预防周期不同的最佳系统预防性维修优化模型

建立了一种系统预防维修周期优化模型,该模型不但考虑到系统预防维修时各周期不同的情况,而且还充分考虑到预防维修可以提高系统生产效益的同时,其故障率会随着维修次数的增加而上升,引入役龄回退因子对预防维修活动前后系统性能的动态变化进行了描述。重点研究了系统在不同预防周期条件下的总维修费用随预防维修次数的变化,并与预防维修周期相同时的情况进行了比较。实例验证了该优化模型的正确性与可用性。     

遗传算法的预防性维修周期优化方法

考虑到预防维修可以提高系统生产效益的同时,故障率会随着维修次数的增加而上升,引入役龄回退因子对预防维修活动前后系统性能的动态变化进行描述;而且还充分考虑到系统预防维修周期随维修次数的变化情况,建立了系统预防维修周期优化模型,并将改进后的遗传算法运用于模型的优化求解.重点研究了系统总效益随预防维修次数的变化率, 从而有效地帮助决策者判定系统何时进行更新替换.     

可靠度限制下相控阵雷达天线阵面T/R单元维修模型

为了描述维修活动对相控阵雷达天线阵面系统的影响，构建了以可靠度为基础的“修旧不如新”定期维修优化模型。对相控阵雷达T/R单元失效下的天线性能参数进行分析，根据指标确定系统不能正常工作的失效T/R单元阈值; 针对大部分维修活动都难以使T/R单元修复如新的事实，引入失效率递增因子，在系统一定的可靠度水平上，以相控阵雷达系统的使用可用度和维修费用率为优化决策参数，建立了系统的维修优化模型，并运用边际效能算法对系统的最佳预防换件维修周期和换件维修组数量进行求解。实例运算结果表明,该模型突破了已有模型“修旧如新”的限制条件，更符合实际，能为维修策略的制定提供理论依据。     

预防性维修工作组合优化

针对单部件的维修间隔期无法反映系统的维修最佳间隔期这一问题,对装备各部件在各修理级别上的预防性维修任务组合情况进行探索.通过建立费用模型、可用度和风险模型作为决策模型,用以组合某一修理级别各部件的维修工作,得出系统预防性维修间隔期,并结合部队实际优化从系统的角度优化等级维修中的维修工作间隔期,为确定大中小修工作提供科学、合理的理论指导.该算法在区分各修理级别的维修能力的基础上,能较好地对各修理级别的维修工作组合情况进行了优化,实例验证了模型的实用性和有效性.     

多任务条件下地空导弹武器装备视情维修策略

针对地空导弹武器装备传统的维修方案难以预防装备故障的问题,提出采用视情维修策略,首先扩展了视情维修模型的研究范围,假设系统寿命服从威布尔分布,其次,给出了三种维修方案,在此基础上以系统可靠性最优为目标,建立了视情维修模型.仿真算例说明了该方法的可行性.     

地空导弹维修保障能力评估与备件优化模型

地空导弹武器系统维修保障能力评估与备件优化是制定维修保障方案的重要内容,能够对平时和战时防空作战任务的维修保障产生重大影响.运用更新过程理论,给出了部件寿命服从指数分布和威布尔分布情况下,单部件和多个同种部件的备件满足率模型.在备件满足率模型的基础上,结合地空导弹装备和部件任务结构关系,得到了系统任务成功概率评估模型.在满足任务成功概率与备件费用约束条件下,建立了系统备件携行量优化模型,用边际分析法进行了求解.通过实例验证,得到了满意的结果.该模型已经应用于某地空导弹使用阶段综合保障信息系统.     

