基于灰色关联投影法的空中加油机驻场选址评价

提出了一种基于灰色关联投影法的空中加油机驻场选址评价方法,分析了空中加油机驻场选址影响因素,设计了评价指标体系,并运用熵值理论客观赋权,构建了加权灰色关联决策矩阵。通过比较备选方案与理想方案灰色关联投影角,根据灰色关联投影值对备选方案进行优劣排序。算例分析结果符合现实场站选择条件,说明该方法能够有效解决空中加油机驻场选址问题。     

多指标综合评估决策的一种新方法

为了解决评估决策过程中不同类型指标难以综合处理等问题,提出一种新的评估决策方法。该方法以投影技术为基础,将实数指标、区间型指标和模糊型指标综合起来,形成评估矩阵,并根据指标优劣差异对其进行规范化处理;然后通过各方案在某个指标下的评估差异值的大小确定该指标的权重,由此得出各方案在正负理想点上的投影,实现待评方案综合排序。以网络质量综合评估决策为例,对其基本原理和实施步骤进行了分析。实验结果表明:该方法是有效的,为多种类型指标综合评估决策提供了一种新思路。     

灰色关联投影法的威胁排序算法

威胁评估与排序是作战系统和C4I系统必须具备的重要功能.结合多指标决策理论和灰色系统理论,提出了基于多指标决策灰色关联投影法的威胁排序算法.首先通过建立灰色关联判断矩阵将威胁排序转化为多指标决策问题;其次为缩小极端值的影响提出了基于信息熵的威胁指标权重算法;最后从矢量投影角度应用灰色关联投影值进行威胁排序;并分别研究了分辨系数和指标权重对威胁排序的影响.通过现代防空作战实例验证了算法的有效性和工程实用性.     

混合多属性决策投影算法的装甲分队目标价值评估

科学评价混合多属性目标价值是装甲分队作战决策的基础,为提高信息化装甲分队作战辅助决策水平,建立了混合多属性评估矩阵并运用投影算法完成目标价值评估与排序。实例分析表明,基于混合多属性决策投影算法可合理有效地评估多目标价值,为分队指挥员科学决策提供重要数据支持。     

基于数据包络分析交叉效率模型的装备保障方案评估

针对装备使用过程中对具体保障方案评估研究少,传统自我评估方法存在主观偏好等问题,采用基于交叉效率的数据包络分析法(DEA),对某保障单位近10年来的装备保障方案进行了评估。分析并构建了装备保障方案评估指标体系,建立了基于DEA交叉效率的装备保障方案评估模型;通过Matlab编程计算得出各方案效率值,并进行有效性分析;根据投影原理对DEA无效方案提出改进方向;通过交叉效率模型计算得出效率评估矩阵,据此对方案进行优劣排序;对比分析了CCR模型和交叉效率模型评估结果。实际评估表明,该方法有效克服了传统DEA评估方法指标权重确立主观性强、不能对有效决策单元进一步排序的不足,从而使评估结果更客观、可信。     

多属性决策的野战防空作战部署方案评估

为适应战场环境的多变性和不确定性,从能够决定战场态势的多重因素出发,对防空作战部署方案进行评估,从多个备选方案中选出最优方案。针对评估指标的多变性和不确定性,提出了多属性决策的评估方法。影响作战部署的因素有主次之分,对于各个参数的权重问题,采用了熵值法计算以进行权重的确定。根据各个方案的参数计算出理想解和负理想解,继而计算出各个方案的相对贴近度,由此实现对最优部署方案的快速选择。最后通过一个实例验证了评估方法的有效性。     

高性能炸药综合性能的多维评估

基于欧几里得几何距离的概念,给出了一种炸药综合性能的多维空间评估方法。这种方法在确定炸药理想方案和最差方案的基础上,综合考虑了各种炸药方案与理想方案和最差方案的欧几里得几何距离,以此评估炸药综合性能。     

基于相近和相似机理的装备作战效能评估模型

本文基于对评估指标体系数据曲线与作战任务需求数据曲线之间的相近性(位置关系)和相似性(态势变化)机理,提出了基于理想解和灰色关联度的装备作战效能评估方法.首先,构建了基于层次性指标体系的多阶段作战效能评估立体数据;其次,介绍了基于相近性和相似性机理的装备作战效能评估基本思路;再次,分别建立了基于指标值差异程度的相对贴近...     

基于Vague集投影及距离的空中目标威胁评估方法

针对已有空中目标威胁评估方法存在的不足,提出一种基于Vague集投影及距离的威胁评估新方法。分析并确定了空中目标威胁因素中的评估指标,给出了评价指标的Vague值表示方法。在此基础上,应用Vague集投影及距离的多属性模糊决策理论,建立了空中目标威胁评估的数学模型,给出了目标威胁的排序方法。最后通过实例分析验证,该方法评估结果准确,对指挥员科学决策具有一定的参考价值。     

基于灰色理想方案的气垫艇登陆点优选

气垫艇登陆点优选是超越式登陆作战训练过程中必须解决的核心问题之一.结合灰关联分析理论、熵值法和逼近于理想的技术,提出了一种基于灰色理想方案的灰关联分析技术.建立使登陆点条件最优化的目标函数而求得备选登陆点的评估系数,从而根据备选登陆点的评估系数的大小排序选择最优登陆点.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.