长码直扩信号的符号速率盲估计方法

针对长码直接序列扩频(DSSS)信号的符号速率估计的难题,提出了基于相关处理的方法。该方法首先估计长码直扩信号的相关函数二阶矩,然后将相关函数二阶矩的估计作为输入信号进行预处理,以去除扩频码周期处的峰值。对预处理后的信号再次进行自相关处理,则所得的信号的频谱中含有符号速率谱线。理论分析和计算机仿真证明了所提出的算法的有效性。     

MPL宏指令产生器

本文将概要地介绍一下MPL符号装配语言中的宏指令产生器的特点和结构。宏指令产生器是这样的一种软设备,通过这种软设备,程序员可从已有的指令随意地定义任何新指令。宏指命产生器使得程序语言在很大程度上是可扩充的。MPL符号语言所配备的宏指令产生器是一个符号宏指令处理器,它完全从字符串的角度处理宏指令定义和宏指令引用。     

基于符号树信息熵的机械振动瞬态信号特征提取

用简单的二进制划分简要说明了信号符号化问题,给出了二进制划分下符号树结构及其Shannon熵计算方法,叙述了符号序列编码方法和符号序列直方图的作用,提交了符号时间序列分析的计算机流程图,对内燃机机身振动信号和转轴振动信号用符号树信息熵进行了特征提取。     

论作为符号活动的教育

人类所有的活动以及由此产生的文明和文化的成果,都离不开符号,符号是人之为人的标志。教育是一种符号活动,这一活动首先要构建特定的教育符号圈,在这一符号圈中,教育为符号活动确定了目的,即人的符号化;也在这一符号圈中,教育的符号活动表现为不同的形态和样式。     

政治因素对“言语”符号的影响

“言语”符号的发展受诸多因素的影响，政治是其中之一。从政治对“言语”符号生命的催生、政治对“言语”符号的消解、政治对“言语”符号的曲解三个方面论述了政治对“言语”符号的影响。     

MIMO-OFDM系统Turbo接收机中的信道估计器

设计了一种新的MIMO-OFDM系统Turbo接收机中的信道估计器.考虑了信道估计误差对编码比特外信息计算的影响,利用软球形译码器的搜索列表和解码器反馈的先验信息对传统EM信道估计中的软信息近似处理进行了修正,获得了更为准确的软符号统计信息用于信道估计,提出了考虑软符号互相关性的Bayesian EM(BEM)信道估计算法.仿真结果表明,新算法较传统EM算法具有更低的误码率和更小的估计均方误差值.     

工程数据库管理系统DATFEA的符号对象模型及实现技术

本文主要论述符号对象模型的形式化定义及DATFEA标识系统的实现技术,文中对COHOR复杂对象模型的属性(域)进行了广义扩展,引入了对象标识、符号值、符号对象、值对象等概念,并讨论了DATFEA的总体结构及符号对象模型的逻辑组织方法。     

开国上将群体扫描

1955年9月,中国人民解放军对陆海空三军进行全面授衔,而且三军在服装、服饰、军衔符号、军种符号、勤务符号等外在形式上有着明显的区分。上将以下军官,陆海空三军都有。也就是说,我军首次有了自己的陆军上将、海军上将和空军上将。     

计算3j符号和6j符号的程序

用基本FORTRAN算法语言,编写了计算3j和6j符号的程序。计算结果可用素数幂表示,也可用实型数表示。计算3j符号的目标程序占6976个内存单元,计算6j符号的目标程序占6848个单元。在运算速度约为5万次/秒的441B—Ⅲ型机上,计算一个投影量子数均为零的3j符号值需要时间不到1秒,计算1个一般3j符号值大约需要2秒,计算一个6j符号值大约需要4秒。     

切实维护专武干部符号的严肃性和权威性

专武干部佩戴专武符号,是专武干部从事武装工作的一个重要身份标志和象征。据了解,近年来,随着人武部收归军队建制,人武干部不再佩戴专武符号,对专武符号管理有所放松,一些厂家为了盈利,没有经过任何单位批准,任意印制,一些服装店随意出售,使一些不是专武干部身份的人不分场合不分地点任意佩戴专武干部符号,使专武符号缺乏了应有的严肃性,严重影响了专武干部的形象。     

利用汇编程序实现I/O端口操作技术的研究

介绍了如何在Delphi中通过嵌入汇编程序在混合编程时如何传递参数 ;编写了I/O端口操作函数 ,并在此基础上研究了在数据采集的应用中如何根据具体硬件配置 ,用数据采集方法编写各种数据采集的汇编程序 .     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.