视频传感器覆盖范围精细化计算方法

视频传感器覆盖范围计算是视频传感器网络初始配置、优化部署等的核心基础,其精度严重影响覆盖分析的结果,然而现有很多方法并未考虑计算方法执行效率与精度的影响,而方法的精度与效率在大范围监控视频覆盖分析应用中显得尤为重要。因此,提出一种兼顾速度与精度的视频传感器覆盖范围计算方法,将地理空间进行格网化;计算每个格网角点被视频传感器覆盖的状况,用0或1表示;接着,以格网四个角点的覆盖情况描述格网的覆盖情况,将格网分为16种覆盖状态;逐步细化整个格网覆盖状态非(0000)和(1111)的格网,直至达到预设精度;获得视频传感器的覆盖范围。实验结果表明,该方法能够更为精确地获得部署在地理场景中视频传感器的覆盖范围,同时兼顾了计算方法的速度和精度。     

基于多边形布尔运算的卫星区域覆盖分析算法

传统网格点法计算卫星区域覆盖性能的精度受网格大小影响且效率低,为此提出了一种基于多边形布尔运算的新算法。算法在计算卫星覆盖带与待分析区域相交多边形的基础上,基于多边形交、差运算,将覆盖多边形分解为具有单一覆盖属性的组成部分;将分解结果三角化后利用球面三角形面积公式计算面积;最后统计面积以计算覆盖率,并设计实现了分类统计方式和可视化表现方法。与传统网格点法相比,该算法覆盖率计算结果稳定,不受类似网格大小之类因素影响,在接近精度情况下效率比网格点法提高约20倍。     

非迭代的波速未知声发射定位算法

为了提高声发射源定位精度,提出了一种速度未知条件下的定位新算法。该定位算法基于INGLADA算法,先将传感器组成的非线性定位方程组变换成一个线性方程组,再用一元三次方程直接计算出速度,并获得定位结果。然后,利用Matlab工具进行二维算法的有效性测试和健壮性测试,结果表明该算法可以有效解决平面定位问题,算法的精度与时间差的精度以及传感器的布置方式有关。最后,进行了油罐底板断铅测试,证明了该算法可以有效定位,且精度较高。     

异构无人平台不规则区域协同侦察部署方法

针对未来无人化陆战场有人/无人混合编队中异构平台携带多型侦察装备的协同侦察部署问题,提出自适应粒子群-区域最优匹配（PSO-ROM）算法。采用参数自适应和局部变异方法对粒子群优化算法进行改进,并对异构平台中探测性能最优的多个同类型传感器进行优化部署;针对异构平台中的多个其他类型传感器,采用区域最优匹配算法,依次对尚未覆盖的空白区域进行优化部署,直至达到侦察部署目标。实验结果表明,采用PSO-ROM算法进行异构传感器不规则区域部署时,算法执行时间相对于传统粒子群算法平均缩短91%,覆盖率平均提升14.9%,各节点移动距离平均缩短0.65 km。采用PSO-ROM算法开展重要区域的多频谱覆盖时,雷达波段、可见光波段和红外波段的平均覆盖率分别为91.0%、94.3%和96.1%。当覆盖比F达到1.2时,待部署传感器资源的利用率已接近饱和,再增加更多的传感器资源将不会对覆盖率产生明显的改善效果。     

比例最小偏度单形UKF的RBF神经网络算法

为提高RBF神经网络的建模性能,提出一种基于改进无迹Kalman滤波(UKF)的RBF神经网络训练算法。在该算法中,首先将比例最小偏度单形Sigma点采样策略引入UT,以有效改进UKF,提升其计算效率,然后利用改进的UKF优化估计RBF神经网络的最优参数。仿真结果表明,改进的UKF比EKF具有更高的RBF神经网络模型训练精度,与传统UKF的模型精度大体相当,但速度更快,计算效率更高。     

无线传感器网络中保证覆盖的最少节点部署

无线传感器网络的能量消耗是空间不均匀的,但当前多数的部署方法考虑得较少,网络的能量利用率低,因此提出了保证覆盖率和网络生存期的最少节点部署问题.基于传感器网络的数据传输特性,从提高能量效率和降低剩余能量的角度提出了节点数递减的重叠放置方法和节点密度递减的随机部署方法.两种新部署方法比已有部署方法需要的节点数少,剩余能量低,因而提高了能量利用率.最后,仿真实验表明,两种新部署策略的能量效率是已有方法的3～4倍.     

