低碳钢的点蚀诱发敏感性研究

选择 3种冶金因素有代表性的低碳钢 ,通过极化试验比较了它们之间的点蚀诱发敏感性 ,同时利用电子探针分析了不同夹杂物在诱发点蚀过程中的腐蚀特征 ,并利用Flade电位比较了不同钢之间的钝化膜稳定性的差异 .结果表明 :沸腾钢的点蚀诱发敏感性显著低于镇静钢 ,稀土处理镇静钢则介于两者之间 ;夹杂物是钢中主要点蚀诱发源 ,钢基体与夹杂物交界处的钝化膜保护作用最弱 ,点蚀均从该处诱发 ;同类夹杂物在不同类型钢中的点蚀诱发敏感性差异较大 ,同一钢中的不同类型夹杂物的点蚀诱发敏感性差异很小 ,硫化物夹杂较其它夹杂物的点蚀诱发敏感性稍强 .     

碳钢中夹杂物诱发点蚀的规律和特性研究

选用5种低碳钢,通过浸泡试验、显微腐蚀试验和极化试验,考察了碳钢在3%NaCl(质量分数,下同)溶液中夹杂物诱发点蚀的规律和特点.结果表明:样品刚浸入溶液时其最初电位高于点蚀电位,钢中一些夹杂物活化,先诱发点蚀;局部活化使钢样的电位迅速下降,当降至点蚀电位之下,未发生点蚀或未充分诱发点蚀的夹杂物受到保护,不再活化;在阳极极化试验中,当钢样的电位极化到点蚀电位或点蚀电位以上,钢中的夹杂物几乎都会活化而诱发点蚀.     

夹杂物对有机涂层下碳钢腐蚀初期过程的影响

选择两种具有典型夹杂物的碳钢,通过浸泡试验,研究有机涂层下碳钢的腐蚀初期过程,并和裸钢的腐蚀过程进行对比．结果表明：涂层试样和裸钢试样腐蚀发展的初期过程都是点蚀;涂层试样点蚀诱发孕育期大大长于裸钢试样;点蚀的主要诱发源是钢中的硫化物和硅酸盐;硫化物夹杂物诱发点蚀及点蚀的扩展主要沿夹杂物与基体间的相界进行．     

低碳钢中硫化物夹杂物诱发点蚀的机理

选择两种具有典型硫化物夹杂物的碳钢,通过显微腐蚀试验、浸泡试验及带有显微跟踪观察的极化试验考察了点蚀发生的初始过程,结合金相和扫描电镜电子探针分析,提出了碳钢中硫化物夹杂物诱发点蚀的机理。     

试验面选取对碳钢点蚀电位测量的影响

采用金相分析技术和准稳态极化试验研究了试样试验面选取对碳钢点蚀电位测量的影响.结果表明,当不同试验面的夹杂物形态有很大差异时,测得的点蚀电位有较明显的差异.     

两种新型试验用钢疲劳寿命差异的实验研究

选用两种新型试验用钢,分析测定了它们的化学成分、金相组织特征及夹杂物分布形态;通过高频疲劳测定试验比较了它们之间疲劳寿命差异。结果表明:对同种钢而言,缺口系数对疲劳寿命的影响非常大,缺口系数越大,疲劳寿命越小;不同钢之间的疲劳寿命的差异取决于钢中的化学成分及钢中夹杂物,合理地提高材料的合金元素,有效地改善材料的化学成分的配比及适当的热处理工艺可以明显提高材料的强度极限;纯净的钢质量及合理的高强度是提高钢的疲劳寿命的最合理、有效的手段。     

《海军工程学院学报》1997年总目次

第1期（总第78期）低碳钢中硫化物夹杂物诱发点蚀的机理……·,…………·陈学群孔小东常万顺等离散滑模变结构控制稳定性分析………………………··…·吴汉松如B琼菩黄继起用薄船理论计算方尾军舰兴波阻力的一种修正方法…………………钱成卢晓平三相整流系统的故障分析………………………………………………袁立军马伟明1贴故障诊断的概念体系……………………………………许江宁李安汪人定焊条药皮组成对焊接过程中硫、磷分配的影响—…………·熊征李晓荤童康明等有外中子源时点堆中子动力学方程组的精确解…………………………………     

