电磁带隙结构单脊波导缝隙相控阵天线的实验研究

提出一种电磁带隙结构交错排列的单脊波导缝隙相控阵天线,并与相同尺寸的普通单脊波导缝隙相控阵天线作比较。测试结果表明该天线的方向图得到了明显的改善,单元之间的耦合系数减小,背瓣的辐射电平显著降低,扫描特性得到了改善;同时也说明了电磁带隙结构可以取得比扼流槽更好的抑制表面波的效果。这对于提高单脊波导缝隙相控阵天线的辐射性能具有重要意义。     

低RCS EBG波导缝隙阵列天线

将Mushroom电磁带隙结构(Electromagnetic Band Gap,EBG)的表面波带隙和同相反射特性同时用于波导缝隙阵列天线的设计,利用EBG的带隙特性抑制天线阵中的表面波,以改善天线的辐射性能;利用EBG的同相反射特性实现天线雷达散射截面(Radar Cross Section,RCS)的减缩,天线综合性能得到较大提升。制作了EBG波导缝隙天线阵样品,并对天线阵的阵元互耦、辐射方向图及天线阵RCS等指标进行了测试,结果与理论预期相吻合,有效地降低了阵元间互耦及天线阵RCS。     

新型的低RCS圆极化微带天线设计

针对圆极化微带天线的宽频带雷达散射截面(RCS)减缩问题,提出了一种新颖的超材料覆盖层结构,该结构同时具有部分反射特性和宽频带的极化旋转特性,可以在提高天线增益的同时实现RCS的宽频带减缩。仿真结果表明:与普通的圆极化微带天线相比,加载了超材料结构的天线,其增益在中心频率处提高了1.4 dB;同时,在9.7~21 GHz频带范围内,加载超材料的圆极化微带天线具有更低的RCS电平,整个频段内,平均减缩幅度达9.06 dB(X极化)和9.21 dB(Y极化)。仿真结果验证了设计的正确性,表明该方法可以有效的实现圆极化微带天线的宽频带RCS减缩,对圆极化微带天线的隐身技术有重要的借鉴作用。     

一种波束展宽的宽频带圆极化微带天线的设计与制作

文章设计了一种波束展宽的宽频带圆极化微带天线。天线单元采用层叠结构的形式实现宽频带,通过在天线四周加导电墙并改变地板尺寸展宽微带天线的波束宽度。主要研究了改变导电墙高度以及地板大小对天线的半功率波束宽度以及低仰角增益带来的影响,通过仿真优化,这种方法可以将天线的半功率波束宽度从68°提高到100°,同时仰角30°增益从0.01 dB提高到2.4 dB。加工制作了相应的微带天线,测试结果表明该天线具有频带宽、低仰角增益高以及波束宽度宽的优点,与仿真结果吻合较好。     

一种小型化超宽带平面伞状天线

介绍了一种小型化超宽带全向微带天线。提出一种平面伞状贴片天线结构,采用电磁仿真软件HFSS分析该天线的阻抗带宽、方向图及增益特性。仿真与实测样品对比分析表明,提出的小型化超宽带平面伞状天线能够满足工程应用需要。     

八木微带圆极化天线的研究与设计

对八木微带天线进行了研究。通过Ansoft HFSS仿真软件设计了一种宽带宽波束圆极化八木微带天线,在中心频率上实现了波束由侧射向端射偏转26°,频率带宽达800 MHz,0 dB主波束宽度为110°;采用Wilkinson微带功分器产生两路幅度相等相位相差90°信号对天线进行馈电,实现了圆极化。同时研究了在保持天线良好性能的前提下,结构的变化对于主波束偏转角度的影响。     

新型电磁带隙结构加载的微带天线阵

研究了以EBG结构为衬底的微带天线阵。将EBG结构置于微带天线阵的底部取代微带天线阵列的金属底板,不仅能增加天线带宽,还能提高天线阵的增益。测试结果表明,天线单元带宽从3.81%提高到8.86%,在工作频带内天线阵增益都在10dB以上,同时天线单元间的耦合系数也得到有效降低。     

微带天线的设计方法及应用

叙述了一般微带天线的设计方法及各种因素对天线性能的影响,提出并设计了一种新型的宽频带微带天线,确定了一组比较好的参数。     

基于EBG吸波材料的波导缝隙天线设计北大核心

为了改善波导缝隙天线的散射性能,设计了一种电磁带隙（electromagnetic band gap,EBG）结构的吸波材料,从导纳圆图、表面电流和电场分布等方面分析了其吸波机理。其厚度为0．3mm,吸波率达到99．9％,将其加载于波导缝隙辐射金属基板上,得到了低雷达散射截面的波导缝隙天线。仿真结果表明：加载后的天线回波损耗和增益基本不变,在5．48～5．75GHz工作频带内,法向RCS减缩都在3dB以上,最大减缩达到15．8dB,单站RCS在-18°～18°角域减缩超过3dB。证实了该吸波结构有良好的吸波效果,可以用于波导缝隙天线带内隐身。     

基于EBG吸波材料的波导缝隙天线设计

为了改善波导缝隙天线的散射性能,设计了一种电磁带隙(electromagnetic band gap,EBG)结构的吸波材料,从导纳圆图、表面电流和电场分布等方面分析了其吸波机理。其厚度为0.3 mm,吸波率达到99.9%,将其加载于波导缝隙辐射金属基板上,得到了低雷达散射截面的波导缝隙天线。仿真结果表明:加载后的天线回波损耗和增益基本不变,在5.48~5.75 GHz工作频带内,法向RCS减缩都在3 d B以上,最大减缩达到15.8 d B,单站RCS在-18°~18°角域减缩超过3d B。证实了该吸波结构有良好的吸波效果,可以用于波导缝隙天线带内隐身。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.