基于状态的维修与备件库存决策联合优化研究

针对需进行定期功能检测的设备,研究其基于状态的维修策略与备件库存策略联合优化方法。引入延迟时间理论,分析定期功能检测策略下备件库存的消耗与供应过程;基于设备功能退化和备件库存变化规律,建立以设备维修保障费用为优化目标的数学模型,并采用仿真的方法对设备功能检测周期、备件最大库存水平、备件订购周期等决策变量进行联合优化。通过一个算例对所提出的方法和建立的模型进行应用验证。     

考虑不完全维修的装备单元维修与更换策略优化

针对装备单元维修与更换策略优化问题,采用齐次马尔科夫模型描述了装备单元的退化规律,结合准更新过程建立了考虑不完全维修的装备单元维修与更换策略权衡优化模型,并利用模型对装备单元的维修费用与更换策略进行了优化,旨在实现装备单位时间的净效益最大化,最后通过算例验证了模型的有效性,研究成果可为制定装备单元的维修与更换策略提供理论参考。     

复杂装备动态组合维修优化模型研究

对于部件之间存在经济相关性的复杂装备,组合维修能提高维修效率并节省维修费用。传统的固定组合维修决策模型是基于无限使用期的,往往忽略了实际维修中某段时间内可能出现的维修信息的改变,比如部件的故障规律发生变化,意外的维修机会等。针对采取定期维修工作的复杂装备,建立以系统维修费用为目标函数,系统可用度为约束的动态组合维修决策模型,将维修信息的变化进行分析,并用滚动时域的方法对模型进行维修优化。最后,通过算例验证了动态组合维修模型的有效性。     

高新装备复合式预防性保修风险模型

结合高新装备保修需求,引入复合式预防性保修策略,以"定期更换周期内辅以功能检测"这种典型复合维修工作为例,从安全性影响的角度分析了装备的故障发生情况,并建立了其故障风险数学模型。在此基础上,通过算例给出了所建模型的应用方法,研究了该策略下决策变量对故障风险的影响,并分析了模型的通用性。     

相控阵天线阵面两级备件优化配置模型

针对相控阵天线阵面备件配置存在的冗余性强、批量送修、多级维修等现实问题,综合考虑备件费用、维修能力以及库存策略之间的关系,建立了基于定期补给的两级备件优化配置模型。给出了系统的故障件维修周转过程和维修备件的定期补给过程,在分析备件、库存、维修能力之间关系的基础上,结合成批到达的排队理论,建立了系统的供应可用度模型。以备件配置费用最小为目标、以系统供应可用度为约束条件,建立了系统的备件优化配置模型,并通过边际效益分析法对模型进行了求解。通过算例仿真与分析对模型进行了验证。结果表明:构建的备件配置能够较好地解决相控阵天线阵面的备件配置问题,具有一定的优越性。     

工龄更换策略下的备件库存决策研究

针对单部件系统工龄更换策略下备件需求的特点,建立了工龄更换策略与备件库存控制的联合优化模型。该模型通过分析一个订购期内工龄更换间隔期T及备件最大库存水平S对系统寿命分布的影响,建立了工龄更换间隔期、订购间隔期及最大库存水平与单位时间总费用（包括维修费用和库存费用）的关系,然后以单位时间总费用最小为目标,优化工龄更换间隔期T、订购间隔期t0及最大库存水平S。最后,基于案例,运用Matlab对模型进行数值计算,结果表明模型能有效地降低单位时间的总费用。     

维修浮动系统可用度模型及优化

维修浮动系统是更换和修理同时进行的储修系统 ,该系统可有效地提高现有装备的可用度。本文利用马尔可夫过程理论建立了维修浮动系统的可用度模型。进而 ,在考虑费用约束的条件下 ,对该系统进行了优化分析。     

几类可靠性增长试验的费用分析

贮连续检测情形、定期检测情形、根除失效源意义下的可靠性增长试验建立了费用分析模型,着重对实际中经常采用的定期检测试验的费用问题进行了细致的分析,从理论上导出了定期检测中系统失效时停止运行和不停止运行的最佳检测周期。     

炮兵C3I系统综合检测设备

炮兵C3I系统属网络分布式复杂装备,具有专业跨度大、技术含量高、检测维修难等特点.在分析炮兵C3I系统综合检测功能需求基础上,建立了从系统、分系统、单体到板件的一体化检测设备体系,重点阐述了综合检测设备的工作原理、组网及配置、硬软件设计等内容,对于炮兵C3I系统综合检测维修理论与实践研究具有较好的参考价值.     

ANFIS网络在舰船维修费用预测中的应用

利用自适应模糊推理系统(ANFIS)的模糊推理能力和学习功能相结合的优点,运用于舰船维修费用预测中.分析了影响维修费用的因素,采用变量投影重要性分析方法(VIP)对影响因素进行评估和筛选,使用ANFIS网络建立模型.通过实际算例进行分析,用历史数据训练ANFIS网络,预测舰船维修费用,在数据样本量小的情况下,较一般神经网络精度有明显提高.     

