Evasion costs and the theory Of conscription

This paper examines the trade and military relationship between two countries which have a common military enemy. The paper explains how the former two countries, which are military allies and trading partners, share the burden of defence against the third country. It demonstrates how the defence production of a country may hurt its ally because the latter country's terms of trade can be deteriorated. Whether or not a smaller ally spends less on defence is analyzed. Also analyzed is the effects of the reactions of the enemy country on the trade between the two allies and their welfare.     

The Demand for Military Spending in Egypt

Egypt plays a pivotal role in the security of the Middle East as the doorway to Europe and its military expenditure reflects its involvement in the machinations of such an unstable region, showing considerable variation over the last 40?years. These characteristics make it a particularly interesting case study of the determinants of military spending. This paper specifies and estimates an econometric model of the Egyptian demand for military spending, taking into account important strategic and political factors. Both economic and strategic factors are found to play a role in determining military burden/spending, with clear positive effects of lagged military burden, suggesting some sort of institutional inertia, plus negative output and net exports effects. The strategic effect as a result of the impact of Israel’s military burden is mostly positive and significant, though its impact is reduced when the impact of important strategic events are taken into account. The military spending of Egypt’s allies Jordan and Syria generally seems to have had no effect on Egypt’s spending. These results are consistent over a range of econometric techniques.     

The effect of deployment on first‐ and second‐term re‐enlistment in the US active duty force

Why should deployment affect re‐enlistment? In our model, members enter the military with naïve beliefs about deployment and use actual deployment experience to update their beliefs and revise their expected utility of re‐enlisting. Empirically, re‐enlistment is related to the type and number of deployments, consistent with the learning model. Non‐hostile deployment increases first‐term re‐enlistment but hostile deployment has little effect except for the Army, where the effect is positive. Both types increase second‐term re‐enlistment. Interestingly, first‐term members with dependants tend to respond to deployment like second‐term members. In addition, deployment acts directly to affect re‐enlistment, not indirectly through time to promotion.     

Does military expenditure increase external debt? Evidence from Asia

This article empirically explores the effect of military spending on external debt, using a sample of ten Asian countries over the years from 1990 to 2011. The Hausman’s test suggests that the random-effects model is preferable; however, both random-effects and fixed-effects models are used in this research. The empirical results show that the effect of military spending on external debt is positive, while the effects of foreign exchange reserves and of economic growth on external debt are negative. For developing countries caught in security dilemma, military expenditure often requires an increase in external debt, which may affect economic development negatively.     

基于信誉度的军事信息服务选择方法

随着军事信息技术的发展,未来军事信息系统必然是基于服务思想构造的,为提高系统的可靠性与稳定性,提出了一种基于信誉度的军事信息服务选择方法。首先对军事信息服务信誉的含义和计算依据作了简要分析,然后在基础上,构建了基于信誉度的军事信息服务选择模型,并对模型的角色和操作进行了分析,最后对UDD I的扩展方法、军事信息服务信誉度的计算方法,以及基于信誉度的军事信息服务选择算法等模型实现的关键技术进行了探讨,为基于信誉度的军事信息服务选择方法的实现奠定了基础。     

基于OPN的军事信息服务组合模型构建方法

介绍了军事信息服务的基本含义,给出了基于对象Petri网的军事信息服务组合模型的形式化描述方法,构建了军事信息服务组合模型的基本结构,并针对一个具体的防空反导作应用案例,使用国防科大对象Petri网建模仿真环境工具开发了相应的军事信息服务组合模型,并对组合服务进行了简要分析。实践表明,该方法能满足军事信息服务组合模型构建的需要,并具有良好的服务建模与仿真分析能力。     

Empirical Biases and Some Remedies in Estimating the Effects of Selective Reenlistment Bonuses on Reenlistment Rates

Researchers have, for decades, been attempting to estimate the effects of Selective Reenlistment Bonuses (SRBs) on the probability of reenlistment for the military services. SRBs are targeted to specific military occupations for which reenlistment rates are lower (or expected to be lower) than what is needed. This article first identifies four primary sources of biases affecting these models: reverse causality from supply shifts (a negative bias), the endogeneity of the decision point causing coded SRBs to be higher for reenlisters than leavers (a positive bias), measurement error (a likely negative bias), and excess supply preventing the full effect of an SRB change to materialize (a positive or negative bias). The report proceeds to develop a model that attempts to address the first two biases. With U.S. Navy data from FY2001-FY2008, I examine the extent to which these two biases are affecting the estimated SRB effects. Despite these corrections, the difficulty of addressing the other biases calls into doubt studies that examine the effects of retention bonuses or even the effects of the structure of military pay in general.     