装备集群预防性维修计划的粒子群仿真优化

针对同类装备构成的集群预防性维修计划问题,综合考虑了装备的使用和维修过程,分析了装备动用与维修计划之间的相互关系,刻画了装备使用和维修的触发机制,提出了一个包含离散事件仿真和粒子群优化算法的混合模型,并描述了模型的结构和数学表示。该模型基于离散事件仿真对给定的预防性维修计划进行评估,并以该评估值为基础利用粒子群演化进行优化,从而通过多次迭代进化可逐步逼近可能的全局优化结果。由于模型中考虑了装备使用过程中的不确定性,并且粒子群优化可从任意初始值开始,因而可用作维修系统效能评估以及维修方案优化的决策工具。     

预防性维修工作组合优化

针对单部件的维修间隔期无法反映系统的维修最佳间隔期这一问题,对装备各部件在各修理级别上的预防性维修任务组合情况进行探索。通过建立费用模型、可用度和风险模型作为决策模型,用以组合某一修理级别各部件的维修工作,得出系统预防性维修间隔期,并结合部队实际优化从系统的角度优化等级维修中的维修工作间隔期,为确定大中小修工作提供科学、合理的理论指导。该算法在区分各修理级别的维修能力的基础上,能较好地对各修理级别的维修工作组合情况进行了优化,实例验证了模型的实用性和有效性。     

任意寿命分布下k/N(G)系统定时维修决策模型

针对大型k/N(G)系统维修保障特点,提出了一种定时维修策略。以系统使用可用度为约束条件,以系统期望维修费用率最小化为优化目标,建立了任意寿命分布下k/N(G)系统定时维修优化模型,并提出了一种求解模型的数值迭代算法。实例分析表明,该模型既能计算定时维修策略下k/N(G)系统使用可用度和期望维修费用率,又能确定最佳的定时维修间隔期和最佳的换件维修人数,可为k/N(G)系统预防性维修提供决策支持。     

维修浮动系统可用度模型及优化

维修浮动系统是更换和修理同时进行的储修系统 ,该系统可有效地提高现有装备的可用度。本文利用马尔可夫过程理论建立了维修浮动系统的可用度模型。进而 ,在考虑费用约束的条件下 ,对该系统进行了优化分析。     

基于二维量度的复杂设备预防性维修决策优化

针对使用与维修具有两个测量维度的复杂设备,开展了其预防性维修决策的优化研究。基于二维量度的故障模式,给出了二维故障率的定量描述方法;分析了其预防性更换过程的基本过程,探讨了二维量度下更换周期对维修效果的影响,并从经济性角度建立了二维工龄更换费用模型;最后,采用算例的形式,对某设备维修决策同时考虑日历使用时间和行驶里程的情况,进行了二维更换间隔期的优化求解,从而验证了所建立方法与模型的实用性。     

The proper balancing of repair and preventive maintenance activities in the determination of coordinated shipboard allowance lists

The determination as to the cost-effective number of spares for given types of items or equipment to be carried on board various types of ships is studied. This spare pool, known as the ship's COSAL, must provide prespecified levels of protection against stockouts for all uses of that item on board the given ship. This article derives and illustrates the methodology for optimally trading off the reduction in the ship's COSAL that can be gained by improving repair/resupply capabilities or by lowering the failure rate of the equipment through more or different types of preventive maintenance. A flexible class of preventive maintenance/repair response functions to cost is studied which are nonlinear and exhibit realistic diminishing returns. Two different types of assumptions are possible regarding the interdependencies of the resupply times across different ship types. A tractable budget allocation method is presented which can be used in a multiitem, multiship, multiechelon repair environment where there is one budget to cover all spares, all repair/resupply, and preventive maintenance activities. The technique incorporates different criticalities of shortages by type of ship and item. It can be used either in a budget building mode or a budget execution mode.     

