舰艇新型平衡变压器及其应用

针对舰船电力系统带单相负载运行引起的三相不平衡问题,首先设计了一种适用于舰艇电力系统的新型平衡变压器,给出了变压器的基本结构,并推导出其数学模型,分别建立了电磁关系和原副边电流关系,有限元仿真证明了所设计的平衡变压器能够实现两相对称系统到三相对称系统的转换,验证了理论推导的正确性;然后,提出了一种基于新型平衡变压器的舰船单相负载供电方式,开展了MATLAB仿真,结果表明:应用平衡变压器后电网电流不平衡度更低,负序特性更好;最后,研制了1 kW实验样机,并进行了性能测试,实验结果与理论分析、仿真结果是一致的。     

三相逆变器并联驱动系统环流的研究

三相逆变器并联驱动系统能有效地为大功率电机驱动提供能量,但同时也带来环流问题。环流会使得三相电流波形畸变,导致电机转矩输出波动,降低电机效率。鉴于此,首先基于坐标变换将ABC三相交流分解为dq0直流,并在此基础上建立了共直流母线三相并联逆变器等效电路模型;然后,研究了并联环路不同参数对环流影响;最后,基于并联逆变器驱动系统实验验证了文中理论及仿真分析的正确性。     

一种新型阻抗匹配平衡变压器及模型试验

为了解决三相电力系统带单相或两相负载引起的不平衡问题,提出了一种新型阻抗匹配平衡变压器。首先,阐述了该变压器的基本原理,建立了基本方程组,并推导出原副边绕组电流之间关系,得出了平衡条件和两相负载的解耦条件以及对应的短路阻抗关系;然后,用ANSOFT12分别对带对称负载和非对称负载进行了仿真,制作了变压器模型并进行了多工况实验,仿真和实验结果验证了理论的正确性。该变压器绕组和铁心结构简单,A相和C相绕组完全对称,便于设计制造。同时,原边有可以引出接地的中性点,副边有容纳三次谐波电流的闭合回路,两相输出电压有公共点,适用于需要单相或两相电源供电的场合。     

地磁场水平梯度对飞机磁干扰补偿精度的影响

分析了地磁场水平梯度对飞机磁场模型的影响,利用航空磁测试验数据和地磁场水平梯度仿真数据,对飞机磁场模型系数进行了求解计算,并对飞机在特定航向上机动飞行时产生的干扰磁场进行了仿真补偿试验.计算和仿真试验结果表明:地磁场水平梯度引起的飞机磁场和方向余弦变化会使飞机磁场求解结果产生偏差,从而降低飞机磁干扰补偿精度.     

载体感应磁场的改进积分方程法

针对几何结构复杂的载体感应磁场计算问题,提出采用面单元和体单元分别对铁磁物体薄壳体结构、非薄壳体结构剖分,并实现了感应磁场的积分方程法计算。球-球体模型解析算例表明,所提方法数值精度可靠,其平均相对误差不超过0.27%;船舶模型仿真算例表明,该方法在单元量规模较小时计算精度较好,体现了方法在载体感应磁场建模方面的优势。将该方法分别应用于潜艇主舱段-设备模型和潜艇主舱段模型磁场计算时,数值结果与实验结果平均相对误差均小于2%,数值和实验结果比较表明,铁磁设备对模型磁场影响显著。仿真和实验算例均表明所提方法可有效应用于载体的感应磁场计算,具有一定的工程实用价值。     

逆变器-异步电机电磁噪声的分析与研究

利用Ansoft建立了样机的二维模型,计算了样机在空载运行下的各性能参数,分析了样机内的磁场分布情况.在此基础上,计算了负载大小、机壳设计尺寸和逆变器供电对异步电机电磁噪声的影响.仿真分析表明:通过合理改变机壳尺寸和质量以及选择合适的逆变器开关频率的方法可实现异步电机的降噪.     

基于双边LCCL结构的ICPT系统 水下适应性研究

为了研究海水环境对双边LCCL结构的感应式无线供电(ICPT)系统传输性能的影响,分析了双边LCCL谐振结构的工作原理及输出特性。从海水压力、线圈位置变化以及涡流损耗三个方面研究了海洋环境对系统传输性能的影响,给出了在线圈错位状态下线圈互感的计算方法,并引入修正系数对现有涡流损耗计算模型进行修正,使之更符合介质中实际的磁场分布。仿真和实验验证了该方法的正确性和可行性。     

单、三相汽油发电机组的设计

目前,我军军事装备中仪器设备用电单、三相混用的情况较为普遍,普通的单相或三相交流发电机组都不能很好地满足需要,单相机组无法给三相设备提供电源,三相机组单相负载能力较差,而且在三相负载不平衡量较大的情况下,三相电压也极不平衡,严重威胁着用电设备及发电机组的安全使用。为了满足部队这一特殊需要,我们设计了单、三相汽油发电机装配汽油发电机组,满足了部队单、三相混用的要求,并最大限度地抑制了三相电压的不平衡量,使各用电器均能安全可靠使用。下面就已通过技术鉴定的8kW单、三相发电机组各项性能指标的设计作一介绍。     

分段供电六相圆筒式直线感应电动机数学模型

为研究新型分段供电六相圆筒式直线感应电动机的运行规律,针对其不对称运行的特点,采用磁动势理论推导了气隙中与空间位置无关的脉振磁场的电感矩阵表达式,通过将其引入abc坐标系下对称的电机数学模型,从而构建描述六相圆筒式直线感应电机不对称的数学模型。在Simulink环境下,采用隐式梯形法构建该不对称模型的系统仿真模型。对样机进行仿真分析和实验验证,仿真结果与实验数据吻合良好,验证了模型的正确性。     

典型飞机红外辐射特性及探测仿真研究

依据红外辐射的基本原理,针对隐身飞机的发动机尾焰、尾喷口和飞机蒙皮三大主要辐射源,建立了隐身飞机的红外辐射模型,提出了基于温度场分布的飞机红外辐射计算方法,并对某型飞机的红外隐身效果进行了仿真。根据红外探测器的工作原理,得到经大气传输和目标与背景对比后探测器接收到的有效目标信息,仿真计算了探测距离随波长的变化情况。研究结果对隐身飞机的设计以及红外制导防空导弹武器系统的设计和应用提供了重要的参考依据。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.