箱,对模型进行了数值仿真实验。仿真结果表明：时间因素在现代攻防对抗中占据越来越重要的地位。最后依据所得结论,分别探讨了攻防双方为取得最佳战绩应当采取的对策,为武器装备发展规划、现代作战决策与军事练兵提供一定的理论指导。