原子吸收光谱法测定生物样品中的锶

用硝酸加高氯酸（１５：５）湿法消化处理样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了蛎虾中的锶,锶浓度在０．５０－２０．００ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,检测限为０．０１９ｍｇ／Ｌ,回收率在９６．４８％－１０３．４４％之间。含锶为１．００ｍｇ／Ｌ的样品１１次测定的变异系数小于１．０％。     

新发光试剂N-(羟甲基)异鲁米诺的合成及性能研究

合成了新发光试剂Ｎ－异鲁米诺,并对其化学发光性能进行了研究。在ＮａＨＣＯ－３ＮａＯＨ 冲溶液中,Ｈ２Ｏ２浓度为０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ＣＭＩＬ浓度为０．０８８－２．５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,邻氯苯亚基丙二腈的发光强度不受ＣＭＩＬ浓度的影响。     

开式方腔可压缩流动及噪声LES计算分析

采用基于低色散、低耗散计算气动声学方法的LES技术计算分析了Mach 1.4和Mach 0.6三维开式方腔可压缩振荡流动及其诱导的强噪声环境.通过与已有实验和数值结果对比,证实了本文开发的LES计算程序的可靠性.深入分析LES空腔流计算结果,表明超声速来流条件下剪切层大尺度涡结构与空腔后缘撞击形成了声-流耦合自持振荡的...     

基于灰色时序的完整性规范技术

计算机系统的完整性安全策略模型与规范问题，是计算机安全研究中最重要的课题之一。已有的研究结果离实际应用还相差太远，例如Ｃｌａｒｋ－Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ完整性模型只是提出了一个框架。本文呈现了我们构造的形式化灰色时序安全策略规范语言（ＧＴＳＬ）。ＧＴＳＬ的理论基础是灰色系统理论和时序规范语言ＬＯ－ＴＯＳ理论。由于它在完整性规范能力、完整性验证过程的构造与表示、责任分离合理性测试等一系列技术方面的完善与创新，使得ＧＴＳＬ成为真正能够实际使用的完整性安全策略规范语言。     

病态线性回归模型系数的0─c型岭估计

针对病态线性模型病态的实质,提出回归系数的０－ｃ型岭估计。首先研究它的均方误差的最优化问题,给出了参数的最优值或最优值的一个上界和下界,证明可以选择参数,使它在均方误差的意义下优于ＬＳ估计。其次,研究它的偏差,证明存在０－ｃ型岭估计优于ＬＳ估计,且比岭估计β（ｋ）具有较小偏差。最后证明它的可容许性,并讨论在实用中它的岭参数选择方法的优点。     

再入飞行器高超声速三维粘性流场的数值模拟

用数值方法研究大钝头倒锥体再入飞行器高超车速完全气体有攻角绕流的流场特性。控制方程为完全气体三维Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程,数值方法采用激波捕捉的ＮＮＤ隐式算法,计算区域为含底部的全流场。文中给出了流场特性和气功力系数,并与实验结果进行了对比。     

对氨基酚的薄层色谱法研究

研究了用薄层色谱法定性及定量测定对氨基酚、苯胺和硝基苯,探讨了色谱分离的最佳展开剂和显色剂。在硅胶Ｇ板上,以苯－丙酮（８：２）作展开剂,对氨基酚、苯胺和硝基苯的Ｒｆ值分别为０．１６,０．４８,０．６３．用ＣＳ－９３０薄层扫描仪紫外定量测定对氨基酚、苯胺和硝基苯的线性范围分别为０．０５￣１２,０．０２￣３８．７,０．２￣９．３μｇ．用铁－氰化钾三氯化铁法显色后测定对氨基酚和苯胺的线性范围分别为０．０     

三维超声速开式空腔振荡特性研究

采用时间3阶、空间5阶的高精度、高分辨率格式,对稳态来流条件下超声速开式空腔的非定常振荡特性进行数值研究。通过二维和三维空腔压力变化、声压级、振荡频率等参数的计算和分析表明:空腔内存在典型的压力振荡,振荡有近似的周期性,且变化规律较复杂,三维空腔对主振荡频率影响较小,但振荡强度有较大的不同。     

