天战威胁正向我们袭来——美国“深度撞击”实验对天战的启示

2005年7月4日美国利用“深度撞击”号探测器击中“坦普尔1号”彗星。表明美国已经把天战从实验室带到战场熏天战的威胁已经走到我们面前,将带来作战形式的变化。下面,笔者谈几点“深度撞击”实验对未来天战的启示。一、太空战略地位日益提高随着空间军事化和商业化的迅猛发展,空间已成为当今维护国家安全和国家利益所必须关注和占据的战略“制高点”。现代战场空间已经从陆海空进一步延伸到外层空间,未来战争将是陆海空天一体化的战争,没有强大的航天力量,不但没有制天权,还将削弱制空权、制海权和制信息权等,最终丧失战争的主动权而难以保…     

适应新军事变革的需要 确立“信息制胜”的指导思想

纵观人类战争的历史长河,物质、能量、信息是构成作战力量的三大基本要素。在工业时代的机械化战争中,物质和能量是主导要素,信息是辅助要素。而在信息时代的信息化战争中,信息则上升为战争的主导要素,物质和能量转变为辅助要素。在信息化战场,战争不是为了获取或摧毁对方的财力或军力,而是为了掠取对方的信息。信息空间行动自由权广泛制约着陆、海、空、天等诸战场空间的行动自由权。没有“制信息权”,就没有制陆权、制海权、制空权。这就要求我们必须把“信息制胜”作为军事斗争的指导思想,把保持和夺取“制信息权”作为夺取制陆权、制海…     

认知域的公域特性及其关键技术

伴随着"认知域"作战概念被引入军事领域,现代战场已经形成了物理域、信息域、认知域三大作战维度。认知域已经成为美国战略空间拓展的主要战场之一。按照习主席关于要打好意识形态领域"制脑权"战争的思想,更需要重视认知域的攻防,研究相关技术,才能在没有硝烟的战场上不落下风。     

认知域的公域特性及其关键技术

伴随着“认知域”作战概念被引入军事领域，现代战场已经形成了物理域、信息域、认知域三大作战维度。认知域已经成为美国战略空间拓展的主要战场之一。按照习主席关于要打好意识形态领域“制脑权”战争的思想，更需要重视认知域的攻防，研究相关技术，才能在没有硝烟的战场上不落下风。     

国家安全视角下军队院校提升学员认知域作战能力的策略思考

在信息化、数字化、智能化战争时代,军队面临新型战争形态威胁与挑战的时代课题。本文介绍了军队院校进行“战略性复合型”人才培养提前布局的战略考量。面向军校学员反混合战争作战能力映射生成需求,围绕新域作战中涉及的非传统国家安全问题,设计了“全源认知感知、全维认知融合、全域认知攻防”新型作战能力培养的实践向度,从“培养瞭望总体国家安全的跨域洞察思维、提升面向学科交叉和军事应用的战斗能力、练好善于释放和拨开战争迷雾的打赢本领”角度介绍了具体的培养策略。本文基于人才培养依托学科建设的战略高度,探讨了认知战归属于“交叉学科”的学科定位,提出了军队院校开展认知战学科建设的展望。     

制脑权视野下的新型网络战——以颜色革命为例

近年来"颜色革命"表明,意识形态领域的斗争以新的科技手段为载体,网络舆论(心理)战作为新型网络战已经打响。以制脑权的视角分析了新型网络战的原理和作用,以及积极利用这一方式扩张霸权的霸权国家,并提出了应对制脑权斗争的思考建议。应对网络舆论战,应以自强为核心,以传媒为手段,以网络为重点,维护战略认知空间的安全。     

网电空间力量军民融合式发展研究

当前,网电空间已经成为信息化条件下的全新战场和战略制高点,是与天空、太空同等重要的国家安全新边疆。胡锦涛同志站在时代发展和战略全局高度,指出网电空间安全直接关系国家战略安全,关系掌握战争的主动权,并明确将网电空间力量作为军队转型建设六种新型作战力量之一加快发展。为贯彻主题主线重要战略思想,     

论国家认知空间安全战略

不同的历史时期和社会发展阶段,国家安全有着不同的内涵、特点和形式.传统的国家安全是建立在自然空间之上的,强调国家的领土、领海、领空、外空等有形空间的安全.当前,随着全媒体时代的到来,特别是新兴社交媒体的发展,在大国之间的政治博弈持续加剧的背景下,人类心理困惑、道德危机、信仰迷失等"认知域症状"不断加剧,这对国家安全构成了严重影响.换而言之,国家安全的范围逐渐由传统的自然空间延伸开来,认知空间日渐成为国家安全的新疆域.     