军事物流服务商准入标准设置和甄选研究综述

军事物流服务商甄选研究是新军事变革下供应商管理发展的重要方向，是有效完成后勤保障任务、顺利实施作战行动的重要保证。基于此，本文从供应商关系理论和发展、物流服务商指标体系选择以及结合其他方法对物流服务商甄选三个方面对国内外研究现状进行总结概述，对整个军事物流服务商的选择过程加以研究，将其科学客观地运用于军事物流服务商选择的实际操作中，对于加强军事物流服务商需求管理、提高选择质效以及优化工作流程具有重大意义。同时，分析现有研究成果的不足，并对其未来发展前景提出展望，针对性地提出了军事物流服务商初步准入标准以及后续复选的方法，为军事物流服务商选择体系的完善提供参考。     

析兵役行政法律责任

兵役法是军事法一个重要组成部分,明确违反兵役法应承担的法律责任,为促进公民履行兵役义务与国家兵役活动的顺利进行提供法律保障。     

Military spending and growth: a small open economy stochastic growth model

The paper analyzes the effects of military spending on economic growth in a small open stochastic endogenous growth model involving the supply-side and demand-side effects produced by military spending. We show that a rise in the military spending affects economic growth through four channels, including the crowding-out effect, the spin-off effect, the resource mobilization effect, and the portfolio effect. The net effect which depends on these four channels is ambiguous. Hence, we demonstrate that there exists an optimal defense burden that maximizes the economic growth rate.     

网络环境下基于任务的军事虚拟物流资源匹配

针对Chord网络环境下军事虚拟物流资源需求匹配问题,研究了面向军事虚拟物流任务需求的资源匹配模型,给出了一种标准通用的、可扩展的、具有需求资源定义自主性和规范性,并且支持单一功能和综合功能物流资源定义的军事虚拟物流任务需求资源定义模型,以及基于需求资源定义的军事虚拟物流资源匹配算法流程,实现了单一功能类物流资源需求匹配和综合功能类物流资源需求匹配,体现了面向用户应用需求的特点。     

Externalities in Military Spending and Growth: The Role of Natural Resources as a Channel through Conflict

This investigation re-examines the potential sources of positive externalities for the relationship between military spending and economic growth using recent advances in panel estimation methods and a large data-set on military expenditure. The investigation provides a new analysis on the relationship between conflict, corruption, natural resources and military expenditure and their direct and indirect effects on economic growth. The analysis finds that the impact of military expenditure on growth is generally negative as in the literature, but that it is not significantly detrimental for countries facing higher internal threats and for countries with large natural resource wealth once corruption levels are accounted for.     

面向信息整合的军用数据中心研究

针对未来多样化军事任务对数据服务需求,在充分研究军用数据异构、分散存储、服务方式多样等现状的基础上,分析了数据应用的能力需求,提出了面向信息整合的军用数据中心技术架构与组成,阐述了该架构的特点以及关键技术,很好地解决了现有数据服务存在的问题,为未来军用数据工程建设奠定基础。     

潜艇作战系统的服务描述与建模方法研究

在军事信息服务定义的基础上,针对军事信息服务的语义化、动态化等特性,提出一种潜艇作战系统的服务描述和建模方法。其中服务描述采用基本描述、功能描述和非功能描述相结合的方法;建模方法采用扩展的本体定义元模型,增强了军事信息服务的语义性和动态性。最后将所提方法应用到面向服务的潜艇作战系统中,为开展潜艇作战系统服务化研究提供参考。     

Military Spending,Conflict and External Debt in Sub-Saharan Africa

The damaging economic effects of the debt crises on Africa in the late 1980s encouraged considerable research on the determinants of external debt in developing economies. Although sub-Saharan Africa's (SSA) debt was cut by two-thirds by 2008, through two debt relief programmes, debt in the region has since been rising at an increasingly rapid pace. This study provides an empirical analysis of the determinants of external debt in SSA over the period 1960–2016, using dynamic panel methods. It also considers two potentially important factors that have received relatively little attention. One is military spending, rarely considered, despite a number of well-publicised scandals over the procurement of unnecessary and expensive high-tech weapons systems. A second, is the possibility that the countries studied have been involved in conflict. The empirical results point to a positive impact of military spending on external debt, but with some evidence of heterogeneity across the countries. Furthermore, findings indicate that the positive effect of military expenditure on debt becomes more marked in countries that have been affected by conflict. These results imply that policies to improve security and reduce military spending could be beneficial in reducing external debt and, potentially, improving economic performance in the region.     

军事训练信息系统中气象水文环境的构建

军事训练信息系统中的气象水文环境构建的研究目的在于模拟气象水文环境对作战行动产生的各种影响,为军事训练信息系统提供各项气象水文基础服务。在分析军事训练信息系统中气象水文环境服务需求的基础上,采用分层结构的方法构建了以数据层、管理层、服务层和交互层为组成的气象水文环境体系,提出了各层应具有的基本服务功能,同时也验证了通过构建气象水文环境能够提高军事训练信息系统中战场环境的仿真度,进而提高训练的复杂度和训练质量。     

Do Employers Favor those with Military Experience in the U.S. Reserve Forces? Evidence from a Field Experiment

This study examines whether completed service in the military reserves results in a civilian labor market benefit. Reservists are not completely absent from the civilian labor market during their military service, possibly allowing them to receive the benefits associated with military experience without forgoing valuable civilian labor market experience. Using a resume study, the results suggest that completed service in the military reserves, relative to no military experience, increases the probability of receiving a request for an interview by 19%.