基于改进NSGA-II的雷达通信一体化信号功率优化设计

为提高雷达通信一体化功率资源的利用率,提出一种OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing正交频分复用)一体化信号功率控制方法。根据OFDM分集特性,建立雷达互信息及通信容量与子载波功率间的多目标函数。通过改进初始种群生成及自适应选择交叉算子提高NSGA-II(Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm)第二代非支配排序遗传算法）的收敛速度。基于改进算法求解多目标函数的非支配解集,确定下一时刻各子载波功率分配策略。仿真证明,在有限的功率资源下自适应分配子载波功率能够提升一体化系统性能。     

数字噪声调频宽带干扰源设计

论述了噪声调频干扰理论，分析了混沌序列的性能，并对其进行了仿真研究，设计了基于混沌伪随机序列调制的数字噪声干扰源，给出了原理样机并得出测试结果。该干扰源具有干扰带宽、干扰中心频率可调、调制噪声带宽可程序控制等特点。     

基于扩展H∞滤波的OFDM自适应盲信道估计算法

针对OFDM系统中的信道估计问题,提出了一种基于扩展H∞滤波的OFDM自适应盲信道估计方法。该方法通过对常规H∞算法进行改进,实现了在OFDM系统中能自适应跟踪信道的变化特征,从而使均方误差的性能随着输入信噪比的增加得到很大的提高。仿真结果也验证了该算法优于卡尔曼和H∞估计算法,具有计算复杂度低,运算量小、收敛速度快、算法灵活等特性。     

混沌序列网形跳频网络同步方案

跳频信号的同步过程是跳频通信系统的关键.针对网形跳频网络中同步难的问题,提出了一种基于混沌序列的动态双频跳频同步方案.该方案采用混沌系统生成分布式跳频序列,同时引入并行解调器结构实现双频跳变的时序控制.仿真结果表明,方案可有效应对慢跳频通信系统中常见的部分频带干扰和强单频干扰,且同步建立过程简单迅速,系统的稳定性和安全...     

多序列跳频在AWGN信道下抗部分频带干扰分析

常规跳频易受跟踪干扰影响,用信道表示信息的多序列跳频系统,具有良好的抗跟踪干扰性能。为检验多序列跳频在非跟踪型干扰下的通信效果,建立了多序列跳频在AWGN信道下的传输模型,分析了多序列跳频抗干扰的原理,研究了噪声环境对多序列跳频抗部分频带干扰性能的影响。理论分析和仿真结果表明,多序列跳频在信噪比为15 dB～30 dB且为最坏部分频带干扰的条件下,误码率为10-5所要求的信干比低于常规跳频2.2 dB～2.31 dB,具有良好的抗部分频带干扰能力。     

基于Logistic映射的混沌序列扩频序列生成算法

直序扩频通信系统中,扩频序列的各项性能指标直接影响到通信系统的扩频增益、抗干扰性能以及多用户复用性能等。混沌序列具有良好的相关性、可重生性等特性,可作为理想的直序扩频码应用于低压电力线通信中。对混沌扩频技术在电力线通信中的应用进行了探讨,提出了一种利用Logistic映射得到大量适用于直序扩频系统的混沌扩频序列的算法,并在Matlab环境下编程实现了该算法。在此基础上分析了所得混沌序列的性能并与M序列、Gold序列加以比较,证明了算法的可行性。     

军用卫星系统中混沌直扩码序列的研究

本文根据单峰映射产生混沌序列极易被攻击的特点,采用高维的混沌系统来设计混沌扩频序列。针对n维非线性数字滤波器产生序列的周期和分布特性,我们在结构上作了相应的设计。产生序列的数值分析表明：其性能与理想随机序列一致,与传统扩频序列相当。由于混沌扩频序列具有周期任意、码族数目多、保密性好等优点,特别适合在军事卫星扩频系统中应用。     

降低OFDM雷达PAPR的SLM改进算法研究

正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)雷达信号具有良好的分辨力和较高的频谱利用率,其中基于混沌二相编码调制的OFDM雷达信号由于具有结构灵活、更优的脉压性能和较强抗干扰能力等优点受到广泛青睐,但是在系统中存在的高峰均比问题使得OFDM雷达在实际应用受到限制。针对各载波不同混沌二相编码序列调制的OFDM雷达信号,提出一种基于混沌粒子群的选择性映射(selective mapping,SLM)算法来降低OFDM雷达信号中的高峰均比问题。实验结果表明:相比于传统SLM算法和基本粒子群SLM算法,基于混沌粒子群的SLM算法在降低OFDM雷达信号的峰均比方面具有更好的效果。     

MIMO多径衰落信道下的多载波混沌键控混沌通信

为提高差分混沌键控的传输效率及其在衰落信道下的传输性能,提出了多载波混沌键控及类差分混沌键控检测方法,发射端每隔M个OFDM符号间隔插入由混沌参考信号构成的"导频",在此间隔内其他M-1个OFDM符号即以此混沌参考信号生成的混沌键控信号,接收端提取"导频"并将之与其他OFDM符号进行相关积分,恢复出M-1比特信息。进一步给出了MIMO多径衰落信道下的多载波混沌键控分集发射与接收方法,发射端采用不同混沌信号以获得一定的发射分集增益,接收端不需要任何信道先验信息,对各天线的相关积分输出进行等增益合并,可获得空间分集增益和频域分集增益。性能分析和计算机仿真表明,在"导频"插入间隔大于2的情况下,多载波混沌键控的功率效率大于差分混沌键控,且传输性能优于差分混沌键控。     

基于Neyman-Pearson准则的自适应门限干扰抑制算法

针对制约变换域通信系统抗干扰性能的门限抑制问题,提出了基于Neyman-Pearson准则的自适应门限干扰抑制算法。从硬件实现角度,通过干扰提取模块和自适应门限比较器,建立干扰抑制系统;根据环境频谱,基于高斯分布和N-sigma原理,确定初始门限和虚警概率;提出了基于Neyman-Pearson准则的自适应门限算法,在约束条件下保证检测概率最大化。仿真结果表明,该自适应门限算法能够有效抑制多音干扰和线性调频干扰,干扰的剔除效果较好;同时具有良好的检测性能,较传统的双门限检测概率提高约3.14%的性能增益。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.