基于高分辨雷达的杂波分布模型

高分辨力雷达体制下,杂波散斑分量与调制分量更适合用广义Gamma分布模型描述,在此基础上,建立了广义复合杂波模型表达式,随后研究了在热噪声情况下的广义杂波分布模型;然后通过对模型选取特定参数,得到了广义K分布表达式,同时分析了取不同参数广义K分布时与经典杂波概率分布的联系;最后研究了上述有关杂波模型的统计特性,进而得到了参数估计的基本方法.进行了仿真实验,验证了结论.     

锥脊波导SOA光耦合机制的理论分析

针对半导体光放大器 (SOA)与单模光纤的耦合问题 ,详细介绍了当前最新的锥脊光波导耦合技术 ,用光波电磁场干涉理论建立了锥脊光波导的传输模式方程 ,并根据光波的全反射理论 ,揭示了锥脊光波导等效折射率的渐变规律 ,从理论上分析了锥脊波导SOA的光耦合机制 ,理论分析与相关报道的实验结果吻合 .     

某新型减阻试验台理论仿真

针对现今水洞、风洞减阻试验准备过程繁琐、周期长、费用昂贵等问题,根据同轴旋转粘度计原理.提出了针对脊状结构减阻、涂层减阻等减阻技术的新型试验台.通过选取V型和U型两种脊状结构,对试验台模型进行模拟仿真计算,将具有脊状结构的试验台壁面剪切力值和湍流强度与光滑试验台数据进行比较,得到了较好的减阻效果.从而说明运用本试验台进行减阻试验的方案是切实可行的.     

面向癫痫脑电的简化深度学习模型

针对脑电信号随机性强、动态变化迅速等特点,提出了一种简化深度学习模型研究癫痫脑电识别问题。提出的模型以一维卷积神经网络为基础,在结构方面简化了卷积层、池化层等以提高模型效率,在整体框架方面应用了Keras框架,在训练优化算法方面采用RMSProp算法作为模型优化算法,通过预定义的目标函数来进行损失估计,模型设计上加入了批标准化层和全局均值池化层。基于所提模型,从三个方面研究了癫痫脑电识别问题,即:利用经验模态分解,分别选取前三阶、前五阶、前七阶、前八阶的本征模态函数分量,在简化模型上进行对比分析；利用提出模型所具备的深度学习特点,直接识别原始脑电信号而无须特征提取环节；增加了三种不同方法分别提取7类特征,对相同的脑电数据进行对比分析。性能分析结果表明:对于五类不同的脑电信号,前三阶的本征模态函数分量的识别率达到92.1%,比其他几种处理方式识别率高；前八阶的本征模态分量识别率不及原始信号,表明人工数据处理时会给数据带来噪声; 所提出的简化深度学习模型能高效处理癫痫脑电识别问题,具备较高效率和较好性能。     

脊状表面湍流边界层高阶统计量特性

通过对不同风速下V型脊状表面及光洁平板表面湍流边界层内偏斜系数和平坦系数的测试,对比分析了脊状表面边界层内偏斜系数和平坦系数的分布规律。试验在一小型专用风洞中开展,流场测试中使用恒温式IFA300智能型流动分析仪,测试模型则采用有机玻璃材质的矩形平板结构,且试验中模型表面脊状结构的方向与流向一致。最终研究结果表明,脊状表面湍流边界层内偏斜系数和平坦系数分布规律与平板表面基本一致,但脊状结构的存在降低了距壁面无量纲高度y′10区域(包括整个粘性底层和过渡区的一部分)的偏斜系数和平坦系数,而对边界层中过渡区以外区域则影响不明显。由此可以推断,脊状结构主要影响边界层流场的近壁区。     

面向异常检测的高光谱图像压缩技术

异常检测已经成为高光谱图像重要的后续应用之一,提出了一种面向异常检测的高光谱图像压缩算法.为减少压缩对异常检测性能的影响,首先采用RX算子对高光谱图像进行异常检测,并对异常点与背景对应的光谱维矢量进行预处理.对高光谱图像的光谱维矢量进行KL变换,通过引入虚拟维数估计算法对原始数据的本征维数进行估计,在此基础上给出了一种主分量选取方法.最后,采用最优码率分配策略为各主分量分配相应的压缩码率,并利用SPIHT算法分别进行压缩.实验结果表明,该算法在获得较高压缩性能的同时,可有效保持图像中的异常信息.     

