基于云理论的装备技术状态预测

通过分析装备技术状态变化的模糊性和不确定性等特性,提出了基于云理论的装备技术状态预测模型.根据装备技术状态劣化趋势,给出了基于云模型的时间序列状态预测方法,有效地运用了装备状态评估中的主观预测知识.将历史趋势与当前趋势相结合,实现了基于时间序列的状态预测.最后以某装备的发动机为研究对象,对发动机状态的动态评估值进行了预测,验证了该状态预测方法的有效性.     

装备寿命预测的平行仿真模型在线演化方法

在面向装备剩余寿命预测的平行仿真技术研究基础上,统一了不同退化状态下的状态方程,提出了预测模型形态库的构建方法和预测模型形态选择算法,设计了“模型形态库构建—模型选择—数据同化—模型演化”的模型在线演化工作流程,运用扩展卡尔曼滤波和极大似然估计算法,实现了面向装备剩余寿命预测的平行仿真模型在线动态演化。通过仿真实验验证了模型形态选择算法和模型在线演化工作流程的有效性,取得了较好的仿真效果。     

装备多阶段作战任务成功性评估

受使用方式、可靠性、维修性因素的影响,装备执行作战任务时常呈现出多阶段任务特性。通过对装备作战多阶段任务的分析与描述,基于Markov模型建立起单阶段任务成功性评估模型并给出求解方法,而后给出逐阶段评估多阶段任务成功性的过程,并通过系统状态映射机制解决阶段任务间系统状态数量不同的问题。最后,通过装备使用方案优化的示例展示了该方法在装备领域中的应用价值。     

基于灰色Verhulst优化模型的电子装备故障预测方法

针对平均故障工作时间数据样本量少的特点,提出利用灰色Verhulst模型预测电子装备故障;又针对灰色Verhulst模型存在预测精度不高的问题,研究了灰色Verhulst模型参数的优化方法。通过实际试验数据对2个模型进行了仿真验证,并基于灰色关联度对2个模型的模拟预测精度进行了比较分析,结果表明：基于灰色Verhulst优化模型适合于电子装备故障预测,并具有较高的拟合预测精度。     

基于多指标相似性的T/R组件剩余寿命融合预测方法

为实现对T/R组件剩余寿命的准确预测，及时掌握装备当前健康状态和提高装备维修保障水平，分析T/R组件的故障特点，筛选出反映T/R组件状态退化过程的状态监测指标，通过计算每个指标对应的剩余寿命信息和权重，得到T/R组件的剩余寿命预测结果。通过算例分析与比较，验证了预测方法的实用性与有效性。研究结果可为电子装备剩余寿命预测提供理论指导，对合理计划维修资源和提高装备战斗力具有重要意义。     

基于灰色理论的设备状态趋势预测建模及应用研究

主要研究了利用灰色理论对设备状态进行预测的步骤和方法,通过对设备运行的关键参数进行建模,可以有效地预测设备状态的发展趋势,并分别以降温和保温阶段的轴承供气压力为例对该预测模型进行了验证,通过Matlab对采集的历史数据进行计算,结果表明该预测方法具有数据量少、计算简单、预测准确的特点,在该试验设备的运行状态趋势预测是可行的.     

基于灰色理论的电子系统状态预测方法

电子系统的状态预测是利用其历史信息来实现系统未来状态和趋势的估计,以防止灾难性故障的发生,对于推动视情维修具有重要意义。针对典型模拟滤波电路,通过分析其关键测试信号的特点,研究了基于灰色理论的状态预测方法,并针对该预测模型的不足,设计粒子群算法选择最佳预测维数,设计新陈代谢法使该模型参数在线改变,从而建立符合电子系统信号特点的灰色预测模型。将该模型与ARAM模型比较,实验结果验证了该模型具有较好的状态预测精度和预测性能。     

基于模型的系统级故障诊断与预测推理技术

针对装备状态监控和故障预测推理的需求,提出不同的诊断推理模型。首先,提出了基于二值相关性模型的快速推理算法,采用Vx Works平台对方法进行了验证评估。然后,针对应用过程中存在的时延、故障耦合等现象,提出了动态诊断模型。在此基础上,提出了考虑故障预测的诊断和预测一体化诊断推理模型,对推理运算方法进行了阐述,开发了仿真验证软件。以某卫星电源系统为例进行了验证,结果显示模型具有故障诊断和预测能力,能实现故障诊断和预测的一体化推理。     

灰色GM(1,1)模型在电子装备寿命预测中的应用

介绍了传统装备可靠性试验数据评估的不足,为此根据灰色预测的基本原理,用GM(1,1)模型并通过精度修正,给出了实际应用中的预测方法.最后通过具体实例,对电子装备未来可能发生故障的范围进行了预测,取得令人满意的结果,从而证明了该预测方法能为装备的维修保养提供重要的数据支持,对研究武器装备的可靠性具有重大现实意义.     

海洋移动目标多模型运动预测方法

分析海洋移动目标的运动特征,提出了预测前插值的灰色预测方法,改进了航迹变更预测和潜在区域预测模型。通过集成匀速运动预测、航迹变更预测、基于航迹的预测和潜在区域预测,提出多模型运动预测方法及其模型参数配置依据,根据滑动时间窗口中的观测数据与预测值的统计比较,评价不同预测方法的近期预测效果,决策下阶段适宜选择的预测方法。仿真实验表明多模型运动预测比使用单一运动预测方法降低预测风险,提高了预测精度。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.