新型起爆系统安全性计算机辅助分析

介绍了新型起爆系统,针对发射周期前、发射周期中和发射周期后安全距离内3个阶段建立了3棵安全性故障树并进行了数值计算。分析和计算结果表明,所设计的新型起爆系统符合美军标的相关规定,安全性失效率达到了美军标的要求,是高安全的起爆系统。该系统对推进钝感弹药引爆技术,特别是高新技术弹药的发展有重要意义。随着信息技术的发展,它将成为最先进的起爆系统。     

考虑火药中钝感剂含量分布的内弹道计算

针对某新型弹药弹道性能检测的需要,利用气相色谱法对其发射药中钝感剂含量分布进行了测定,建立了考虑钝感剂含量分布的该新型火炮的内弹道模型。模型中钝感剂对弹道性能的影响是通过对火药燃速和火药力的影响来体现的。应用该模型对2个批次的弹药进行了内弹道计算,并对一定樟脑含量的火药内弹道性能进行了预测。计算结果表明,樟脑含量对最大膛压影响较大,但对初速的影响则不如膛压明显。     

钝感弹药

本文介绍了钝感弹药的概念及要求,重点介绍了国外在钝感炸药、钝感推进剂、钝感传爆药的发展状况。     

MIL-STD-1466《烟火药引爆火炸药装药类弹药的安全性准则和鉴定要求》分析

本文对 MIL—STD—1466《烟火药引爆火炸药装药类弹药的安全性准则和鉴定要求》进行了分析,建议组织弹药专业有关专家等效采用该美军标,制定我国国家军用标准《烟火药引爆火炸药装药类弹药的安全性准则和鉴定要求》,以推进我国小口径弹药技术的发展。     

不敏感弹药技术的发展现状与趋势

不敏感弹药已成为弹药发展的必然方向,提升弹药本质安全性对于保护己方作战平台、人员安全,提升弹药战场生存能力有着重要的意义.本文从不敏感弹药的评估标准及试验方法、不敏感炸药、不敏感缓释技术3个方面对国外研究现状进行了阐述与分析.分别从试验刺激源参数的科学设置、反应等级评估标准统一,新型黏结剂、增塑剂及主体炸药的降感、控制...     

功能奇特的现代引信

引信是弹药的重要组成部分。按照传统的概念,引信主要用于控制弹药的最佳起爆位置和时机,是利用目标信息和环境信息,在预定条件下引爆或引燃弹药战斗部装药的控制装置或系统。引信通常由发火控制系统、安全系统、能源装置、爆炸序列等组成。按作用方式和原理,引信可分为触发引信、近炸引信、周炸引信、时间引信、指令引信、多选择引信等。随着科学技术的迅猛发展,引信的功能与技术内涵随之扩大。20世纪80年     

超大规模集成(VLSI)电路应用于“灵巧探测器”

本文所介绍的一组灵巧探测器是用VLSI来实现的,且用于信息采集和弹药引爆系统。这类探测器是以微型信号处理器技术为基础的,并在满足系统低价格、小尺寸以及极低功耗的约束条件下,能以高度可靠性及灵活性来实时地识别、探测和（或）分类特定目标的特征。 基本的设计方案能适应由多种多样传感器所组成的多路输入。具体来说,文中阐明了利用地震波及声波的输入,来进行信息采集和火箭炮弹引爆,或利用水听器输入来进行水下声波处理等应用情况。     

浅斩末敏弹研制方法

末敏弹是一种以导弹为载体，通常采用子母弹结构，主要用于攻击敌集群装甲目标顶部装甲的新型灵巧弹药，其战斗部可以在弹道的末端探测出装甲目标的方位并发出指令引爆EFP朝目标方向爆炸。本文从国内外的研究现状着手，比较了美国、德国等西方国家的末敏弹战斗部的发展现状，并介绍了导弹末敏子弹的工作过程，为末敏弹的研制提供了一定的参考价值。     

