PP炭对PFIB的防护机理探讨

对前人提出的活性炭对PFIB的防护机理进行了分析，并与实验结果比较，发现已有的机理与实验结果并不符合。结合有机氟烯烃的反应规律和活性炭表面的性质，提出了新的反应机理．新的反应机理认为，PFIB与活性炭表面的亲核基团发生一系列反应，生成多种活性中间体、HF和TTFM。在此基础上，又提出了PP炭对PFIB的防护机理。提出的机理，能较好地解释PFIB在干燥的活性炭表面生成大量TTFM的现象，也解释了TTFM分子中氢原子的来源问题．     

不同结构形式气液同轴式喷嘴的流量特性

本文通过实验方法对两种不同结构形式的气液同轴式喷嘴流量特性进行了研究,重点考察了喷嘴内气液相互作用和环境反压的变化对喷嘴流量特性的影响,研究结果表明同轴离心式喷嘴内气液相互作用比同轴直流式喷嘴内气液相互作用要强。对于这两种喷嘴,反压的变化对气相流量的影响规律相同,而对液相流量的影响规律却不同     

Brill流型的脉冲防暴水炮发射管内气液两相流流型

搭建了脉冲防暴水炮气液两相流动力研究的模化实验平台,对水炮发射管进行可视化研究的改装,通过高速摄影机来拍摄发射管内气液两相流气液界面运动的行为。简化了水炮的三维物理模型,应用OpenFOAM软件自带的大涡数值模拟模型(LES)对发射管内气液两相流进行流场仿真,得到了流型的演变过程。数值模拟结果显示脉冲防暴水炮发射管内气液两相动力过程的流型演变规律为:开始阶段为冲击流,但持续时间极为短暂;然后演变为环状流,持续时间较长;最后为气液掺混阶段的雾状流。数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合良好。     

气液同轴式喷嘴雾化特性的试验

通过试验研究气液同轴直流式和气液同轴离心式喷嘴的雾化性能。研究表明:喷嘴出口扩张时可以改善喷嘴的雾化性能;气液同轴直流式和气液同轴离心式喷嘴都存在一个合适的缩进长度,在改善喷嘴雾化特性的同时对总流量影响较小;在相同条件下,气液同轴离心式喷嘴的喷雾性能要优于气液同轴直流式喷嘴的喷雾性能。     

液体火箭发动机气液同轴式喷嘴混合特性实验研究

本文通过实验研究了液体火箭发动机气液同轴离心式喷嘴的混合特性。利用两相探针技术,测量了喷嘴下游喷雾流场中气液流强和混合比分布,考察了喷嘴缩进比和气液喷注压降等参数对混合特性的影响。结果表明,气液同轴离心式喷嘴的缩进比对喷嘴混合特性有较大影响,增大缩进比将导致更窄的气液流强分布和更均匀的混合,而改变气液喷注压降将导致不同的流强和混合比分布规律。     

基于霍普金森压杆气凝胶及其复合材料抗冲击性能试验研究

为了研究气凝胶及纤维增强气凝胶的抗冲击能力,分别对纯SiO_2气凝胶试件、SiO_2气凝胶基有机纤维毡、SiO_2气凝胶基玻璃纤维毡三种不同材料进行了霍普金森杆加载试验,将实验结果与入射杆直接撞击透射杆结果进行对比,分析了纯气凝胶及纤维增强气凝胶在装甲防护中的作用及其机理。实验结果表明:在冲击作用下,纯SiO_2气凝胶、SiO_2气凝胶基有机纤维毡会完全"粉碎",变成基体粉末和纤维,SiO_2气凝胶基玻璃纤维毡发生较大的压缩变形,部分基体和纤维被挤出;作为SiO_2气凝胶的增韧材料,玻璃纤维的作用要优于有机纤维的作用;气凝胶及其纤维增强材料在受到均匀冲击载荷时比受到局部载荷时更容易发挥其防护作用。     

银光集团小建议消除物资管理隐患

<正>近期,中国兵器工业甘肃银光化学工业集团有限公司采纳员工提交的合理化建议,将硝酸储罐管线中的残酸通过移动漏斗及管线,直接流入残酸输送管,再通过残酸泵打入贮槽,消除了以往检修过程中管线中残酸通过移动漏斗接到桶中,再由员工手工提到平台入孔处倒入贮槽的安全隐患。今年以来,该单位从推动合理化建议解决物资储存安全环保隐患的角度出发,不断完善合理化建议流程,定期公示合理化建议提交、评审、采纳及实施情况,并对实施中取得良好效果的合理化建议进行发布和奖励。     

依靠技术创新 推进核技术产业化

中核红华特种气体股份有限公司是我国最大的制氟及氟电子气专业性企业,是由中国核工业集团公司所属的全资子公司四川红华实业总公司为主发起人,联合成都无纺布二厂等六家单位以发起设立方式设立的股份有限公司。公司大力实施创新发展战略,短短两年间改变了单一产品的不利局面,形成一条     

气液比对液体中心式气液同轴离心喷嘴燃烧过程的影响

为了分析气液比对液体中心式气液同轴离心喷嘴燃烧过程的影响,针对一台采用液体中心式气液同轴离心喷嘴的燃气发生器在不同气液比下进行热试,并对试验结果进行深入分析。结果表明:随着气液比的增加,燃烧过程存在三种状态——稳定燃烧、稳定燃烧过渡到低频不稳定燃烧、低频不稳定燃烧。这种低频不稳定燃烧与供应系统的振荡无关,是由气液比增加造成三岔火焰远离喷注面板,当三岔火焰到达喷雾撞击点后火焰稳定性降低,使得火焰在回流区内前后振荡引起的。     

