直角坐标系统中的观测误差相关函数解析分析

在火控系统中,目标坐标的测量是在球坐标系中进行的,而解相遇问题是在直角坐标系统中进行的,为了设计出火控系统最优滤波器,需要获得直角坐标系中观测误差的相关函数。利用随机变量的特征函数和欧拉公式,首先推导了完整的直角坐标系统中的观测误差的相关函数,在此基础上根据实际条件依次进行了4步合理简化。最后,通过实例计算,分析了相应的简化可能造成的滤波精度损失,为实际的火控系统设计提供了依据。     

现代陆装武器火控系统发展及展望

火控系统是现代陆装武器系统的核心组成部分,对火控系统的发展进行了回顾,以某防空自行高炮火控系统、某坦克装甲火控系统、某压制火控系统为例,介绍了火控系统的组成及功能,重点对现代火控系统发展的3个阶段:模块化火控系统、总线式火控系统、网络化火控系统进行了详细研究,并对新一代火力打击体系下的火控系统发展进行了展望。     

基于卡尔曼滤波的反舰导弹火控数据处理

在舰载反舰导弹火控系统的数据处理中,由于量测数据受到不同程度的噪声影响,不能将得到的数据直接参与导弹射击方程的运算,必须通过对观测设备提供的数据进行卡尔曼滤波处理,为了保证获取处理数据既具有较高的精度又具有较好的稳定性,还要具有较好的时效性,因此通过采用自适应卡尔曼滤波算法,极大地提高了系统数据处理的效果,获得了较理想的反舰导弹火控系统导弹射击参数.     

舰艇火控系统的现状与发展设想

通过对舰艇火控系统的技术现状和发展趋势的分析,提出了未来舰艇综合火控系统、舰艇编队协同火控系统和海上联合火控系统的发展设想。     

舰载反舰导弹通用火控系统的关键技术

通过对国内外反舰导弹火控系统发展趋势的分析,提出了通用火控系统的发展需求,在此基础上介绍了通用火控系统所采用的垂直发射技术、商用流行技术以及模块化技术;同以前的火控系统相比,通用火控系统在功能和组成上更加完备,全分布式的体系结构适应了武器装备的更新换代和信息化战争对火控系统的要求;最后说明了通用火控系统的实现方法和步骤.     

一种新型坦克火控系统建模方法

为全面、准确描述新型坦克火控系统逻辑层,提出了一种基于有色随机Petri网的新型坦克火控系统建模方法。首先研究了新型坦克火控系统的组成结构、信息结构与工作流程。然后对新型坦克火控系统进行了形式化的描述,并制定了其Petri网转化规则。最后建立了新型坦克火控系统的Petri网模型,并对其动态性能进行了分析。证明该方法可以有效对新型火控系统逻辑层建模。     

火控系统故障预测与健康管理技术

故障预测和健康管理(PHM)技术具有故障诊断、故障预测以及健康管理的功能,对降低火控装备维修成本、增强火控系统的完备性以及提高火控系统管理效率具有重要意义。根据通用火控系统发展现状及应用需求,将PHM技术引入到火控系统中。首先介绍了PHM技术原理和国内外发展现状,重点讨论了PHM关键技术和通用火控系统PHM体系结构。最后展望了火控系统PHM技术的发展趋势。     

火控系统人性化设计研究

提出了火控系统人性化设计的概念,分析了火控系统人性化设计的重要意义.通过研究人在战争状态下的行为特征和心理特征,以及这些特征可能造成的影响,结合火控系统的特点,对火控系统的设计提出了新的设计观念,总结出火控系统人性化设计的一般要求.火控系统的人性化设计将对火控系统的设计和发展将会产生重要的影响,而且会影响未来战争的模式.     

火控系统仿真软件设计与开发

介绍了火控系统仿真软件的主要功能特点、设计思想和开发实现方法。该火控系统仿真软件,采用开放设计原则,可进行火控单元参数级和结构级选择替换,为研究和开发火控系统提供了有力手段。提供了从火控系统各单体到全系统的仿真环境,即可供教学科研人员进行火控系统研究,也可满足工程人员进行火控系统设计开发的需要。     

对发展舰炮综合火控系统的初步认识

本文论述了未来海战对舰炮火控系统的发展需求以及我海军舰炮火控系统的现状;阐明了对现代舰炮综合火控系统是战术技术发展的必然产物,以及开发新型舰炮火控系统的初步认识;最后提出了舰炮综合火控系统的下若干关键技术。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.