美陆军1993年版FM100-5<<作战纲要>>简介

这是一篇介绍美陆军新版条令《作战纲要》的文章。文章较系统地叙述了新版新令与前几版条令在一系列作战思想、作战条件和方法等方面的重大变化。由于该条令是美陆军的一种纲领性的条令,因而这些变化是引人注目的。作者声称,文章只是个人的观点,并非官方的解释。     

宇宙空间:未来国家安全“新边疆”——从美军新版《空间作战》条令看其空间力量的建设与运用

2006年11月27日,美国空军制定的新版条令文件(AFDD2-2)《空间作战》正式颁布施行。新版条令共分为六部分。前言介绍了条令的目的、使用对象和主要内容:第一章阐释了空间作战涉及的基本概念:第二章规定了     

美国核武器走向“先发制人”——评美国新版《联合核作战条令》草案

2005年9月11日,美国《华盛顿邮报》率先报道,美国国防部已经起草并提交了新版《联合核作战条令》草案。草案允许战场指挥官在获得总统授权的情况下,对使用大规模杀伤性武器的国家或恐怖主义分子集团进行“先发制人”的核打击, 同时还允许使用核武器“先发制人”地摧毁敌人的核生化武器库。该消息立即引起强烈反响。《联合核作战条令》是一个什么样的文件？新版《联合核作战条令》草案有哪些新的内容,又会对国际安全产生哪些影响呢？     

为强化军队纪律提供更为完备的法规依据——访《纪律条令》修改课题组组长龚义德

新的《中国人民解放军纪律条令》,对于进一步加强军队纪律建设,更好地发挥奖惩的作用,巩固提高部队的战斗力具有重要意义。为了准确把握新《纪律条令》的精神实质,记者《纪律条令》的修改问题采访了该课题组组长龚义德(以下简称龚)。 记者:新版《纪律条令》是以1990年版《纪律条令》为基础进行修订的,您能谈一谈主要在哪些方面作了修改吗?     

美军联合信息作战条令的发展与特点

美军是世界上军队信息化建设起步最早的，同时也是最好的军队。在信息化建设过程中关军非常注重条令的制定。本文阐述了美军信息作战条令的发展历程，探讨了新版《美军联合信息作战条令》的几个显著特点。这对我军现阶段的军事转型有着重要的借鉴意义。     

美国要拿核武器“先发制人”

9月11日,美国《华盛顿邮报》报道,美国国防部已经起草并提交了新版《联合核作战条令》草案。该草案在核武器使用原则和程序方面与以前的版本有所不同。它允许作战指挥官在获得总统授权的情况下,对使用大规模杀伤性武器的国家或恐怖主义分子集团进行“先发制人”的核打击,同时还允许使用核武器“先发制人”地摧毁敌人的核、生、化武器库。该草案一经报道,立即引起强烈反响。世界各大报纸纷纷发表评论,探讨美国的核政策。美国一些战略学家和军控问题专家也从核武器使用、发展以及防扩散的角度发表评论,分析该文件带来的影响.美国修订新版《联合核作战条令》,并企图把核武器作为“先发制人”的手段,这一动     

全纵深同时攻击——胜利的一半

本文较具体地叙述了美陆军新版作战条令ＦＭ１００－５《作战纲要》中的一个新的重要原则：对敌实施全纵深同时攻击。文章并以在巴拿马和伊拉克的两次局部战争作实例说明。     

“安德鲁飓风“救灾:炮兵模式的人道主义援助

人道主义援助和救灾是美军新版条令《作战纲要》规定的美军新任务。本文作为一个实例介绍美军第１０山地师第７野战炮兵团在“安德鲁飓风”救灾行动中的活动方式、部队编组、救灾工作、撤离和移交等问题,总结了救灾行动的经验。     

美军新版《心理战联合条令》解析

美军2010年1月7日出台的新版《心理战联合条令JP3—13．2》，规定了心理战的计划、实施和评估三个部分的详细内容，为美军联合作战、美军参与多国军事行动和机构间协调提供了政策依据，指导了美军心理战作战和训练。     

美国陆军训练与条令司令部面临的新课题

冷战结束后,美国陆军训练与条令司令部面对新的世界形势,不得不对教育训练方针和部队的作战条令进行重大调整。本文就美国陆军训练与条令司令部修订作战条令、探讨未来战场的作战样式以及研究和试验新技术、新方法等几个方面的发展趋势作了剖析。     

关于D—N.S.算子类的注记

本文在文献的基础上对 D—N.S.算子类作了进一步探讨,得到了一些新的结果,它们对 Hilbert 空间上有界线性算子的不变子空间研究有所启示和帮助。     

美军在信息安全视野下利用社交媒体政策研究

近年来,美军逐步调整社交媒体政策,重视发挥其在公共事务、家庭服务以及塑造军队形象中的独特功能。从信息安全的角度出发,在分析美军社交媒体政策发展变化及其内在动因的基础上,总结出美军运用社交媒体所采取的信息安全措施。     

Dundee-made harpoon gun associated with H. M. S. Challenger

Attention is drawn to the existence of a harpoon-gun putatively from H. M. S. Challenger, a ship whose three-and-a-half-year circumnavigation of the globe (1872–1876), marked the beginning of the science of oceanography. The harpoon gun in question was made by Dundee shipsmith and harpoon-gun maker, David Neave. Only a few other examples of his work are known to exist and this example with a Remington rolling-block action is unusual for a British harpoon gun. It is proposed that it came to Millport's Marine Station via links Sir John Murray (1841–1914) had with the Marine Biological Association of the West of Scotland.     

