125mm坦克炮炮闩抽筒装置故障仿真分析

针对125 mm坦克炮炮闩抽筒装置的常见故障和失效模式,建立了125mm坦克炮炮闩抽筒装置上抽筒子的三维数字模型,并进行了动力学仿真;利用多体动力学仿真方法对抽筒装置的典型故障机理和易损部位的损坏程度进行了分析,得到了其损坏的原因和改良方法;为研究抽筒装置的故障机理提供理论依据,为探索、改进炮闩抽筒装置结构、提高其可靠性开辟了一条新的道路。     

一种楔块式单向超越离合器结构参数优化设计

为优化楔块式单向超越离合器的结构参数,根据漂浮式微型波力发电装置对超越离合器的要求,建立楔块式超越离合器结构参数的数学模型。以体积最小为优化目标,建立接触疲劳强度和各个尺寸的约束条件,并利用Matlab软件的优化工具箱求解数学模型。最后将常规设计参数和优化设计参数进行比较,结果表明:优化设计的体积只有常规设计的72.33%;漂浮式发电装置的传动系统结构更加紧凑,质量更轻。     

基于虚拟样机的炮闩运动学与动力学特性仿真

以某型迫榴炮炮闩为研究对象,基于Pro/E软件和ADAMS软件建立了炮闩虚拟样机。为了逼真地再现炮闩的工作过程,建立了复进过程中作用于后坐部分的驱动力模型、炮闩工作过程中的碰撞力和弹簧力模型。对炮闩的运动学特性以及碰撞过程开闩板与曲柄间的碰撞力、关闭杠杆滑轮与支筒间的碰撞力、关闩簧力和抽筒子压栓簧力进行了动力学仿真。将仿真结果与炮闩的实际工作过程进行对比,验证了虚拟样机的可信性。     

基于改进遗传算法对某自动装弹机减速器的研究

在满足自动装弹机性能的前提下,研究了减速器的最优结构参数组合以及动力学性能。在分析了减速器不同参数对性能的影响后,提出了一种基于遗传算法的改进算法,以中心距最小为优化目标,建议优化数学模型;选取斜齿轮齿根弯曲强度和齿面接触疲劳强度为约束,运用改进遗传算法进行求解,得到最优参数组合。改进遗传算法进行优化,中心距的尺寸相比之前减少了9.59%;基于优化后的结果,随着减速器输出端负载的增加而振动变弱,其最大值仅为负载为500 N时的1/8。结果表明利用改进后的遗传算法可以有效地解决自动装弹机减速器结构优化问题,为以后的工程图设计提供依据。     

含气膜孔涡轮叶片寿命可靠性设计优化中的网格参数化方法

为了自动实现含气膜孔涡轮叶片寿命的可靠性设计优化,减少其有限元计算时间成本,提出了含气膜孔涡轮叶片的非结构局部网格参数化方法.该网格参数化方法将叶片划分为参数化区域和非参数化区域,分别设计非参数化区域的网格以及参数化区域的网格控制点,更新气膜孔的形状和位置后,保持非参数化区域的网格不变,重构参数化区域的网格.相比于结构...     

基于改进连通区域标记的跳频信号分选识别北大核心

针对小型无人机在复杂电磁环境下难以识别的问题,提出了基于改进连通区域标记的跳频信号估计与分选方法。首先,采用基于局部窗口的能量门限统计法,在信号时频域去噪;接着,对常规连接区域标记法进行改进,设计了新的连接区域片段关联和干扰抑制方法,解决连接区域断裂和干扰混合的问题;然后,针对多跳频信号混合情况,利用时频幅度差异重建连接区域;最后,根据改进的连通区域标记图进行参数抽取和信号分选识别。仿真结果显示,在噪声、干扰和多跳频信号混叠环境下,信号参数估计精度和目标信号的正确识别概率均明显高于常规连通区域标记方法。     

某供弹机构现存问题动力学分析及参数优化探讨

介绍了环形杠杆供弹机构的工作原理及其在实际使用中常见的问题,建立了机构的动力学模型,对模型进行动态求解,模拟了机构的工作过程。借助求解结果,针对问题产生的原因进行了动力学分析,在理论上找到了问题产生的根源。在此基础上建立了机构的最优化数学模型,给出了优化方案,最后对优化方案和现有结构进行了比较。     

强载柴油机排烟管动力学特性有限元分析及改进

针对某强载柴油主机排烟管多次发生断裂故障的现象,对不被充分关注的排烟管动力学特性和疲劳断裂问题进行了研究.采用热-应力直接耦合场有限元方法,完成了排烟管稳态热负荷下振动模态、振动应力分布及其危险截面疲劳安全系数的计算,确定了薄弱环节.从改变约束条件和改进工艺的角度提出并校核了改进方案,改进试用后,未再发生疲劳断裂问题.     

