航母编队防空指控多分辨率建模

以航母编队防空作战过程作为研究对象,分析了其多分辨率建模的必要性。针对防空作战指挥建模与仿真的特点及存在的困难,运用多分辨率建模方法对其进行探索研究。针对空中混合编队防空和水面舰艇防空过程,分析作战过程中各战斗单元任务分配情况,以任务消息为触发条件,提出了多分辨率建模的主要设计思路,并设计了模型聚合解聚方法。     

基于多分辨率的空军作战仿真建模研究

多分辨率建模技术是近年来建模与仿真领域研究的热点之一。首先分析了空军作战仿真面临的新挑战,指出多分辨率建模技术是解决现代作战仿真的有效方法;再在解析多分辨率建模相关概念的基础上,分析了空军作战仿真多分辨率建模的必要性;最后,采用面向实体的分析方法给出了空军作战仿真模型体系,并对模型聚合解聚问题进行了分析。     

装甲兵作战多智能体建模技术及其应用

利用作战领域启发知识,综合传统建模技术和智能体优点,首先按照分层结构化组合思想建立了装甲兵兵力智能体模型,并基于层次任务网的决策规划机制和基于军事命令控制结构构建了多智能体模型,然后采用VRMS平台开发了装甲兵作战多智能体应用验证演示系统,最后结合实例探索了多智能体系统在模拟训练、作战实验、辅助决策等领域的仿真应用,其研究有效地提高了装甲兵作战行为仿真的智能性、自主性和逼真性。     

潜艇与侦察兵力协同布雷建模及仿真

针对现代布雷作战中现有协同布雷研究方法的不足,提出了一种新的潜艇与侦察兵力协同布雷方法。根据侦察兵力在不同协同布雷阶段完成作战任务的不同,分别构建了侦察兵力担负战场预警和战场引导作战任务的协同布雷模型,优化了水雷线计算模型,改进了侦察兵力协同潜艇引导布雷行动模型,并对所建模型进行了仿真,仿真结果验证了模型的有效性和合理性,并较全面、合理地反应了布雷作战的实际。     

基于效能指数模型的地面防空兵力需求优化方法

文章针对信息化条件下防空作战体系对抗的特点,选取火力、生存能力、情报和电子对抗能力为指标构建效能指数模型。并结合Lanchester动态模型进行兵力聚合与解聚,得出各种方案中防空兵力需求数量。根据指标之间的对应关系,构建了方案优化模型,对各种方案进行选优,得出最优兵力需求方案。     

多分辨率仿真聚合/解聚建模

本文首先介绍了聚合 /解聚的有关概念和其实现的要求 ,然后设计了一个多分辨率作战联邦实现方案 ,着重探讨了不同分辨率联邦成员之间如何运用聚合 /解聚的方法来进行交互仿真     

聚合解聚及其一致性问题研究

聚合解聚是多分辨率建模方法中应用最普遍的方法.一致性问题是聚合解聚方法所面临的主要技术难点之一.模型建模机制的差异、算法的不合理以及系统的无记忆性是导致一致性问题的主要原因.提出了利用反馈机制对低分辨率模型进行修正,通过增加系统的记忆性来改进聚合解聚方法的思路.综合考虑多重因素,对聚合解聚算法的结构进行了设计.     

坦克兵力行为智能体模型研究

为了有效模拟兵力物理行为和智能行为的不同特性,提出了一个复合结构坦克兵力智能体模型,该模型综合了反应式行为和慎思行为两方面的优点。采用层次化组合方法建立了基于行为模式的兵力物理行为模型,使兵力智能体能对动态战场环境作出灵活的反应。结合兵力不同类型任务的分析,设计了基于规划的兵力智能行为模拟方法,使兵力智能体能按照战术原则进行作战任务规划。     

基于多 Agent 系统的分队对抗建模仿真

使用基于多Agent系统的建模方法对分队对抗进行了“自底向上”地建模;建立了战场的模型,并从属性、行为、规则三方面建立了智能兵力Agent模型;基于多Agent仿真平台——NetLogo,构建了仿真系统,通过对Agent“微观”行为的仿真,获得了群体的“宏观”行为,为战争复杂系统仿真研究提供了参考。     

潜艇CGF规避反潜航空兵行为建模

对战场态势的不完全观测是潜艇作战的重要特点,充分利用不完全观测信息,提高潜艇对抗决策的合理性是设计潜艇CGF的核心问题。针对潜艇作战特点,提出了潜艇自防御行为模型框架,并利用多Agent不确定场景建模技术,建立了基于POMDP的规避反潜航空兵行为模型,最后进行了仿真验证。结果表明,该模型具有较强的可行性。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.