武器协同数据链发展趋势及关键技术

武器协同数据链是武器装备的信息传输装置,实现各类战术信息实时传输和共享,支持武器装备协同探测、协同定位、协同突防、协同攻击.阐述了武器协同数据链现状,分析了新作战模式对武器协同数据链的能力需求,论述了武器协同数据链全球覆盖、弹性可重构、低时延高动态组网、抗强干扰、抗截获等发展趋势,总结了数据链弹性可重构、大规模低时延高动态组网、基于认知的智能抗干扰、多域综合抗截获等关键技术.     

一种通用防空指挥系统接入数据链的设计与实现

现代空袭的突然性、隐蔽性、机动性和破坏性不断增强,对空地联合防空作战提出了新的需求,数据链作为战术级联合作战协同的重要手段及综合电子信息系统的组成部分,其建设水平的高低将严重影响整个体系的作战能力。按照使用方提出的战术要求,给出了在不改变现有陆军防空作战指挥系统性能的基础上,通过加装数据链接入设备、专用接入处理及分发软件,使现有系统在数据链设备的支持下,具备与空、海军实现空情共享及联合作战的目的。     

区域防空网络化作战系统中战术数据链应用

在网络化作战模式下,只有依靠不断发展的数据链技术,才能实现信息源、武器平台和指控中心三者之间的链接.主要探讨了战术数据链的特点、发展情况及其在区域防空网络化作战系统中的体系结构、信息流程等问题,重点突出了战术数据链中与现代化作战模式相适应的环节,分析了区域防空网络化作战系统中专用战术数据链所涉及的一些关键技术.将为构建适合区域防空网络化作战的战术数据链提供一定的参考依据.     

弹间协同制导自组网数据链集成设计方法

针对未来体系化作战需求,弹间自组网数据链利用各类传感器、数据库等资源,通过实时共享作战过程中目标、态势、威胁信息、导弹状态等信息,可实现弹间相互战术和技术的配合。主要研究了弹间自组网数据链集成设计方法,定义了由传统飞行控制系统以及自组网数据链系统组成的协同制导控制系统,分析了导弹自主信息与导弹协同信息2类协同制导信息及其信息流向;研究了弹间自组网数据链系统方案设计方法,包括数据链路与方案设计、协议与算法设计以及终端设计等;此外,总结了弹间自组网数据链验证试验设计方法,包括内场测试及外场测试等,可为导弹协同制导自组网数据链系统设计提供有效指导,为弹群体系化协同攻击提供基础信息保障。     

数据链综合训练模拟系统设计

信息化条件下的高技术战争,战术数据链是武器装备中的重要部分,也是夺取信息优势、决策优势和作战优势的重要支撑。以数据链综合训练需求为牵引,针对数据链作战应用的规律特点,设计数据链综合训练模拟系统的基本框架,分析了其功能需求,研究了双以太网物理结构、基于HLA的通信支撑环境、时空及网络一致性描述等方法与技术在系统中的应用,提出了系统应用工作流程。系统设计构想对数据链作战运用及仿真系统开发具有借鉴作用。     

战术数据链的建设与发展

通过回顾战术数据链的建设与发展历程 ,提出了战术数据链定义、类型。介绍了战术数据链的国际现状 ,给出了欧美国家现有战术数据链。分析了美军战术数据链建设情况 ,着重研究了 16号链及 JTIDS的特点、运用和发展情况 ,就JTIDS的相对导航原理和对作战效能的影响进行了分析。指出了俄军战术数据链状况 ,说明了某型俄制飞机空空战术数据链的应用方法。最后依据本国实际提出了我军战术数据链建设和发展的意见和建议 ,提供了研究与开发的技术途径。     

战术数据链作战效能定量评估方法

首先考虑战术数据通信对传统作战模型的约束,提出了一种基于战术数据通信的作战模型约束描述方法,并以航空兵对空作战为例,对作战能力指数模型进行了形式化描述。然后以目标发现能力来评估战术数据链协同通信对飞机对空作战能力的提升效果。最后采用EINSTein模拟检验了战术数据通信对飞机作战效能的增强作用,验证方法有效性。     

信息化条件下联合作战协同对数据链系统的需求

诸军兵种间的协同是联合作战的核心和实质,是增强体系作战能力,发挥整体作战效能的关键.数据链作为战术级联合作战协同的重要手段以及综合电子信息系统的组成部分,其建设和运用水平的高低将严重影响联合作战协同效能,进而影响体系作战能力的生成.文章从联合作战协同的地位作用入手,分别阐释了信息化条件下联合作战协同在内容、质量、方法、...     

战术数据链的现状及未来发展趋势

在现代数字化战争中,数据链可以提供各种实时或近实时的作战信息,将指挥控制系统、计算机及各种数据终端组成有机的无缝网络系统,实现作战信息资源共享,是提高战斗力的倍增器.介绍了战术数据链的概念及组成,并分析其功能、战术特点和分类标准.从系统组成、技术特点和装备情况等方面,着重介绍了外军常用的4A号数据链、11号数据链、16号数据链和22号数据链等重要战术数据链,并进行了分析比较.在此基础上,对数据链未来的发展趋势进行了探讨.     

基于数据链的联合作战技术

依靠多层次的协同作战数据链联系成一个统一的系统,介绍了联合火力打击的作战概念和相关要素,包括联合作战思路、交战过程、活动模型等,并介绍了基于数据链的联合火力打击的特点和关键技术,解决了数据快速分发和信息共享的问题,从而实现诸军兵种联合火力打击的协同作战。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.