一种基于虚拟力的视频摄像头优化布置方法

为了提高视频摄像头网络的覆盖率,首先在传统虚拟力方法的基础上,给出了未覆盖区域对摄像头探测扇形区域几何中心引力的定义;然后,将视频摄像头网络总覆盖率作为目标函数,建立了有障碍情况下探测盲区节点的判别数学表达式。由于迭代优化过程与总覆盖率直接关联,克服了迭代优化过程不易收敛的难题,有效地提高了视频摄像头网络的探测效率。实验证明:所提出的视频摄像头优化布置方法能够有效地提高大空间有遮挡物情况下的视频监测覆盖率,对于大空间视频监控、视频火灾探测中的摄像头优化布置提供了一种有效的计算方法,具有一定的工程实用价值。     

视频编码标准H．264运动矢量搜索算法

高清视频的信息量巨大，传输比较困难。 H．264作为视频压缩的主流标准，可以有效去除视频的冗余信息，提高视频的网络传输能力。针对H．264中运动估计算法耗时严重的问题，提出一种新的X型搜索算法。 X型算法由粗到细地进行搜索，先以X型快速搜索确定运动矢量的可能范围，然后在可能范围内进行局部全搜索，最终确定运动矢量。试验结果表明，X型搜索能够在保证视频质量的情况下大幅度缩短编码时间，有效提高运动估计算法的效率，兼顾了速度与精度，为高清视频的实时传输提供了保障。     

有源干扰条件下基于NSGA-II的雷达网优化部署方法

雷达网的部署状态直接影响着网络的覆盖能力,尤其是在雷达辐射轨迹受到外力干扰条件下,对网络节点的优化部署更具意义。雷达对部署的任务区域有一定的能量覆盖,不同的任务区也具有不同的重要级别,在不针对特定任务的前提下,实现全方位全纵深的预警能力,雷达网的部署起着至关重要的作用。本文根据覆盖系数和重叠系数为主要优化目标,基于NSGA-II算法进行多目标优化。文章首先定义了覆盖系数和全局重叠系数两个指标,尤其是全局重叠系数打破了以往重叠系数的概念,从全局出发引导雷达网优化部署;同时,提出基于NSGA-II的多目标优化部署算法,采用诱导跳跃、基因到位、诱导交叉等候选解生成方式,保持种群多样性,提高算法收敛性。实验表明,部署优化算法耗时较低,不同干扰源部署态势使网络节点部署产生较大差异,多样的候选解生成方法明显提高了算法的收敛速度。     

极区格网导航在大圆航行中的应用

为了克服因极区地理经线快速收敛而产生的惯导系统无法准确定位的难题,对极区格网导航在大圆航行中的应用进行了研究,提出将过大圆顶点的子午线作为格网北的极区格网导航方法,根据格网北进行了航向推算,分别对大圆顶点相对于大圆端点对称的特殊情况以及大圆顶点相对于大圆端点非对称的常规情况进行了航向推算,并分析了航向误差产生的原因。理论分析证明该方法能够为船舶高纬度航行提供准确的位置信息。     

多传感器优化布站及管理算法研究

在多传感器优化布站和传感器管理算法研究中 ,提出了传感器覆盖系数和火力通道覆盖系数两个新概念 ,并据此给出了传感器优化布站原则 ,然后针对防空导弹武器系统所面临的各种复杂环境 ,对各种传感器管理算法进行了探讨。     

多UAV协同区域覆盖侦察方法

针对多UAV对未知区域的协同覆盖侦察问题,提出了将STC算法与在线局部调整策略相结合的区域覆盖侦察方法.通过建立无重叠覆盖区域的闭合路径,最小化了重复侦察区域,缩短了任务执行时间;通过在线局部调整保证了只要有一架UAV不出现故障,侦察任务就可以正常进行.仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效解决多UAV协同区域覆盖侦察问题,方法...     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.