爆炸震动多级隔震与阻尼吸能制震研究

本文结合爆炸引起的整体隔震复合结构的理论和试验研究,提出了结构的相对低频震动隔震问题。针对典型的多级隔震系统,研究了其对爆炸震动的隔震机理、振动分析方法,指出后继隔震系统的输入震动主要为相对低频震动分量;这些低频震动分量与后继隔震系统的固有频率很接近,可导致后继隔震系统隔震失效。针对这一低频隔震问题,文中建议采用阻尼吸能制震方法,并利用粘弹广义导数模型研究了附加粘性液体阻尼器多级隔震系统的振动特性     

回转体表面不同尺寸脊状结构的减阻数值仿真

将脊状表面减阻技术应用于水下回转体,对回转体表面不同尺寸的V型脊状结构在多个速度下进行了数值仿真计算,发现了脊状结构的尺寸对回转体脊状表面减阻效果的影响规律.针对回转体脊状表面的流场特性,在进行数值仿真时合理选择了计算模型、计算流域、计算网格及边界条件.仿真结果表明:在同一速度下,相对光滑表面而言,回转体脊状表面所受的压差阻力略有增大,但占总阻力份额80%以上的粘性阻力显著降低,从而形成减阻效果;当V型脊状结构的宽高比等于1时,减阻效果最佳;对于同一个回转体脊状表面,低速下的减阻效果明显优于高速.     

基于缺陷分析的环境应力筛选方案优化思考

环境应力筛选不是万能的,不当的ESS方案可能导致潜在损伤和巨大质量成本.分析了产品缺陷特性,提出了本征缺陷与本征寿命的概念,研究了缺陷与ESS的关系,对ESS方案的系统设计及优化进行了探讨.ESS方案必须进行系统设计,通过分析产品特性和缺陷特点制定针对性ESS方案并不断优化.     

基于Haar小波的海底地形匹配方法研究

提出了一种基于地形的小波场特征的相关匹配的方法.在小波场的相关匹配技术中,由于小波的垂直分量和水平分量反映了图像的边缘等高频信息,所以分解后的小波特征场相关性小,有比较高的匹配精度;同时,由于数据量压缩,提高了匹配速度,适应于地形匹配的快速实现.     

Stochastic framework for partially degradation systems with continuous component degradation‐rate‐interactions

Many conventional models that characterize the reliability of multicomponent systems are developed on the premise that for a given system, the failures of its components are independent. Although this facilitates mathematical tractability, it may constitute a significant departure from what really takes place. In many real‐world applications, system components exhibit various degrees of interdependencies, which present significant challenges in predicting degradation performance and the remaining lifetimes of the individual components as well as the system at large. We focus on modeling the performance of interdependent components of networked systems that exhibit interactive degradation processes. Specifically, we focus on how the performance level of one component affects the degradation rates of other dependent components. This is achieved by using stochastic models to characterize how degradation‐based sensor signals associated with the components evolve over time. We consider “Continuous‐Type” component interactions that occur continuously over time. This type of degradation interaction exists in many applications, in which interdependencies occur on a continuum. We use a system of stochastic differential equations to capture such “Continuous‐Type” interaction. In addition, we utilize a Bayesian approach to update the proposed model using real‐time sensor signals observed in the field and provide more accurate estimation of component residual lifetimes. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 286–303, 2014     

The effect of stochastic time delays on the reliability of isolated impulse systems

This article concerns the effect of stochastic time delays in the operation of components upon system reliability for isolated impulse systems, for which component delays have hitherto been treated as deterministic. These are systems, such as automatic protective devices, which remain idle for most of their lives but which are required to respond with the utmost speed to input signals arising at arbitrary isolated time instants. System failure can arise from components failing to operate, or from being too slow to operate so that the systems operation is too slow to meet requirements. During operation components are usually subjected to greater stresses than during idling, so that it is assumed that components are subjected to increased failure tendencies during the time it takes them to perform their functions. The effect of stochastic time delays on the evaluation of systems reliability is considered, and a hierarchy of complexity associated with the physical nature of the delays in series and redundant configurations is exposed. Some simple exponential illustrations are presented.     

基于DSP的弹载视频图像实时消旋系统实现

提出了一种基于高速DSP芯片的电子消旋方法,利用旋转算法对每一场图像的亮度、色度分量进行反向旋转处理,再使用线性差值法对像素进行重新采样输出,从而实现旋转彩色视频图像的实时消旋.     