浅析末敏弹研制方法

末敏弹是一种以导弹为载体,通常采用子母弹结构,主要用于攻击敌集群装甲目标顶部装甲的新型灵巧弹药,其战斗部可以在弹道的末端探测出装甲目标的方位并发出指令引爆EFP朝目标方向爆炸。本文从国内外的研究现状着手,比较了美国、德国等西方国家的末敏弹战斗部的发展现状,并介绍了导弹末敏子弹的工作过程,为末敏弹的研制提供了一定的参考价值。     

钝感力是一种“毒药”

随着电视剧《士兵突击》的热播，那个傻傻的，一根筋的士兵许三多火了，随着日本作家渡边淳一的新作《钝感力》的畅销，“钝感处世哲学”也在我们身边渐渐兴起。有人说，许三多就是对“钝感力”一词最好的诠释。他的迟钝，缺心眼让他心无旁骛，专心致志地做他认为有意义的事，他成功了，这就是钝感的力量。     

The investigation of NTO/HMX-based plastic-bonded explosives and its safety performance

3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) is the main component of insensitive munitions (IM) formulation because of its outstanding insensitive properties.In this paper,a series of NTO/HMX-based composite explosives were prepared and characterized.The study focuses on the effect of NTO on the performance of the formulations,especially the safety performance.The results revealed that the mechanical sensi-tivity of formulations was associated with NTO content,as well as the thermal conductivity,specific heat capacity and Arrhenius parameters.Then,the high amount of NTO using in formulation was proved to be helpful for NTO/HMX-based formulation to exhibit good thermal safety.Besides,by accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) and a modified cook-offequipment,the pressure and pressure rise rate were proved as the important indicator for judging the thermal safety performance in confined spaces.Finally,the numerical simulation was used as a credible method for predicting the respond temperature of cook-off experiment.     

舰炮制导弹药发展研究

从舰炮制导弹药的基本概念出发,结合其使命任务,对比中美两栖作战力量区别,指出发展低成本高精度制导兵器的必要性。总结当前国内外对制导弹药的研究现状,提取其关键技术,对比中外在顶层概念设计、系统交联、弹药实验测试等方面的发展差距,为下一步制导弹药的研究,提出了阶梯式、螺旋式发展、加强基础性研究工作、开展制导弹药协同控制技术研究等重要建议。     

Formulation development and characterization of cellulose acetate nitrate based propellants for improved insensitive munitions properties

Cellulose acetate nitrate (CAN) was used as an insensitive energetic binder to improve the insensitive munitions (IM) properties of gun propellants to replace the M1 propellant used in 105 mm artillery charges. CAN contains the energetic nitro groups found in nitrocellulose (NC), but also acetyl functionalities, which lowered the polymer's sensitivity to heat and shock, and therefore improved its IM properties relative to NC. The formulation, development and small-scale characterization testing of several CAN-based propellants were done. The formulations, using insensitive energetic solid fillers and high-nitrogen modifiers in place of nitramine were completed. The small scale characterization testing, such as closed bomb testing, small scale sensitivity, thermal stability, and chemical compatibility were done. The mechanical response of the propellants under high-rate uni-axial compression at, hot, cold, and ambient temperatures were also completed. Critical diameter testing, hot fragment conductive ignition (HFCI) tests were done to evaluate the propellants' responses to thermal and shock stimuli. Utilizing the propellant chemical composition, theoretical predictions of erosivity were completed. All the small scale test results were utilized to down-select the promising CAN based formulations for large scale demonstration testing such as the ballistic performance and fragment impact testing in the 105 mm M67 artillery charge configurations. The test results completed in the small and large scale testing are discussed.     

电视侦察弹侦察效力的演化仿真优化研究

为了保证电视侦察弹能到达目标区域的上空并发挥最优的侦察效力,采用了基于遗传算法的启发式仿真优化方法来解决炮射电视侦察弹的优化使用问题.分析了电视侦察弹的主要影响因素,建立了用于计算目标侦察效力的仿真模型,引入了演化策略,实现了基于进化计算的启发式仿真优化系统,并求取了电视侦察弹的最大侦察效力及其主要影响因素的最优搭配....     