一种六足军用机器人行走机构的设计与优化

基于契贝谢夫连杆机构建立了一种六足机器人行走机构的模型,并给出了该模型的参数约束方程以及参数优化方案。通过对该行走机构的结构改进,进一步增强了行走机构的强度和运动平稳性。该优化设计方法对足式机器人的工程实践具有参考价值。     

滑翔式高超声速目标可达区域计算方法北大核心

针对滑翔式高超声速目标能够利用强大的横向机动能力形成较大的可达区域的特点,着眼于系统阐述这类问题的解决方案,研究了几种可达区域计算方法。首先建立了滑翔式高超声速目标的三自由度动力学模型,并给出再入过程必须满足的相关约束。然后详细论述了轨迹优化、再入走廊规划、常倾侧角和近似椭圆拟合4种滑翔式高超声速目标可达区域计算方法,给出了几种方法具体的实现流程,并对方法的不足进行改进。通过算例仿真,对几种可达区域计算方法的优缺点与应用特点进行了比较分析。最后,以轨迹优化方法为例,分析了可达区域动态变化情况,验证方法的完备性和动态适应性。     

某型自行加榴炮抽筒过程动力学分析

分析了某型自行加榴炮钢质药筒不抽筒产生的原因,简述了火炮抽筒机构改进的措施,建立了抽筒过程的动力学方程,分别对四种方案进行了计算。     

Strain concentration caused by the closed end contributes to cartridge case failure at the bottom

Ruptures at the bottom of cartridges are a common cause of failure of ammunitions, which directly threatens the safety of weapons and shooters. Based on plastic tube theory, this study analyses the radial and axial deformation of a cartridge, considering the radial constraint of the closed end at the bottom of the cartridge. Owing to the influence of the closed end, the bottom of a cartridge does not establish complete contact with the chamber. Owing to strain concentration in the non-contact area, this area is more amenable to the occurrence of cartridge rupture. This theory predicts the location of the fracture more accurately than the traditional theory. The maximum axial deformation of a cartridge comprises bending and friction deformation. The maximum strain at the bottom of the cartridge increased by 135% owing to the introduction of bending strain caused by the closed end. The strain distribution of a cartridge was measured using digital image correlation technology, and the measured result was consistent with the predicted results of the bending deformation theory and rupture case. The effects of wall thickness, radial clearance, friction coefficient, and axial clearance on the axial deformation of the cylinder were studied. Increasing the wall thickness and reducing radial clearance were found to reduce bending deformation; furthermore, lubrication and reduction in axial clearance reduce frictional deformation, which in turn reduce cartridge rupture.     

稳态随机过程激励下基于首次超越破坏的结构优化设计

把结构系统动力可靠性分析与最优化设计结合起来 ,以结构系统的最小质量为目标函数 ,给出了考虑在平稳随机过程激励下多自由度线性系统总的可靠性的结构优化设计方法。运用谱分析理论 ,推导了结构系统在平稳随机过程激励下响应的统计特征 ,同时结合首次超越破坏的Possion模型计算结构系统的可靠性 ,最终采用广义乘子法得到结构系统设计变量的最优值。计算结果表明该方法是可行的     

钢质药筒抽筒阻力的理论计算公式

某型自行火炮采用封闭式药仓,使用钢质药筒,要求抽筒率达到百分之百。但由于该炮膛压较高,使得钢质药筒的变形加大,不抽筒率超标严重。通过建立钢质药筒抽筒阻力的理论计算公式,求出了药筒与药室之间的接触压力和抽筒阻力,与实验结果比较,符合较好。为修改火炮结构,提高抽筒率提供了一条理论依据。     