论信息化条件下军事空间人才的能力及其培养

随着航天技术的兴起及其在军事领域的应用,战场空间得到了极大的延伸,空间已经成为夺取战场主动权的制高点,夺取制天权成为夺取其他制权的先决条件.军事空间人才将在未来信息化战争中发挥重大作用.本文着眼于为满足未来信息化战争需要,军事空间人才应具备的能力素质,研究这些能力的培养对策.     

天战未来可能爆发的新样式战争

世纪之交,随着空间军事化和商业化的迅猛发展,空间已成为当今维护国家安全和国家利益所必须关注和占据的战略“制高点”。现代战场空间已经从陆、海、空进一步延伸到外层空间。未来战争将是陆、海、空、天一体化的战争。     

全球治理视角下奥巴马政府太空战略解读

作为重要的全球公域范围与全球治理对象之一,太空既面临着日益严峻的资源、环境与安全问题,又不断彰显着其极具地缘政治意义的战略地位,攸关国家利益与安全。自进入太空时代以来,争夺和维持太空领域的领先地位一直是美国不懈追求的目标。美国的经济、军事等国家实力越来越依赖太空,同时其太空资产的脆弱性也愈发凸显。面对新的国际国内形势与外空态势的复合挑战,奥巴马政府适时调整了美国的太空战略。文章以全球公域和全球治理为切入视角,在分析太空领域全球治理现状的基础上,从太空活动行为准则的制定、太空国际合作的深入、太空军备竞赛的规制三个层面解读奥巴马政府的新版太空战略,并探讨其深层次的动因与影响,进而为中国参与太空领域的全球治理提供有益的理论支撑与现实参考。     

军事院校推动国家安全教育研究

提出互联网+时代军队院校面临与军队新型作战能力培养有关的国家安全时代课题,从整合新媒体网络资源、依托校园文化平台、构建国家安全教育体系三方面进行了对策分析,重点探索与新军事变革密切相关的"文化安全、军事话语传播、地缘政治"等议题,以学术活动的顶层设计将国家安全教育融入军事院校学员具有中国特色的军事理论创新。     

太空安全监管法律机制刍议

制约太空军备竞赛、防止太空武器化已成为维护太空安全、维持全球战略稳定的一个重要方面。构建与完善包括空间物体登记制度、透明与信任建设机制及核查制度在内的太空安全监管制度,对于消除、缓解国家间误解与紧张关系,促进世界主要国家的信任与合作,维护各国太空活动安全,具有积极作用,不失为一条务实、有效的共同抵制太空武器化的重要路径。     

AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SECURITY POLICIES

This paper analyses public policy choices in the security economy from an economic perspective. It discusses the role of public goods for national and global security and identifies the importance of the first‐ and second‐order indirect effects of insecurity on economic activity, which include the behavioural responses of agents and the government to security measures, akin to such effects in insurance economics. Furthermore, key public policy trade‐offs are outlined, in particular between security and efficiency, globalisation, equity and freedom. The analysis identifies suitable policy options for raising security in the national and international contexts and in view of these trade‐offs. A balance between market and non‐market instruments in achieving security should be aimed for in order to minimise the adverse effects of aiming for higher security. In addition, the public good nature of security implies that international coordination of security policies is important, despite this process being fraught with enforcement problems.     

