网络中心联合潜艇与远程导弹突袭航母战法*

运用潜艇和远程导弹联合作战形成的信息与火力联合打击优势来开发突袭航母战斗群的战法是联合作战研究中尚未解决的关键问题之一,根据信息作战、网络中心战和海上游击战原理,分别利用潜艇获取目标位置信息优势和远程导弹对目标打击火力优势,通过海上游击战战法,运用在以卫星为平台的网络中心环境中形成的信息与火力联合打击能力,实施对航母战斗群的突袭,对一个典型实例的初步试验及分析结果表明:与潜艇侦察目标能力有关的正确发现目标概率和评估远程导弹打击目标效果概率以及与远程导弹打击能力有关的命中目标概率对信息与火力联合打击能力的影响分别为20.79%、22.57%和20.20%%,是成功突袭航母战斗群的最重要的因素,而网络中心联合潜艇与远程导弹突袭航母则是充分发挥潜艇和远程导弹综合优势的科学战法。     

光学成像侦察卫星作战效能分析

为支持航天装备体系作战效能评估,建立了光学成像侦察卫星性能指标与卫星发现目标概率和定位精度的关系以及信息处理与传递模型.以支持导弹打击大型移动目标为例,以命中目标概率为作战效能指标,建立了光学成像侦察卫星作战效能模型.对模型进行了仿真,分析了影响卫星作战效能的主要因素.仿真结果表明所建模型能够合理反映光学成像侦察卫星对作战结果的影响,可用于从顶层分析航天装备.     

反舰导弹攻击小目标射击精度评估与使用

反舰导弹作为现代海战的主要作战,打击在海上活动的快艇目标,是其需要担负的基本作战任务.但是使用反舰导弹攻击快艇小目标,一直是反舰导弹战斗使用中的难题之一.基于反舰导弹的最新发展技术,从分析影响反舰导弹打击小目标效能的主要因素着手,提出了反舰导弹打击小目标的射击效能模型,对反舰导弹打击小目标的命中精度问题和具体使用方法进行研究.建模仿真和数值分析计算表明,如果反舰导弹的制导控制性能较好,只要使用方法得当,导弹具备较强的攻击小目标能力.     

导弹打击三角形目标命中概率计算方法

对目标的命中概率计算问题是导弹火力运用中的基本问题,而复杂面目标可以分解成多个三角形目标。以数值积分法为基础,利用圆覆盖函数的计算方法,推导了导弹打击三角形目标命中概率的计算公式,提出了利用高斯-勒让德积分法进行积分计算的方法,并通过算例证明,该计算方法在命中概率问题的求解中具有更高的可靠性和精度。算法可应用于计算任意多边形目标的命中概率计算问题,具有一定的通用性。     

太空信息在海军远洋精确打击作战中的应用

海军远洋精确打击作战是海上作战的重要方式,深入研究海军远洋精确打击作战行动,分析海军远洋精确打击作战准备阶段、目标快速识别、导弹发射突防、精确击中目标和作战效果评估的全过程,从"太空传感器—各级海上用户"的角度分析太空信息支援,提出太空信息为海军远洋精确打击作战目标实时监视、信息快速传输、精确导航定位和战场环境保障提供若干支持,为提升基于网络信息体系的海军远洋精确打击作战能力提供理论支撑。     

常规导弹联合火力打击统一分配模型

研究了常规导弹参与联合作战过程中目标与火力的统一分配问题。假设在同一波次打击内,同一弹型导弹携带固定战斗部打击同一类型目标,它的突防概率、命中概率和毁伤概率不变;所有打击同一目标的不同弹型导弹的打击都是相互独立的,对不同目标的打击也是相互独立的。在此基础上,建立了常规导弹联合火力打击的目标与火力弹型、火力发射单位之间的统一分配模型。     

攻击机对防空导弹的毁伤效能研究

以对防空导弹雷达的杀伤概率作为攻击机对防空导弹的毁伤效能指标,分析了攻击机利用反辐射导弹和辐射源定位/攻击两种方式打击敌方防空导弹雷达的作战过程.针对两种打击方式分别给出了其相应的杀伤概率模型.最后,举出示例,具体分析了影响反辐射导弹杀伤概率、攻击机发现目标概率和进入目标概率的各种主要因素.     

基于公式法的某型水陆坦克海上火力打击效能

针对某型水陆坦克火力威力和火控系统特点,运用定性与定量分析相结合的方式,研究水陆坦克的火力打击效能。运用公式法,从分析某型水陆坦克海上射击误差入手,结合海上作战环境,研究其命中概率,并结合环境特点,分析条件毁伤概率,确定其对M60A3坦克和工事目标的火力打击的能力,得出了水陆坦克的开火距离、弹种选择等相关结果。研究结论对于分析火力打击效能提供了较为合理的方法,对于指导某型水陆坦克海上火力运用提供了借鉴作用。     

移动平台基线精度及其命中概率仿真研究

为了优化移动平台基线修正的精度指标,首先推导了由基线测量误差引起的目标现在点定位误差计算公式,进而得到了基线测量误差影响下的系统命中概率计算公式．理论分析与Monte—Carlo仿真表明,与移动平台间的基线测量精度相比,目标观测设备相对移动平台的基线测量精度对命中概率的影响更加显著．     

舰载电磁轨道炮作战使用问题的思考

针对舰载电磁轨道炮的性能特点,从直接动能毁伤、预制破片/子母弹毁伤方面对电磁轨道炮的命中毁伤机理进行了分析;结合电磁轨道炮在海军装备体系中的定位,对其承担的海上防空反导、打击临近空间目标、打击岸上目标与打击海上目标等任务的打击环节进行了分析,提出了舰载电磁轨道炮作战使用构想;在作战模式的基础上,从目标探测、指挥控制以及远程目标指示三方面对电磁轨道炮的信息保障需求进行了分析,提出了相关建议,为电磁轨道炮的研制提供了技术支撑。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.