基于二维量度的复杂设备预防性维修决策优化

针对使用与维修具有两个测量维度的复杂设备,开展了其预防性维修决策的优化研究。基于二维量度的故障模式,给出了二维故障率的定量描述方法;分析了其预防性更换过程的基本过程,探讨了二维量度下更换周期对维修效果的影响,并从经济性角度建立了二维工龄更换费用模型;最后,采用算例的形式,对某设备维修决策同时考虑日历使用时间和行驶里程的情况,进行了二维更换间隔期的优化求解,从而验证了所建立方法与模型的实用性。     

基于状态的检查与修理综合决策模型

分析了单部件系统退化过程的特点，建立了基于状态的检查与修理决策模型。该模型根据系统的当前状态来决定检查与修理，通过分析计算系统在一个更新周期内平均检查次数、预防性维修及修复性故障的概率，建立维修费用与检查问隔及预防性维修阈值的关系，以平均维修费用最小为目标，优化检查间隔及预防性维修阈值。最后运用Matlab对模型进行数值计算，结果表明，模型能有效地降低维修费用。     

Block replacement policies for a two‐component system with failure dependence

Block replacement and modified block replacement policies for two‐component systems with failure dependence and economic dependence are considered in this paper. Opportunistic maintenance policies are also considered. Where tractable, long‐run costs per unit time are calculated using renewal theory based arguments; otherwise simulation studies are carried out. The management implications for the adoption of the various policies are discussed. The usefulness of the results in the paper is illustrated through application to a particular two‐component system. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2003     

一种双参数批更换系统的优化问题

研究了一种在更换时间有限的情况下 ,基于交替更新过程的双参数批更换系统的优化问题 ,这一问题的目标是平均费用率的极小化。给出了一种特殊情况的讨论结果。     

Periodic replacement when minimal repair costs vary with time

A policy of periodic replacement with minimal repair at failure is considered for a complex system. Under such a policy the system is replaced at multiples of some period T while minimal repair is performed at any intervening system failures. The cost of a minimal repair to the system is assumed to be a nonde-creasing function of its age. A simple expression is derived for the expected minimal repair cost in an interval in terms of the cost function and the failure rate of the system. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of an optimal replacement interval are exhibited in the case where the system life distribution is strictly increasing failure rate (IFR).     

串联系统预防维修周期优化策略研究(英文)

针对串联系统建立了基于可靠性约束的预防性维修优化模型,该模型充分考虑到预防维修可以提高系统可靠性的同时,其故障率会随着维修次数的增加而上升,引入役龄回退因子对预防维修活动前后系统性能的动态变化进行了描述.通过实例验证了该优化模型的正确性与可用性,对模型作进一步的扩展,还可用于更一般复杂的串并联系统.     

Optimal renewal policies for complex systems

Most maintenance and replacement models for industrial equipment have been developed for independent single-component machines. Most equipment, however, consists of multiple components. Also, when the maintenance crew services several machines, the maintenance policy for each machine is not independent of the states of the other machines. In this paper, two dynamic programming replacement models are presented. The first is used to determine the optimal replacement policy for multi-component equipment. The second is used to determine the optimal replacement policy for a multi-machine system which uses one replacement crew to service several machines. In addition, an approach is suggested for developing an efficient replacement policy for a multi-component, multi-machine system.     

Monotone optimal preventive maintenance policies for stochastically failing equipment

This paper examines various models for maintenance of a machine operating subject to stochastic deterioration. Three alternative models are presented for the deterioration process. For each model, in addition to the replacement decision, the option exists of performing preventive maintenance. The effect of this maintenance is to “slow” the deterioration process. With an appropriate reward structure imposed on the processes, the models are formulated as continuous time Markov decision processes. the optimality criterion being the maximization of expected discounted reward earned over an infinite time horizon. For each model conditions are presented under which the optimal maintenance policy exhibits the following monotonic structure. First, there exists a control limit rule for replacement. That is, there exists a number i* such that if the state of machine deterioration exceeds i* the optimal policy replaces the machine by a new machine. Secondly, prior to replacement the optimal level of preventive maintenance is a nonincreasing function of the state of machine deterioration. The conditions which guarantee this result have a cost/benefit interpretation.     

Maintaining systems with heterogeneous spare parts

We consider the problem of optimally maintaining a stochastically degrading, single‐unit system using heterogeneous spares of varying quality. The system's failures are unannounced; therefore, it is inspected periodically to determine its status (functioning or failed). The system continues in operation until it is either preventively or correctively maintained. The available maintenance options include perfect repair, which restores the system to an as‐good‐as‐new condition, and replacement with a randomly selected unit from the supply of heterogeneous spares. The objective is to minimize the total expected discounted maintenance costs over an infinite time horizon. We formulate the problem using a mixed observability Markov decision process (MOMDP) model in which the system's age is observable but its quality must be inferred. We show, under suitable conditions, the monotonicity of the optimal value function in the belief about the system quality and establish conditions under which finite preventive maintenance thresholds exist. A detailed computational study reveals that the optimal policy encourages exploration when the system's quality is uncertain; the policy is more exploitive when the quality is highly certain. The study also demonstrates that substantial cost savings are achieved by utilizing our MOMDP‐based method as compared to more naïve methods of accounting for heterogeneous spares.     

A note on a modified block replacement policy for units with increasing marginal running costs

The model for a modified block replacement policy (MBRP) is extended to include running costs. An illustrative example is worked out for the case when item life is exponentially distributed and marginal running cost per unit time increases linearly with the age of the item.