Preparation of reduced sensitivity co-crystals of cyclic nitramines using spray flash evaporation

The present day weapon technology demands novel energetic materials that exhibit simultaneous high explosive yield and reduced sensitivity. This article demonstrates application of spray evaporation to prepare reduced sensitive co-crystals of high performance nitramine explosives like HMX and CL-20 with a relatively less insensitive explosive 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene or FOX-7. Stronger intermolecular hydrogen bonding in FOX-7 is responsible for limited solubility in most of organic solvents. Large solubility differences of FOX-7 with HMX and CL-20 restricts it's co-crystallization through classical methods that yields thermodynamically favorable product. Spray flash evaporation, a kinetic crystallization method, has been therefore adopted and could successfully produce CL-20/FOX-7 (2:1) and HMX/FOX-7 (4:1) co-crystals. The fine powdered materials obtained were characterized by SEM, powder XRD, Raman spectroscopy, DSC-TGA etc. Multipoint Raman spectra showed consistent occurrence of spectral features indicating stoichiometric co-existence of ingredients in the crystal lattices. DSC analysis showed absence of all thermally assisted solid-solid phase transformation in the co-crystals as they were observed in pristine materials. The thermal stability calculated in terms of activation barrier for decomposition, revealed the CL-20/FOX-7 co-crystal to be intermediately stable on comparison to their constituents while, the HMX/FOX-7 co-crystal is more stable. Compared to pure HMX and CL-20, both the co-crystals have shown higher insensitivity to impact force, suggesting them to be suitable for future generation insensitive munitions.     

网络化弹药协同作战效能研究

首先分析了网络化弹药协同作战的过程,提出了网络化弹药作战效能的评估方法及定义,并对影响作战效能的因素进行了分析。针对作战方案在实战或仿真推演过程中反映战场态势等方面的特征,相应地提出了网络化弹药作战的效能指标:目标识别率、目标杀伤率、假目标攻击率、效费比,然后利用作战仿真法,验证了不同影响因素下协同作战和非协同作战的效能。仿真结果表明了网络化弹药协同作战具有较高的作战效能。     

精确制导弹药的作战效能分析

现代战争中,精确制导武器发挥着越来越重要的作用,已引起世界各国的高度重视。利用精确制导武器对敌方的高价值要害目标进行"点穴式"打击是现代军事强国一个惯用的攻击手段。分析了精确制导弹药的特点,研究和探讨了精确制导弹药对目标的压制和摧毁效能。分析结果对提高指挥员的指挥决策质量和效率,实施和应对未来战场上空袭中的"点穴式"打击具有积极的意义。     

Shock initiation performance of NTO-based polymer bonded explosive

3-nitro-1,2,4-tri-azol-5-one (NTO) is a high energy insensitive explosive. To study the shock initiation process of NTO-based polymer bonded explosive JEOL-1 (32%octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), 32% NTO, 28% Al and 8% binder system), the cylinder test, the gap experiments and numerical simulation were carried out. Firstly, we got the detonation velocity (7746 m/s) and the parameters of Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) equation of state (EOS) for detonation product by cylinder test and numerical simulation. Secondly, the Hugoniot curve of unreacted explosive for JEOL-1 was obtained calculating the data of pressure and time at different Lagrangian positions. Then the JWL EOS of unreacted explosive was obtained by utilizing the Hugoniot curve as the reference curve. Finally, we got the pressure growth history of JEOL-1 under shock wave stimulation and the parameters of the ignition and growth reaction rate equation were obtained by the pressure-time curves measured by the shock-initiation gap experiment and numerical simulation. The determined trinomial ignition and growth model (IG model) parameters can be applied to subsequently simulation analysis and design of insensitive ammunition with NTO-based polymer bonded explosive.     

弹载SINS/GPS组合导航信息同步与融合技术

针对一种基于DSP+FPGA+MCU多处理器计算机平台的弹载组合导航系统设计了精确有效的信息同步的方法,采用GPS接收机提供的1PPS脉冲和MCU提供的脉冲信号实现GPS和SINS信号时间上的同步,采用杆臂校正算法完成了GPS和SINS测量信号空间上的同步.由于系统噪声难于准确统计,因此采用自适应卡尔曼滤波算法进行数据融合.最后对系统进行了跑车试验,试验结果表明系统所采用的方法具有较好的效果.