空腔噪声非线性数值模拟

将雷诺平均N-S方程与非线性噪声求解方法相结合,对M219空腔在Ma=0.6,Ma=0.85,Ma=1.35条件下进行了气动噪声分析。通过雷诺平均N-S方程求解空腔流场,得到包含空腔平均流场基本特征以及强制设定的湍流脉动统计描述的初始湍流统计平均解,采用非线性噪声求解方法重构噪声源并高精度模拟压力脉动的传播。通过与试验结果对比表明非线性噪声求解方法能够较好地捕捉空腔流动中的压强脉动及噪声水平。与分离涡模拟方法相比,非线性噪声求解方法在保持计算精度的同时大大减少计算网格,对内埋弹舱快速设计具有一定的参考意义。     

舰载导弹垂直发射过程中甲板面燃气流场仿真分析

基于三维、雷诺平均N-S方程和k-ε二方程的紊流模型,采用数值计算方法对舰载导弹垂直发射过程中燃气流对甲板面及其上设备的影响进行了仿真分析。通过数值模拟,得到了导弹发射过程中产生的燃气流作用在弹舱盖、排气盖及甲板面上的压力分布规律,并给出了一些特性曲线,最后与实际试验结果进行了比较验证。     

基于STK的机载布撒器弹道仿真

机载布撒器是快速、远程、精确打击的新一代空对地攻击武器,对其弹道的研究有着重要意义。建立了机载布撒器飞行弹道仿真模型,运用能量法消除了风对布撒器的部分干扰,通过MATLAB得出布撒器弹道数据及二维弹道,利用STK软件强大的弹道仿真能力,建立布撒器仿真星历文件及姿态文件,设置地面站并运用YPR旋转方法转换坐标系,添加了布撒器仿真模型,以布撒器为中心视角展示并完成了三维弹道仿真,为后续对布撒器改装提供了一定参考依据。     

子母弹研究进展

本文综述了子母弹的发展现状,分析了子母弹具备的特点和它的发展趋势,并对子母弹涉及的关键技术作了一些探讨。     

制导航空子母炸弹高速抛撒分离数值仿真

制导航空子母炸弹在跨音速抛撒子弹药过程中，子弹药与母弹的分离伴随着复杂的流场和激波干扰，该过程中不仅存在着激波与激波的相互碰撞、部分激波的多次反射，而且由于受到多体运动的相互作用，其气流方向也发生变化，形成了变化复杂的压力、速度分布区域。采用数值模拟的方法对制导航空子母炸弹子弹药高速抛撒分离过程进行了数值仿真分析，应用嵌套网格技术，耦合多体动力学方程以及 N－S 方程求解子母炸弹高速分离过程，为工程设计、研究提供理论指导与计算依据。     

Factors that affect the optimal amount of central control in complex systems

Whereas much of the previous research in complex systems has focused on emergent properties resulting from self‐organization of the individual agents that make up the system, this article studies one vital role of central organization. In particular, four factors are conjectured to be key in determining the optimal amount of central control. To validate this hypothesis, these factors are represented as controllable parameters in a mathematical model. For different combinations of parameter values, the optimal amount of central control is found, either analytically or by computer simulation. The model is shown to provide results that match well with the level of control found across a broad spectrum of specific complex systems. This model also provides general guidelines as to how combinations of these factors affect the desirable level of control and specific guidelines for selecting and evaluating leaders. These results indicate that all of these factors, though not exhaustive, should be considered carefully when attempting to determine the amount of control that is best for a system. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

室内火灾轰燃喷出火焰的数值模拟研究

利用FDS软件等对小规模轰燃后火灾的喷出火焰进行了数值模拟,得到了喷出火焰的根部温度、平均温度、辐射热通量等重要参数的模拟结果;将这些模拟结果与同等条件下的实验结果进行了对比分析,发现二者之间比较吻合。研究表明：利用FDS等模拟喷出火焰的可靠性较高,根据模拟结果可以进一步研究喷出火焰的有关问题。     

Using hybrid metaheuristics for the one‐way and two‐way network design problem

A network with traffic between nodes is known. The links of the network can be designed either as two‐way links or as one‐way links in either direction. The problem is to find the best configuration of the network which minimizes total travel time for all users. Branch and bound optimal algorithms are practical only for small networks (up to 15 nodes). Effective simulated annealing and genetic algorithms are proposed for the solution of larger problems. Both the simulated annealing and the genetic algorithms propose innovative approaches. These innovative ideas can be used in the implementation of these heuristic algorithms for other problems as well. Additional tabu search iterations are applied on the best results obtained by these two procedures. The special genetic algorithm was found to be the best for solving a set of test problems. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 449–463, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10026     