基于状态的检查与修理综合决策模型

分析了单部件系统退化过程的特点，建立了基于状态的检查与修理决策模型。该模型根据系统的当前状态来决定检查与修理，通过分析计算系统在一个更新周期内平均检查次数、预防性维修及修复性故障的概率，建立维修费用与检查问隔及预防性维修阈值的关系，以平均维修费用最小为目标，优化检查间隔及预防性维修阈值。最后运用Matlab对模型进行数值计算，结果表明，模型能有效地降低维修费用。     

Maintenance scheduling for modular systems: Modeling and algorithms

We study new models of scheduled maintenance management for modular systems, consisting of multiple components with respective cycle limits. The cycle limit of each component specifies the time interval in which this component must be repaired or replaced. The goal is to compute a feasible maintenance schedule that minimizes the cost associated with component maintenance. Applications of these models arise in Air Force aircraft maintenance as well as in other arenas with required preventive maintenance. The typical cost structures that arise in practical settings are submodular, which make the resulting models computationally challenging. We develop two efficient and operationally tenable approximation algorithms. We prove constant factor worst‐case guarantees for both algorithms, and present computational experiments showing that these algorithms perform within a few percent of optimality on operationally relevant instances. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 472–488, 2014     

Optimal (τ, T) opportunistic maintenance of a k‐out‐of‐n:G system with imperfect PM and partial failure

The opportunistic maintenance of a k‐out‐of‐n:G system with imperfect preventive maintenance (PM) is studied in this paper, where partial failure is allowed. In many applications, the optimal maintenance actions for one component often depend on the states of the other components and system reliability requirements. Two new (τ, T) opportunistic maintenance models with the consideration of reliability requirements are proposed. In these two models, only minimal repairs are performed on failed components before time τ and the corrective maintenance (CM) of all failed components are combined with PM of all functioning but deteriorated components after τ; if the system survives to time T without perfect maintenance, it will be subject to PM at time T. Considering maintenance time, asymptotic system cost rate and availability are derived. The results obtained generalize and unify some previous research in this area. Application to aircraft engine maintenance is presented. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons;, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 223–239, 2000     

复杂系统复合维修间隔期优化模型

采用组合策略对复杂系统辅以功能检测的定期更换维修工作进行综合优化.在分析复杂系统维修费用结构和组成的基础上,建立了其无限使用期条件下单位时间期望费用的数学模型,从而获得系统最佳的功能检测间隔期、定期更换周期内的检测次数和最优总费用.最后通过一个算例验证了该策略和模型的有效性.     

Scheduling economic lot sizes in deteriorating production systems

The paper considers the economic lot scheduling problem (ELSP) where production facility is assumed to deteriorate, owing to aging, with an increasing failure rate. The time to shift from an “in‐control” state to an “out‐of‐control” state is assumed to be normally distributed. The system is scheduled to be inspected at the end of each production lot. If the process is found to be in an “out‐of‐control” state, then corrective maintenance is performed to restore it to an “in‐control” state before the start of the next production run. Otherwise, preventive maintenance is carried out to enhance system reliability. The ELSP is formulated under the capacity constraint taking into account the quality related cost due to possible production of non‐conforming items, process inspection, and maintenance costs. In order to find a feasible production schedule, both the common cycle and time‐varying lot sizes approaches are utilized. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 650–661, 2003     

Joint determination of preventive maintenance and safety stocks in an unreliable production environment

In this article we formulate an analytical model of preventive maintenance and safety stock strategies in a production environment subject to random machine breakdowns. Traditionally, preventive maintenance and safety stocks have been independently studied as two separate strategies for coping with machine breakdowns. Our intent is to develop a unified framework so that the two are jointly considered. We illustrate the trade-off between investing in the two options. In addition, we provide optimality conditions under which either one or both strategies should be implemented to minimize the associated cost function. Specifically, cases with deterministic and exponential repair time distributions are analyzed in detail. We include numerical examples to illustrate the determination of optimal strategies for preventive maintenance and safety stocks. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

设备的一种计划维修策略

本文根据设备在全寿命内有事后修理、计划修理和最后报废的实际情况,以全寿命内单位时间的更新维修期望费用最少为目标函数,建立一种数学模型,寻求设备在全寿命内最佳计划修理次数N和最佳的一组计划维修时间间隔集T。