一种新的点蚀损伤下船体结构极限强度计算方法

针对当前点蚀损伤情况下船体结构极限强度的计算问题,首先依据实船点蚀勘验数据分析了点蚀的特征要素,提出了点蚀特征矩阵的概念,从刚度折减角度建立了一种新的极限强度计算方法;然后,与目前常用的两种点蚀损伤下极限强度计算方法进行了对比;最后,以实船的点蚀损伤加筋板为分析对象,通过有限元法对不同载荷工况下,三种点蚀损伤评估方法的适用性和可靠性进行了对比分析。结果表明:基于DOP和ΔV的点蚀损伤极限计算方法受承载形式的影响较大,而基于刚度缩减因子的极限强度计算方法适用性相对较好。     

新型航空铝合金材料复杂形貌点蚀损伤应力集中效应分析

根据7B04铝合金材料试件模拟加速点蚀试验检测结果,并结合铝合金材料点蚀行为机制、微观结构特征与随机性过程本质,构建由多个微观椭球体合成的楔入型与合围型两种典型复杂形貌点蚀损伤模型。采用ANSYS有限元方法建模并基于线弹性断裂力学,对上述两种点蚀损伤模型的应力集中效应进行计算与分析。研究发现:两种复杂形貌特征的点蚀损伤模型产生的应力集中系数数值基本相当,各个微观椭球体蚀坑分别对应力分布产生影响并相互干涉与叠加,造成复杂形貌点蚀损伤模型的应力集中系数数值增大;两种复杂形貌点蚀损伤模型的应力主要集中在各个微观椭球体蚀坑交会的位置,大都位于宏观点蚀损伤的侧边;两种复杂形貌点蚀损伤模型的应力集中效应作用区域的尺寸与铝合金材料微观晶粒尺寸、点蚀萌生的短裂纹初期尺寸基本相当。     

羧酸盐对锡和铝在中性溶液中的缓蚀作用研究

分别采用交流阻抗、线性极化、动电位扫描等电化学方法初步研究了羧酸盐缓蚀剂在中性介质中对锡和铝的缓蚀作用.实验结果表明,锡和铝在中性介质中的腐蚀以点蚀为主,而该羧酸盐结构中含有羧基,对锡和铝有良好的缓蚀效果,尤其是处于最佳缓蚀浓度时.     

Microstructure,mechanical and corrosion behavior of high strength AA7075aluminium alloy friction stir welds-Effect of post weld heat treatment

High strength aluminium alloy AA7075(Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) is a precipitate hardenable alloy widely used in the aerospace,defense,marine and automobile industries.Use of the heat treatable aluminium alloys in all these sectors is ever-increasing owing to their excellent strength-toweight ratio and reasonably good corrosion resistance.The shortage in corrosion resistance,however,usually poses negative concern about their reliability and lifetime when they service in the variable marine environments.These alloys also exhibit low weldability due to poor solidification microstructure,porosity in fusion zone and lose their mechanical properties when they are welded by fusion welding techniques.Friction stir welding(FSW) is a reliable technique to retain the properties of the alloy as the joining takes place in the solid state.The welds are susceptible to corrosion due to the microstructural changes in the weld nugget during FSW.In this work,the effect of post weld treatments,viz.,peak aging(T6) and retrogression reaging(RRA),on the microstructure,mechanical properties and pitting corrosion has been studied.Friction stir welding of 8 mm-thick AA7075 alloy was carried out.The microstructural changes of base metal and nugget zone of friction stir welds were studied using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.Tensile and hardness test of base metal and welds has been carried out.Pitting corrosion resistance was determined through dynamic polarization test.It was observed that the hardness and strength of weld were observed to be comparatively high in peak aged(T6) condition but the welds showed poor corrosion resistance.The resistance to pitting corrosion was improved and the mechanical properties were maintained by RRA treatment.The resistance to pitting corrosion was improved in RRA condition with the minimum loss of weld strength.     