The Two Techniques of O. Henry＇s

O. Henry is the founder of American modern short story. What makes his sto-ries enjoy mostt popularity is his own styles ---- (1) Reasonable artistic exaggeration. (2)Unexpected ending. In this article I emphatically comment its value in the two stories : TheRomance of a Busy Broker and The Last Leaf. Up to now there is still much in Henry‘s method that we can make use of beneficially.     

基于DSP平台的H.324系统研究与实现

在分析H.324系统中双向视音频编解码所需要的运算量和存储容量的基础上,选择两片高速DSP芯片TMS320VC5509,合理分配资源,对视频编解码中关键代码进行优化,设计和实现了双向视音频编解码的实时H.324系统。特别是在定点DSP上采用了整数变换代替浮点DCT,消除了浮点运算,减少了运算量,给出了实验结果。     

Dangerous work: Terrorism against U.S. diplomats

The goal of diplomats is to represent their countries’ interests through diplomacy, not arms. Because they are not military personnel, they may be perceived as at lower risk of being the target of terrorists. However, recent events have called this perception into question. Despite this danger, there has been little research on terrorist attacks against diplomats. Drawing on the terrorism studies literature, this article argues that diplomats are targeted more than non-diplomatic targets in countries where certain U.S. foreign policies are implemented. An empirical analysis of 471 attacks against U.S. diplomats from 1970 to 2011 reveals that while U.S. alliances and foreign aid increase the likelihood of attacks against diplomats, U.S. military intervention and civil war, on the other hand, increase the risk of terrorism against non-diplomatic targets. This finding is relevant because it shows terrorist attacks against diplomats result from certain types of foreign policy.     

执行视图(EV)在美军装备体系决策中的应用

在体系SoS(System-of-Systems)工程领域中,如何构建科学合理的装备体系结构,即装备体系决策一直是众多问题中的热点之一。执行视图EV(Executive Views)是美军在解决体系决策问题方面的最新研究成果。与以往的工程手段相比,执行视图具有便于理解、易于使用、适于高层决策的特点,它为解决庞大复杂的体系决策问题提供了强有力的支持。美国陆军已经率先将执行视图应用于其指挥控制(C2)体系的决策之中,并取得了良好的效果。描述了执行视图产生的背景,通过示例展现了执行视图的开发结果和信息表示方法,并对传统视图和执行视图进行了比较。     

The nuclear education of Donald J. Trump

During the 2016 American presidential campaign, Democrats and Republicans alike repeatedly raised concerns at the prospect of Donald Trump being in charge of America’s nuclear arsenal based on his seemingly unstable personality. Unfortunately, this emphasis on Trump’s character distracted attention from any in-depth investigation into his long-standing interest in nuclear issues. This article seeks to remedy this shortcoming by highlighting the nuclear legacy Trump will inherit from Obama, surveying his statements on nuclear issues over more than three decades, and providing an analysis of constraining factors on his administration’s nuclear agenda, particularly domestic institutions. It finds that most of Trump’s views on nuclear issues are relatively consistent with past Republican presidents. Where he is unique, however, is in his use of social media, which has potential implications on nuclear signaling.     

Tripwires and free-riders: Do forward-deployed U.S. troops reduce the willingness of host-country citizens to fight for their country?

This article investigates the relationship between U.S. overseas troops and the willingness of the citizens of host states to fight for their country. The study joins the long-running debate about burden-sharing and free-riding among U.S. allies. Unlike most previous empirical studies, we focus on non-material or intangible measures of the underlying concepts. Our dependent variable estimates the proportion of citizens expressing a willingness to fight for their country. Scores at the aggregate-national as well as the individual level are shaped by the presence of U.S. military forces, which act as a “tripwire” signaling credible security commitments. This increases opportunities of (non-material) free-riding. We present both bivariate and multivariate analyses covering the period 1981–2014 to test this supposition. Findings indicate that once U.S. troop levels reach a certain threshold (between 100 and 500 troops), citizens’ willingness to fight drops significantly. This likely reflects non-material free-riding.     

基于RTP协议H．264视频流传输QoS保证的研究

提出一个Linux环境下基于RTP/RTCP的H.264视频流传输的方案,在Linux中调用V4L(VideofourLinux)的API函数采集视频流,经X264压缩,RTP/RTCP协议打包进行传输。并通过RTCP的RR(接收方报告)包反馈信息和吞吐量公式来计算近似带宽,以起始帧量化参数start-qp为视频编码的调节参数,由近似带宽来控制视频编码的参数调整,达到控制输出码率的目的,实现对视频传输的QoS(QualityofService)保证。