排烟口设计对排烟效果影响的研究

排烟口是火灾发生时烟气排出的出口,排烟口高度和位置对排烟效果具有重要影响。运用FDS数值模拟方法,以实验台为依据建立数值模型,针对排烟口高度和排烟口位置的改变对排烟效果的影响进行分析,结果表明:随着排烟口高度的升高,各种排烟风速下的排烟效果都得到了改善。在排烟口风速较高的情况下,排烟口的高度变化对烟气溢出厚度的影响更大,采用大风速的控烟效果要优于小风速。侧排方式的排烟效果低于顶排方式,远壁排烟方式要优于近壁排烟方式。     

带渐变过渡型提取结构的Ku波段磁绝缘线振荡器

提出了一种渐变过渡型的微波同轴提取结构,解决了采用传统的均匀同轴提取结构的Ku波段磁绝缘线振荡器中存在的输出模式不纯和TEM模传输效率较低的问题。模拟结果表明,渐变过渡型提取结构实现了微波的高效提取和单一的同轴TEM模输出;过渡后的同轴结构利于支撑杆的设计,满足了同轴TEM模的传输要求。与传统的均匀同轴提取结构相比,渐变过渡型提取结构能够适量提高器件的品质因数,进而加强束波作用,加快微波起振。     

某型飞机平尾轴疲劳断裂失效分析

采用台架试验装置对某型飞机平尾轴进行了疲劳试验,通过断口的观察分析、断口部位的金相分析、硬度检测、有限元结构应力分析,确定了平尾轴的失效模式,并对其断裂失效原因进行了分析。结果表明：平尾轴的断裂性质为疲劳断裂,裂纹源均起源于大轴简体内壁加工刀痕形成的沟槽处,变截面圆弧造成的结构应力集中和粗糙加工刀痕形成的附加应力集中是造成大轴疲劳断裂的主要原因。关键词：平尾轴;疲劳断裂;失效分析;应力集中     

某型车辆扭力轴疲劳断裂失效分析

某型车辆扭力轴在端部附近易发生早期疲劳断裂失效。通过断口分析、金相分析等方法研究了扭力轴的失效机理,并通过有限元建模进行了扭力轴的结构应力分析。结果表明:扭力轴端部存在疲劳断裂危险面,以及次表层蕴含大尺寸夹杂是扭力轴失效的主要原因。     

Reliability growth of repairable systems

This paper considers the problem of modeling the reliability of a repairable system or device that is experiencing reliability improvement. Such a situation arises when system failure modes are gradually being corrected by a test-fix-test-fix procedure, which may include design changes. A dynamic reliability model for this process is discussed and statistical techniques are derived for estimating the model parameters and for testing the goodness-of-fit to observed data. The reliability model analyzed was first proposed as a graphical technique known as Duane plots, but can also be viewed as a nonhomogeneous Poisson process with a particular mean value function.     

Research on the intermediate phase of 40CrMnSiB steel shell under different heat treatments

In this study, 40CrMnSiB steel cylindrical shells were tempered at 350, 500 and 600 ℃ to study the effect of tempering temperature on the dynamic process of expansion and fracture of the metal shell. A mid-explosion recovery experiment for the metal cylinder under internal explosive loading was designed, and the wreckage of the casings at the intermediate phase was obtained. The effects of different tempering temperatures on the macroscopic and microscopic fracture characteristics of 40CrMnSiB steel were studied. The influence of tempering temperatures on the fracture characteristic parameters of the recovered wreckage were measured and analyzed, including the circumferential divide size, the thick-ness and the number of the circumferential divisions. The results show that as the tempering temper-ature was increased from 350 to 600 ℃, at first, the degree of fragmentation and the fracture characteristic parameters of the recovered wreckage changed significantly and then became essentially consistent. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed flow-like structure characteristics caused by adiabatic shear on different fracture surfaces. At the detonation initiation end of the casing, fracturing was formed by tearing along the crack, which existed a distance from the initiation end and propagated along the axis direction. In contrast, the fracturing near the middle position consists of a plurality of radial shear fracture units. The amount of alloy carbide that was precipitated during the tempering process increased continuously with tempering temperature, leading to an increasing number of spherical carbide particles scattered around the fracture surface.