A novel formulation of material nonlinear analysis in structural mechanics

This article demonstrates a novel approach for material nonlinear analysis. This analysis procedure eliminates tedious and lengthy step by step incremental and then iterative procedure adopted classically and gives direct results in the linear as well as in nonlinear range of the material behavior. Use of elastic moduli is eliminated. Instead, stress and strain functions are used as the material input in the analysis procedure. These stress and strain functions are directly derived from the stress-strain behavior of the material by the method of curve fitting. This way, the whole stress-strain diagram is utilized in the analysis which naturally exposes the response of structure when loading is in nonlinear range of the material behavior. It is found that it is an excellent computational procedure adopted so far for material nonlinear analysis which gives very accurate results, easy to adopt and simple in calculations. The method eliminates all types of linearity assumptions in basic derivations of equations and hence, eliminates all types of possibility of errors in the analysis procedure as well. As it is required to know stress distribution in the structural body by proper modelling and structural idealization, the proposed analysis approach can be regarded as stress-based analysis procedure. Basic problems such as uniaxial problem, beam bending, and torsion problems are solved. It is found that approach is very suitable for solving the problems of fracture mechanics. Energy release rate for plate with center crack and double cantilever beam specimen is also evaluated. The approach solves the fracture problem with relative ease in strength of material style calculations. For all problems, results are compared with the classical displacement-based liner theory.     

An M/M/1 queue with delayed feedback

We present some results for M/M/1 queues with finite capacities with delayed feedback. The delay in the feedback to an M/M/1 queue is modelled as another M-server queue with a finite capacity. The steady state probabilities for the two dimensional Markov process {N(t), M(t)} are solved when N(t) = queue length at server 1 at t and M(t) = queue length at server 2 at t. It is shown that a matrix operation can be performed to obtain the steady state probabilities. The eigenvalues of the operator and its eigenvectors are found. The problem is solved by fitting boundary conditions to the general solution and by normalizing. A sample problem is run to show that the solution methods can be programmed and meaningful results obtained numerically.     

Optimization of process parameters of the activated tungsten inert gas welding for aspect ratio of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel welds

The activated TIG (ATIG) welding process mainly focuses on increasing the depth of penetration and the reduction in the width of weld bead has not been paid much attention. The shape of a weld in terms of its width-to-depth ratio known as aspect ratio has a marked influence on its solidification cracking tendency. The major influencing ATIG welding parameters, such as electrode gap, travel speed, current and voltage, that aid in controlling the aspect ratio of DSS joints, must be optimized to obtain desirable aspect ratio for DSS joints. Hence in this study, the above parameters of ATIG welding for aspect ratio of ASTM/UNS S32205 DSS welds are optimized by using Taguchi orthogonal array (OA) experimental design and other statistical tools such as Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Pooled ANOVA techniques. The optimum process parameters are found to be 1 mm electrode gap, 130 mm/min travel speed, 140 A current and 12 V voltage. The aspect ratio and the ferrite content for the DSS joints fabricated using the optimized ATIG parameters are found to be well within the acceptable range and there is no macroscopically evident solidification cracking.     

The graph association problem: Mathematical models and a lagrangian heuristic

Graph association is the problem of merging many graphs that collectively describe a set of possibly repetitive entities and relationships into a single graph that contains unique entities and relationships. As a form of data association, graph association can be used to identify when two sensors are observing the same object so information from both sensors can be combined and analyzed in a meaningful and consistent way. Graph association between two graphs is related to the problem of graph matching, and between multiple graphs it is related to the common labeling of a graph set (also known as multiple graph matching) problem. This article contribution is to formulate graph association as a binary linear program and introduce a heuristic for solving multiple graph association using a Lagrangian relaxation approach to address issues with between‐graph transitivity requirements. The algorithms are tested on a representative dataset. The developed model formulation was found to accurately solve the graph association problem. Furthermore, the Lagrangian heuristic was found to solve the developed model within 3% of optimal on many problem instances, and found better solutions to large problems than is possible by directly using CPLEX. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013