On the availability of R out of N repairable systems

An R out of N repairable system consisting of N components and operates if at least R components are functioning. Repairable means that failed components are repaired, and upon repair completion they are as good as new. We derive formulas for the expected up‐time, expected down‐time, and the availability of the system, using Markov renewal processes. We assume that either the repair times of the components are generally distributed and the components' lifetimes are exponential or vice versa. The analysis is done for systems with either cold or warm stand‐by. Numerical examples are given for several life time and repair time distributions. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 483–498, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10025     

Optimal spares for stochastically failing equipment

A mathematical model is formulated for determining the number of spare components to purchase when components stochastically fail according to a known life distribution function and there is a cost incurred when a component is replaced. Bounds are determined for the optimal inventory which indicate that the inclusion of the replacement cost lowers the optimal inventory. Since these bounds are no easier to calculate than the optimal spares level, the theory is specialized to components with exponentially distributed time to failure. Procedures are given for calculating the optimal spares level, and numerical examples are provided.     

Optimal (τ, T) opportunistic maintenance of a k‐out‐of‐n:G system with imperfect PM and partial failure

The opportunistic maintenance of a k‐out‐of‐n:G system with imperfect preventive maintenance (PM) is studied in this paper, where partial failure is allowed. In many applications, the optimal maintenance actions for one component often depend on the states of the other components and system reliability requirements. Two new (τ, T) opportunistic maintenance models with the consideration of reliability requirements are proposed. In these two models, only minimal repairs are performed on failed components before time τ and the corrective maintenance (CM) of all failed components are combined with PM of all functioning but deteriorated components after τ; if the system survives to time T without perfect maintenance, it will be subject to PM at time T. Considering maintenance time, asymptotic system cost rate and availability are derived. The results obtained generalize and unify some previous research in this area. Application to aircraft engine maintenance is presented. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons;, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 223–239, 2000     

使用三个数域的数域筛算法

大整数分解难题是RSA密码的数学安全基础.目前数域筛算法是分解365比特以上大整数的最有效方法,然而它的时间复杂度仍然是亚指数的.对于目前普遍使用的1024比特以上大整数,数域筛算法还不能分解,所以研究数域筛算法具有重要的意义.现有的一般数域筛算法普遍使用两个数域,对多个数域的研究极少.一般数域筛算法经过修改可以使用三个数域,即两个代数数域和一个有理数域.分析表明:修改后的数域筛算法与原来的一般数域筛算法在时间复杂度上处于同一量级.但修改后的数域筛算法有更多地方可以合并计算,所以计算速度更快了.通过两个实验也验证了这一结论.     

A model in which component failure rates depend on the working set

We consider a multicomponent system in which the failure rate of a given component at any time depends on the set of working components at that time. Sufficient conditions are presented under which such a system has a life distribution of specified type. The Laplace transform of the time until all components are down is derived. When repair is allowed, conditions under which the resulting process is time reversible are presented.     

三维数据场的可视化

三维数据场是普遍存在的。本文给出一个三维标量场和矢量场的可视化方法：对计算或实测产生的离散数据重构三维连续场的分布,构造数据场的整体发光模型,并根据发光模型计算视屏投影区域上各象素点的光强值,采用直接体绘制（ｄｉｒｅｃｔｖｏｌｕｍｅｒｅｎｄｅｒｉｎｇ）及视觉增强处理绘制出场的可视化图象,通过特征面处理绘制出场的局部分布图象。图象层次及细节丰富,反映了场的分布信息。系统具有较强的交互功能,静态、动态显示功能及友好的用户界面。     

高速互连网络中基于网卡的归约计算硬件卸载机制

聚合通信广泛应用于高性能计算的研究和工程领域。在大规模的科学和工程计算中,聚合通信开销占据很大比例,有时甚至可达到全部消息传递开销的80%,是高性能计算系统的性能瓶颈。因此提出了一种基于网卡的归约计算硬件卸载机制,通过在网卡上嵌入归约操作逻辑部件,实现了数据在传输过程中的计算,减轻了CPU的负担,降低了通信延迟。通过FPGA平台实现了16节点的归约操作实验,并基于xNetSimPlus模拟器模拟了不同节点规模的归约操作。实验证明,卸载机制能有效减少聚合通信中归约操作的时间,所提支持归约计算的网卡卸载机制最高可以加速归约操作2.71倍。