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The special operations forces (SOF) of the industrial democracies have suddenly and rapidly grown in numbers and resources during the past decades. Most explanations for this growth focus on factors external to the armed forces. We argue that the enlargement of SOF is also the result of internal organizational dynamics. First, we compare SOF to other units and military appendages that have grown over the past 30 years in order to delineate what is unique to their development and the special adaptive potential they bring to the armed forces: generalized specialization, boundary spanning roles, and enlargement of military autonomy. Second, we analyze the actions of internal military entrepreneurs and their organizational mentors to show how they use this adaptive potential to “sell” the use of SOF to key policy-makers and decision-makers. 相似文献
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B.K. GREENER-BARCHAM 《Small Wars & Insurgencies》2013,24(1):90-112
Some scholars would have us believe that the distinctions between military and policing roles, methods and objectives have become increasingly blurred by the security demands of a post-Cold War and post-11 September global and domestic order. This article explores the current state of the police–military divide through a conceptual and case study analysis. It concludes that, in this case, there is some conflation occurring at a macro-level as international and domestic affairs have become increasingly indistinct, but the article also demonstrates that the actual ethos and practice of these agencies still differs strongly. Most importantly, the article argues that this distinction is in fact a very useful one in planning for future peace support operations 相似文献
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Niccolò Petrelli 《Small Wars & Insurgencies》2013,24(1):56-73
In the course of the 2006 Lebanon War the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) employed special operations forces (SOF) for raids against Hizb'allah's command and control structure. This article argues that a faulty conceptualization of the value of special operations and misguided expectations determined by the new IDF concept of operations impacted adversely on the employment of SOF for this kind of operations. Both these elements contributed in turn to substantially degrade SOF performance in the context of the war. 相似文献
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Audrey Kurth Cronin 《战略研究杂志》2013,36(2):174-197
AbstractThe war on al-Qaeda and its affiliates appears to be endless but every war must end. Winding down the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq has been difficult, but both were embedded in what was then called the ‘war on terrorism.’ What does ‘success’ in that war mean? With the death of bin Laden and the increase in drone operations, how far is the US from achieving it? Can this war end? The article analyzes the ongoing US response to the 9/11 attacks in historical context, revealing four patterns common to all prolonged wars: means become ends, tactics become strategy, boundaries are blurred, and the search for a perfect peace replaces reality. It concludes by laying out an effective strategy for ending the war. 相似文献
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C4ISR联合仿真演练系统体系框架研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
构造联合战役条件下C4ISR综合性能仿真系统是目前C4ISR领域中最重要的应用之一.以网络中心战为背景,以C4ISR体系对抗为中心,构建了联合战役条件下的C4ISR联合仿真演练系统概念框架.基于导调评估层、实装层、代理层及仿真成员层四层架构了系统体系框架,并对各层的含义、主要作用及相互关系进行了剖析.同时借鉴开发与运行过程(FEDEP)概念,从制定仿真想定、联邦开发、生成脚本、集成及测试联邦、联邦运行、系统评估六个步骤论述了系统开发和运行的一般过程.最后结合实际开发及应用对该框架的实用性及后续工作进行了分析. 相似文献
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C~4ISR需求过程概念 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了规范C4ISR需求工程中的实践活动,提出C4ISR 需求过程的概念.首先,根据C4ISR 需求涉及的作战领域、功能领域、技术领域,将C4ISR 需求划分为能力需求、系统需求和技术需求.然后,定义C4ISR 需求过程的概念,提出由需求领域、需求开发、需求管理构成的三维的C4ISR需求过程框架,需求开发活动包括需求采集、需求建模、需求检验和需求生成,需求管理活动包括关系管理、变更管理和版本管理.最后,给出C4ISR需求过程在C4ISR系统全生命周期各阶段中的实施,说明了其重要性. 相似文献
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针对无人机保障条件下的炮兵指挥自动化(C4ISR)系统的作战运用特点,运用模糊理论探索其作战效能评估的有效方法.综合运用模糊综合评判和层次分析法(AHP)两种决策方法对无人机保障条件下的炮兵C4ISR系统的作战效能进行了评估,评估结果表明,无人机保障条件下的炮兵C4ISR系统的作战效能水平为正常.通过对影响炮兵C4ISR系统作战效能发挥的各个因素进行定量分析比较,认为当用无人机来保障炮兵C4ISR系统时,应当把确保系统的稳定性和提高无人机与炮兵C4ISR系统之间的通信控制能力作为重要环节来抓. 相似文献
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C4ISR系统军事需求描述概念模型在C4ISR需求建模中具有重要地位.概要分析了C2过程模型,提出C4ISR系统军事需求描述的概念模型--分为"客体"、"主体"和"建模"三个部分,给出了军事需求描述常用概念、术语的定义,通过C4ISR系统军事需求描述概念模型说明了这些概念和术语的相互关系,给出了C4ISR系统军事需求描述的基本要求;示例说明了概念模型的合理性. 相似文献
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真正的"C4ISR需求"只存在于人脑里,通过有效的模型表述C4ISR需求是C4ISR需求分析的关键。首先,分析C4ISR需求的内涵,提出C4ISR需求体系的概念,给出C4ISR需求模型化思路。然后,分析C4ISR需求模型要素,在此基础上针对C4ISR需求主要相关问题设计了C4ISR需求模型。最后,提出基于要素构建C4ISR需求模型的流程。澄清了"需要什么C4ISR需求模型"和"如何构建C4ISR需求模型"的问题,为科学的建立C4ISR需求模型提供了方法支持。 相似文献
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如何获得完整、准确的需求文档以及如何提高需求描述的重用性一直是C4ISR系统需求研究的重点,是C4ISR需求工程研究的重要组成部分.从研究C4ISR需求文档的现状出发,提出了基于组件的C4ISR系统需求开发方法,即将组件化封装、重用的思想引入到C4ISR系统需求的开发.对C4ISR需求组件体系的外部结构和内部结构进行了研究,并对需求组件的重用性进行了研究,给出了基于组件的C4ISR系统需求开发过程框架.该方法提高了需求的可用性和重用性,为撰写高质量的C4ISR需求文档提供了一条有效的途径. 相似文献
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针对C4ISR需求客观上复杂且特殊、主观上难沟通等特点导致C4ISR需求开发难的问题,研究C4ISR需求本体,提出开发C4ISR需求的一条新途径:基于本体建模。首先,构建C4ISR需求本体元模型、语义模型,很大程度上澄清了C4ISR需求领域知识结构;然后,提出基于本体建立C4ISR需求模型的具体步骤;最后,示例说明方法的可行性、有效性,展示了方法的应用前景。 相似文献
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Patrick Porter 《Small Wars & Insurgencies》2014,25(3):685-695
This article reflects on a decade of British counterinsurgency operations. Questioning the idea that lessons have been learnt, the paper challenges the assumptions that are being used to frame future strategic choice. Suggesting that defence engagement is primarily focused on optimising overseas interventions while avoiding a deeper strategic reassessment about whether the UK should be undertaking these sorts of activities, the article calls for a proper debate on Britain's national security interests. 相似文献