多元气体化学爆炸的超压安全泄放设计

压力容器在气液二相共存的情况下 ,采用UNIFAC法预测液相活度系数进行气液平衡计算 ,得到多元系统的气液平衡浓度 ,结合燃爆模拟实验数据 ,对容器危险工况下的超压进行安全泄放设计。     

由新比旧好元件组成的指数寿命系统的特性研究

文中研究了由独立的新比旧好元件组成的指数寿命系统,证明了:(i)对单调系统,它本质上是由指数寿命的元件串联而成;(ii)对系统的寿命是元件寿命的情形,除了一个元件是指数的外,其余元件的寿命分布均在零处退化。     

Optimal replacement for fault-tolerant systems

We consider the optimal replacement problem for a fault tolerant system comprised of N components. The components are distingushable, and the state of the system is given by knowing exactly which components are operationl and which have failed. The individual component failure rates depend on the state of the entire system. We assume that the rate at which the system produces income decreases as the system deteriorates and the system replacement cost rises. Individual components cannot be replaced. We give a greedy-type algorithm that produces the replacement policy that maximizes the long-run net system income per unit time.     

大空间钢结构建筑消防安全评估研究

大空间钢结构建筑发生火灾时,火焰及火灾产生的高温羽流可能对钢构件构成一定威胁。采用经验公式计算和FDS模拟分析两种方法计算火灾环境中大空间建筑钢构件的温度,评估钢构件是否达到或超过其失效温度。     

On the availability of R out of N repairable systems

An R out of N repairable system consisting of N components and operates if at least R components are functioning. Repairable means that failed components are repaired, and upon repair completion they are as good as new. We derive formulas for the expected up‐time, expected down‐time, and the availability of the system, using Markov renewal processes. We assume that either the repair times of the components are generally distributed and the components' lifetimes are exponential or vice versa. The analysis is done for systems with either cold or warm stand‐by. Numerical examples are given for several life time and repair time distributions. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 483–498, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10025     

Systems composed of two types of nonidentical and dependent components

A coherent system of order n that consists two different types of dependent components is considered. The lifetimes of the components in each group are assumed to follow an exchangeable joint distribution, and the two random vectors, which represent the lifetimes of the components in each group are also assumed to be dependent. Under this particular form of dependence, all components are assumed to be dependent but they are categorized with respect to their reliability functions. Mixture representation is obtained for the survival function of the system's lifetime. Mixture representations are also obtained for the series and parallel systems consisting of disjoint modules such that all components of Type I are involved in one module (subsystem) and all components of Type II are placed in the other module. The theoretical results are illustrated with examples. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 388–394, 2015     

Parametric inference for component distributions from lifetimes of systems with dependent components

In system reliability analysis, for an n ‐component system, the estimation of the performance of the components in the system is not straightforward in practice, especially when the components are dependent. Here, by assuming the n components in the system to be identically distributed with a common distribution belonging to a scale‐family and the dependence structure between the components being known, we discuss the estimation of the lifetime distributions of the components in the system based on the lifetimes of systems with the same structure. We develop a general framework for inference on the scale parameter of the component lifetime distribution. Specifically, the method of moments estimator (MME) and the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) are derived for the scale parameter, and the conditions for the existence of the MLE are also discussed. The asymptotic confidence intervals for the scale parameter are also developed based on the MME and the MLE. General simulation procedures for the system lifetime under this model are described. Finally, some examples of two‐ and three‐component systems are presented to illustrate all the inferential procedures developed here. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

一种分析广义脊形传输器件的新型数值方法

利用Compact 2-D频域有限差分(FDFD)法分析广义脊形传输器件特性,得到的本征方程只涉及4个横向场分量,与同时处理6个场分量的本征问题相比,大大降低了CPU时间,同时由给定的工作频率f求解相移常数β,易于实际应用.针对广义脊形传输器件的复杂结构,本文划分了不同的子区.几种代表性的脊形波导传输结构分析结果与其他方法一致,表明了本文分析思路的可行性.     

基于零点匹配的弹体构件超声检测方法

针对弹体坯料构件检测效率较低的问题,提出了一种基于零点匹配的超声检测原理。零点匹配原理是基于被检构件在做周期性的匀速旋转过程中自身曲率变化的规律提出的,表现为探头与构件下表面的距离变化。利用小波分析的方法对含有噪声的周期距离信号进行降噪处理,并采用求不同检测截面间周期信号的互相关函数的方法,对各截面零点进行一致性判断,根据判断结果进行零点匹配。该方法有效缩短了零点传感器进行零点判断过程所需的等待时间,有效提高了构件检测的效率。     

On matched active redundancy allocation for coherent systems with statistically dependent component lifetimes

This study addresses the allocation of matched active redundancy components to coherent systems with base components having statistically dependent lifetimes. We consider base component lifetimes and redundancy component lifetimes which are both stochastic arrangement monotone with respect to a pair of components given the lifetimes of the other components. In this context, allocating a more reliable redundancy component to the weaker base component is shown to incur a stochastically larger system lifetime. Numerical examples are presented as an illustration of the theoretical results.     

An economic selective assembly procedure for two mating components with equal variance

An economic procedure of selective assembly is proposed when a product is composed of two mating components. The major quality characteristic of the product is the clearance between the two components. The components are divided into several classes prior to assembly. The component characteristics are assumed to be independently and normally distributed with equal variance. The procedure is designed so that the proportions of both components in their corresponding classes are the same. A cost model is developed based on a quadratic loss function and methods of obtaining the optimal class limits as well as the optimal number of classes are provided. Formulas for obtaining the proportion of rejection and the unavailability of mating components are also provided. The proposed model is compared with the equal width and the equal area partitioning methods using a numerical example. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 809–821, 1999