回归再时效7A60铝合金在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的点蚀性能

采用腐蚀电化学的点蚀极化曲线并结合腐蚀形貌的扫描电镜分析的方法,研究了回归再时效(RRA)工艺处理7A60铝合金在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的点蚀行为,对其耐点蚀性能进行了评价,并探讨了RRA工艺改善该合金点蚀性能的机理。结果表明:采用120RRA工艺(120℃×24h预时效+195℃×0.5h回归+120℃×24h再时效)处理后,7A60铝合金在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的阳极极化曲线闭合环面积减小,再钝化电流密度Ipp降低,蚀孔较浅,RRA工艺在一定程度上改善了该铝合金在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的耐点蚀性能。     

酸性条件下几种锅炉炉管钢腐蚀性能分析

研究了几种锅炉炉管钢在 p H=3的 H2 SO4 溶液中腐蚀速率的差异 .电化学测试结果表明 :炉管钢的腐蚀速率与钢中合金元素的种类和含量有一定关系 ;含铬、钼量较高的钢种腐蚀速率较低 .由此可见 ,铬元素是抑制炉管钢在酸性介质中发生腐蚀的最主要的合金元素 ,其他元素如钼、镍等对炉管钢的腐蚀性能也有重要影响     

Pitting corrosion resistance and bond strength of stainless steel overlay by friction surfacing on high strength low alloy steel

Surface modification is essential for improving the service properties of components. Cladding is one of the most widely employed methods of surface modification. Friction surfacing is a candidate process for depositing the corrosion resistant coatings. Being a solid state process, it offers several advantages over conventional fusion based surfacing process. The aim of this work is to identify the relationship between the input variables and the process response and develop the predictive models that can be used in the design of new friction surfacing applications. In the current work, austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 was friction surfaced on high strength low alloy steel substrate. Friction surfacing parameters,such as mechtrode rotational speed, feed rate of substrate and axial force on mechtrode, play a major role in determining the pitting corrosion resistance and bond strength of friction surfaced coatings. Friction surfaced coating and base metal were tested for pitting corrosion by potentiodynamic polarization technique. Coating microstructure was characterized using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Coatings in the as deposited condition exhibited strain-induced martensite in austenitic matrix. Pitting resistance of surfaced coatings was found to be much lower than that of mechtrode material and superior to that of substrate. A central composite design with three factors(mechtrode rotational speed, substrate traverse speed, axial load on mechtrode) and five levels was chosen to minimize the number of experimental conditions. Response surface methodology was used to develop the model. In the present work, an attempt has been made to develop a mathematical model to predict the pitting corrosion resistance and bond strength by incorporating the friction surfacing process parameters.     

Microstructure and pitting corrosion of shielded metal arc welded high nitrogen stainless steel

The present work is aimed at studying the microstructure and pitting corrosion behaviour of shielded metal arc welded high nitrogen steel made of Cromang-N electrode. Basis for selecting this electrode is to increase the solubility of nitrogen in weld metal due to high chromium and manganese content. Microscopic studies were carried out using optical microscopy(OM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM). Energy back scattered diffraction(EBSD) method was used to determine the phase analysis, grain size and orientation image mapping. Potentio-dynamic polarization testing was carried out to study the pitting corrosion resistance in aerated 3.5% NaCl environment using a GillAC electrochemical system. The investigation results showed that the selected Cr-Mn-N type electrode resulted in a maximum reduction in delta-ferrite and improvement in pitting corrosion resistance of the weld zone was attributed to the coarse austenite grains owing to the reduction in active sites of the austenite/delta ferrite interface and the decrease in galvanic interaction between austenite and delta-ferrite.