基于窗口预测匹配的序列图像点目标轨迹检测算法

序列图像中运动点目标轨迹的实时检测算法,是目标识别、实时跟踪处理系统中的关键算法之一。在分析不同层次处理方法的基础上,给出了一种基于预测、窗口匹配的点轨迹预测—匹配检测算法,并根据仿真实验的效果,指出此算法可有效地对低信噪比序列图像运动点目标轨迹进行实时检测,具有多目标轨迹检测能力。     

基于提升框架检测的空中强机动视频目标跟踪

空中强机动性目标在视频中表现出运动形变剧烈、运动规律难预测且背景特征不明显不稳定等特点,传统的检测跟踪算法不能有效地对其实施检测跟踪.为解决上述问题,提出一种不依赖于帧间运动特性的基于提升框架检测的空中强机动视频目标跟踪算法.首先,利用提升框架实现图像的小波变换,得到目标的高频分量信息.然后,对高频分量进行融合,并提出了目标特征增强的方法,完成单帧图像的目标检测.最后,实现视频序列的实时跟踪.实验结果表明,该算法能够实时、准确地对空中背景下的强机动性目标进行检测跟踪,有效地解决了目标运动形变剧烈、某些帧中存在遮挡而造成后续帧失跟等跟踪困难.     

基于加权动态规划和航迹关联的小目标检测技术

低信噪比下运动小目标的检测一直是成像目标检测中的一个热点问题。提出了一种新的小目标检测算法,采用方向加权的动态规划算法和二值航迹关联,克服了低信噪比下目标机动和传感器的不稳定对小目标检测的影响,实现了对深空背景下运动方式任意、速度最大达1像素/帧的弱小运动目标的有效检测。     

机动车辆辅助驾驶动态障碍物检测方法

针对背景复杂多变和摄像机的随车运动对机动车辆辅助驾驶系统动态目标检测算法提出的鲁棒性和实时性要求,提出了一种基于快速全局背景运动补偿和改进三帧差分法的快速目标检测算法,基于影像金字塔两步法估计改进SIFT方法,实现快速全局背景运动补偿参数估计,在三帧差分图像上,通过改进假设检验及边缘检测与目标区域相"与"最终实现动态目标的准确检测。实验表明,算法极大地提高了特征配准和动目标检测速度,提高了全局运动补偿参数估计和目标检测的精确性,满足系统的实时性要求。     

时空积分及粒子群优化算法的目标被动定位方法

目标运动分析是武器控制的基础,研究了可用于目标被动定位的时空积分方法,建立了该方法求解目标运动参数的理论模型,采用粒子群优化算法对时空积分谱进行优化处理以获得目标参数的最优解,海上试验数据处理结果表明该方法能够得到稳定有效的解.     

红外图像序列运动小目标检测的预处理算法研究

就如何检测复杂背景下低信噪比的运动小目标展开讨论,提出了用空间高通滤波方法改善图像质量,达到抑制背景噪声,增强小目标的效果,随后用似然比检测理论进行目标的初步分离,接着采用邻域判决的方法实现运动目标的进一步分离,最后用图像流分析法进行目标的最终检测。实验结果表明,该算法能够对小目标甚至是点目标的运动进行可靠的检测     

无源雷达杂波抑制与相干检测的联合优化处理

杂波抑制和相干检测是外辐射源雷达信号处理的两个关键环节,针对扩展相消批处理杂波对消算法和基于分段的多普勒谱分析的运动目标相干检测方法存在重复分块和冗余计算的问题,提出了扩展相消批处理算法与基于分段的多普勒谱分析方法的联合优化算法,推导了它们的数学原理,给出了分段数及滤波器阶数的设置方法。仿真结果表明,该方法在取得较好杂波抑制效果的同时,降低了系统整体的运算量。     

基于Hausdorff距离的目标跟踪方法研究

序列图像中的运动目标跟踪是计算机视觉的一个重要组成部分,跟踪算法的鲁棒性和计算量是算法的关键。对上述问题进行研究,提出了一种基于Hausdorff距离的目标跟踪方法。该算法结合运动检测和多分辨率技术,极大减少了计算量,并利用有效的模板更新方法,加强了跟踪的鲁棒性。实验表明,该算法能实现快速有效的目标跟踪。     

低信噪比下融合随机共振的运动目标检测算法

为提高智能视频监控系统中运动目标检测算法在低信噪比条件下的鲁棒性,结合混合高斯背景建模算法和随机共振原理实现一种低信噪比下的运动目标检测算法。算法根据混合高斯背景模型对当前帧生成目标概率灰度图,在本文定义的性能评价函数下,通过向该概率灰度图添加噪声使得评价函数最优化从而达到随机共振,对该随机共振灰度图进行阈值分割得到输出的检测目标。针对昏暗、大雾和红外视频分别进行了实验,证实了本文算法的有效性同时也显示本文算法相对于普通背景差算法性能获得了明显提升。     

动基线时差测量系统多脉冲相参积累算法研究

主要研究了动基线时差测量系统采用多脉冲相参积累算法对低信噪比条件下运动目标的有效检测问题。通过分析雷达回波信号的特性,指出目标高速运动所引起的包络走动是影响积累性能的主要因素。选用了插值补偿包络走动后进行相参积累的算法。仿真结果表明,在低信噪比条件下,插值补偿相参积累算法能实现对运动目标弱小信号的有效检测,其积累性能优于未做补偿积累算法的性能。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.