未来30年太空安全发展趋势及影响

“太空安全战略”专题编者按 组稿专家：杨乐平（国防科技大学空天科学学院教授、博士生导师） 近年来,以美国重建太空司令部与天军独立为标志,国际太空领域战略竞争与军事对抗日益加剧,太空前所未有地应用于军事与安全,太空安全也受到了前所未有的挑战。为了解未来太空安全发展和主要国家太空安全战略动向,深化太空安全战略研究,《国防科技》编辑部于2021年6月启动“太空安全战略”专题征文活动,国内相关学者积极投稿,经专家遴选,本期发表入选稿件6篇。来稿内容涵盖未来30年太空安全发展预测、美国太空安全最新发展、俄罗斯太空安全政策、欧盟太空安全政策、日本太空安全战略以及印度太空力量发展等主题,较为全面地反映了当前国际太空安全领域的最新发展与战略动向。从长远看,随着地球以外人类活动的增加、太空新经济蓬勃发展和太空创造财富规模不断扩大,水平大幅提升,太空将超越陆、海、空成为国家安全最重要的领域。从这个意义上讲,太空安全战略研究学术价值与影响较大,值得高度关注。     

An Evolving View of Warfare: War and Peace and the American Military Profession

The Western way of warfare has not prepared the US Army or American society for appreciating an approach to national security that does not yield decisive and measurable outcomes. This proclivity may have significant consequences given the changing nature of the international security environment in the twenty-first century. In order to preserve national security and global stability, American strategic thinkers must understand the evolution of the national strategic culture. Then adjustments must be made to deal effectively with the challenges of a changed world order. Rather than limiting the use of force to decisive means and outcomes, the American military profession must be seriously prepared for success in less dramatic stability and support missions.     

Multilateral Counter-Insurgency Networks

Postmodern terrorism presents a significant challenge to global security and law enforcement institutions. Non-state actors operating across international borders, engaged in an apparent global insurgency of extremism that transects the traditional boundaries of crime and war, pose significant challenges to both intelligence and law enforcement agencies. These networked global insurgents blend political and religious fanaticism with criminal enterprises to challenge the rule of law and pose an epochal shift in the structures and relations among states. Negotiating this epochal shift requires traditional organs of national security (the diplomatic, military and intelligence services) to forge new partnerships with police and public safety organizations at the state and local (sub-national), as well as transnational levels. Significant operational, policy and cultural challenges must be overcome to forge an effective multi-lateral global network to counter global terrorism and insurgency.     

Leadership and national security: an interrogation of the Boko Haram violence in Nigeria

This study contends that an analysis of the nexus between leadership and security offers useful insights into explaining conflict by stating that the conceptualisation of these argots, especially through the definition of leadership as a process, helps to explain and address Nigeria’s security challenges. By arguing that leaders’ ability to establish mutuality with their followers in any situation and set collectively-generated means for attaining these set goals for societal security, the study shows how such a relationship creates a secured state. This is not the case in Nigeria, where leaders’ security decisions are influenced by external actors rather than by their followers. By showing that the Nigerian ruling elite’s security agendas intersect with dominant global notions of security while neglecting genuine security interests of ordinary Nigerians, the study contextualises the complex global and local security interests in Nigeria. The lack of an intersection at home, however, has contributed to the emergence of extremists such as the Boko Haram sect, as well as the escalation of the acts of violence they perpetrate. As national insecurities become complex and intractable, ‘elegant’ or unilinear solutions – such as a military approach – lack the capacity to address these problems.     

加快推动国防科技和武器装备军民融合发展

国防科技和武器装备领域是军民融合发展的重点,也是衡量军民融合发展水平的重要标志。加快国防科技和武器装备军民融合发展,是保军强军的重要支撑,更关乎国家安全和发展一系列重大问题,必须从战略高度深刻领会其全局意义,以清醒头脑研判国防科技和武器装备军民融合发展形势,用务实举措推动国防科技和武器装备军民融合创新发展。     

Disrupt and restraint: The evolution of cyber conflict and the implications for collective security

In the last decade, cyber conflict has become a main feature of international politics and a growing concern for strategic stability and collective security. Unfortunately, cyber conflict suffers from a lack of conceptual clarity about its impact on collective security and a lack of consensus among international actors on how to interpret it. This article proposes to understand cyber conflict as an evolving process driven by two factors: the way in which digital space is configured and the way in which tactical, organizational, strategic, and doctrinal characteristics related to cyber have been included in the field of national and international security. Both tend to encourage offensive behavior but also demonstrate features pointing to restraint.