液体火箭发动机基于神经网络的实时故障检测算法实现

以某大型液体火箭发动机为研究对象,针对其启动和稳态工作过程,利用Matlab和Lab Windows/CVI等编程工具,基于神经网络技术,开发实现了其地面试车过程实时故障检测的BP(Back Propagation)和RBF(Radial Basis Function)算法。多次试车数据离线检验和实时在线考核结果均表明该方法能够及时、有效地检测出发动机工作过程中的故障,没有出现误报警和漏报警,并能够很好地满足现场试车的实时性和鲁棒性等要求。     

基于云-神经网络的液体火箭发动机故障检测方法

根据故障检测原理,研究和实现了基于云-神经网络的液体火箭发动机故障检测方法。根据训练结果、测试结果和故障检测结果可以看出,云-神经网络用于液体火箭发动机的故障检测是可行的,经过历次试车数据验证,该方法没有误报警和漏报警。     

结合动态时间弯曲与决策树方法的液体火箭发动机故障诊断

对某大型液体火箭发动机的热试车数据及通过发动机模型仿真得到的故障数据进行动态时间弯曲分析,得到弯曲路径集,然后结合决策树方法进行了故障检测和诊断。对于故障试车没有出现漏报警和误报警,对于正常试车没有出现误报警。通过与神经网络、支持向量机等方法所得结果的对比,证明该方法可以成功地应用于火箭发动机的故障检测和诊断。     

液体火箭发动机涡轮泵健康监控系统

为了提高液体火箭发动机涡轮泵的安全性,降低其故障带来的破坏性,设计了某型液体火箭发动机涡轮泵健康监控系统(TP HMS),工程实现了TP HMS的测试硬件子系统、实时故障检测子系统、试车后数据分析子系统和实时数据库支持子系统等,讨论和分析了TP HMS的功能和执行流程,然后利用历史试车数据与转子试验平台数据对TP HMS中的多特征参量自适应阈值综合决策算法(MATA)进行了离线和实时在线验证;利用自适应时频谱对测试数据作进一步的分析。结果表明,MATA没有发生误检测情况,并具有实时故障检测的能力;自适应时频谱能有效抑制时频交叉项的干扰,准确给出故障信号的时间和频率信息。因此,TP HMS适合于液体火箭发动机涡轮泵健康状态监控。     

液体火箭发动机控制的新方向

为适应航天飞行任务对推进系统高性能、安全性、可靠性、经济性的需要,在液体火箭发动机控制方面,开展了大量研究工作,出现了一些新方向和新领域。比较集中的研究领域是液体火箭发动机健康(状态) 监控和智能控制。本文介绍液体火箭发动机控制的智能水平演变趋势,健康(状态) 监控系统和智能控制系统的框架、结构,以及与这些系统直接相关的故障模式、传感器技术和故障检测算法。     

基于云分类器的液体火箭发动机故障诊断方法

本文首先将液体火箭发动机故障诊断问题转化为故障特征的模式分类问题,然后针对当前模式分类方法难以处理不确定性信息、属性特征空间的划分过硬等缺陷,结合云模型和云变换研究,提出了一种基于云分类器的液体火箭发动机起动过程故障诊断方法。历次试车数据的验证结果表明,该方法能够及时准确识别发动机起动工作过程中的故障模式。     

基于转子固有频率的涡轮泵故障检测方法

为了有效地检测液体火箭发动机涡轮泵的故障,分析了某型液体火箭发动机的28次历史试车数据,得到了涡轮泵转子的一阶、二阶和三阶临界转速以及轴向固有频率的数值,研究了这4个转子固有频率幅值的稳定性及对涡轮泵故障的敏感性,得出了它们具有较强的稳定性和故障敏感性的结论。在此基础上,提出并验证了基于转子固有频率的涡轮泵故障检测方法。结果表明,基于转子的一阶、二阶和三阶临界转速以及轴向固有频率幅值能有效地检测涡轮泵的故障。     

基于模糊模型的发动机部件级故障隔离方法研究

发动机故障诊断与故障隔离是发动机健康监控领域的一大难题,但对发动机故障定位、预防灾难性事故发生及发动机维修意义重大。为了准确地确定故障发生的部位,本文针对某型液体火箭发动机,提出一种基于模糊模型的部件级故障隔离方法。首先对发动机系统进行部件的划分,然后建立各个部件的模糊模型并进行训练,最后按照设定的故障检测与隔离策略对故障进行诊断。利用两组发动机故障仿真数据对基于模糊模型部件级故障隔离方法进行验证,结果表明:本方法可以实现单一或多个部件故障隔离。     

液体火箭发动机基于模型的故障检测算法

针对泵压式供应系统液体火箭发动机的故障监控问题,建立了用于发动机故障检测的非线性动态数学模型,设计并实现了发动机系统的广义卡尔曼滤波器。利用新息序列的统计特性,进行了发动机故障新息检测算法的仿真研究,讨论了降低滤波器计算费用的方法以及置信度、自由度对检测算法性能的影响。本文的工作为进一步研究发动机故障在线实时检测算法奠定了重要基础。     

液体火箭发动机故障检测和诊断中数据挖掘策略的分析

分析了液体火箭发动机的工作特点,提出了应用数据挖掘方法从数据仓库的角度对液体火箭发动机进行故障检测和诊断的策略。对在液体火箭发动机故障检测和诊断的不同问题中可能应用的数据挖掘方法进行了分析比较。分析表明,聚类、分类、关联、时间序列分析和孤立点检测等数据挖掘方法适用于液体火箭发动机的故障检测和诊断。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.