军用飞机航材配送中心选址方法与模型

航材保障是装备保障工作的重要组成部分,直接影响部队作战和训练任务的完成。深入开展军用飞机航材配送中心选址方法研究,探索新的航材配送中心选址方法与手段,对于配送中心的科学选址,提高航材保障工作效益具有重要意义。针对军用飞机航材保障特点,综合考虑任务成功率、经济性和战时道路损毁等因素,提出了军用飞机航材保障配送中心选址方法,建立了配送中心的选址模型。最后,给出了具体算例,验证所建模型的科学性和有效性。     

基于粗集和证据推理的海外基地保障点选址评估

针对海外基地保障点选址问题,结合专家组给出的影响选址评估意见,建立海外基地保障点选址评估指标体系。在此基础上,引用粗集和证据推理方法对评估指标因素进行信息处理优化,利用历史数据得到的客观信息与主观判断进行互补,实现主观判断与客观信息相结合,并用粗集进行属性约简,简化指标体系。该方法能提高评价结果的准确度和可信度,弥补海外基地保障点选址因素复杂,计算可操作性差的缺陷,为海外基地保障点选址决策提供理论依据。     

基于粗糙集理论的装备保障指挥系统效能评估指标体系约简

针对目前建立的装备保障指挥系统效能评估指标体系评价指标繁多,存在重复、等价的不足,通过验证各评价指标相对于决策属性是否必要与验证各子集组合相对于决策属性是否独立,建立了基于粗糙集理论的装备保障指挥系统效能评估指标体系约简方法,对评价指标进行了约简,建立了约简的装备保障指挥系统效能评估指标体系,可为装备保障指挥系统效能分析提供依据。     

基于火力打击的装备物资配送中心选址模型

战时装备物资配送中心的选址优劣与否对作战效果影响很大,有时甚至会影响到战斗的结果.针对战时装备配送中心选址的安全性要求,深入剖析了现代战争条件下装备物资配送中心选址模型的影响要素,建立了基于火力打击的费用最少和时间最短的装备物资配送中心选址模型,以及同时考虑时间和费用的装备物资配送中心的综合权衡模型,并给出了时间、费用最小模型的求解流程.     

信息熵与TOPSIS装备保障力量部署方案优化

针对装备保障力量部署方案复杂性和模糊性特点,在分析装备保障力量部署的内容、影响因素及方案优化目的基础上,建立了装备保障力量部署方案评估指标体系,采用信息熵理论来确定评估指标的权重,并提出了基于熵权TOPS IS的装备保障力量部署方案优选方法,使装备保障力量部署方案决策更加科学合理,具有一定的实用性。     

战时装备保障阵地选址不确定决策方法

针对战时选址属性信息为区间数的情形,提出了一种基于模糊偏序关系的装备保障阵地选址决策方法.首先,建立战时装备保障点选址的评估值模型,并对其进行预处理;然后建立了模糊偏序关系模型,将混合型评估值模型转化为评估关系模型,得到各备选点之间的偏序关系;最后,对偏序关系进行集结,得到全序关系,从而获取方案的优劣排序.这为战时装备保障阵地选址提供了一种新的有效途径.     

后方仓库管理保障能力评估指标体系设计

为科学全面地对后方仓库的管理保障能力进行评估,有针对性地完善和加强后方仓库后勤保障能力,借助SPSS软件运用相关性分析和主成分分析法,构建了包含基本业务、组织管理、安全工作、战备建设和基础设施5个方面的后方仓库管理保障能力评估指标体系,并对其进行信度和效度的检验,验证其可行性。该体系的构建对后方仓库的定级分类具有重要意义,也为今后仓库的发展建设提供理论基础和决策意义。     

直觉模糊推理的装备保障指挥决策模型

依据战时装备保障指挥的特点,研究了基于直觉模糊推理的装备保障指挥决策模型.分析了装备保障指挥决策的各个相关因素,在模糊化处理指挥决策因素的基础上,建立了各决策因素的直觉模糊集,给出了相应的隶属度和非隶属度函数.同时,建立了直觉模糊推理的装备保障指挥决策模型,给出了推理规则、直觉模糊推理算法及去模糊化算法.最后利用装备保障指挥决策的实例对决策模型的有效性进行验证,结果表明能有效地处理由于知识的模糊性所引起的不确定性问题.     

航空装备保障效能典型参数评估方法

从装备自身固有能力和保障系统、保障能力两个方面研究影响航空装备保障效能的因素,构建了以战备完好能力、执行任务能力和直接被保障能力为表征的装备保障效能评估指标体系。对出动架次率等典型保障效能参数进行了分析计算,评估了装备的综合使用能力和保障能力,并从保障设备的配置出发对保障资源进行优化,提高了装备在使用环境下的综合保障效能。     

基于博弈论组合赋权-TOPSIS法的战时装备维修保障点配置方案评价

针对战时装备维修保障点配置受多种因素影响、保障指挥员难以快速有效地评价保障点配置方案合理性的问题,提出一种战时装备维修保障点选址方案评价方法。综合考虑战场环境、自然环境和交通条件等多方面因素,构建了战时装备维修保障点配置方案评价指标体系并对各指标进行量化分析;基于博弈论思想进一步优化AHP-熵权主客观组合权重,结合TOPSIS法实现战时装备维修保障点配置方案的定量评价,通过示例验证了该方法的合理性和有效性。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.