毫米波相控阵雷达弹丸脱靶量测量精度分析

论证了脱靶量测量误差在闭环校正中的地位和作用,定量分析了雷达测距误差、测角误差、检测波门的设置和目标、弹丸运动的速度、方向等因素对脱靶量测量误差的影响,估算了现有条件下脱靶量的测量精度。     

小口径火炮弹丸初速误差校正的必要性及方法

小口径火炮系统中的弹丸初速误差是引起脱靶量的一个重要误差源[2]。本文从弹丸初速误差引起脱靶量的大小上说明了对弹丸初速误差校正的必要性。针对多卜勒火控雷达可以提供弹丸初速这一特点,对多管小口径火炮设计了一种弹丸初速误差校正的方法,并在计算机上进行了模拟计算,得出了令人满意的结果。     

基于虚拟脱靶量预测的准闭环校射方法

针对传统高炮大闭环校射脱靶量不易检测、可校射时间短暂,提出了一种基于虚拟脱靶量预测的准闭环校射方法。首先给出了弹丸双站角度测量的初始状态估计算法;其次,结合外弹道理论建立了一种虚拟等距脱靶量的预测模型,分析了射击校正量的估计方法与准闭环校射方案的实现流程。该方法避免了大闭环校射对脱靶量的直接检测,并提高了高炮闭环校射的时效性。     

舰载火炮闭环射击效力在线评估方法

舰炮火力决策中要依据射击效力实时评估结果,对评估准确性有较高高要求。本方法针对火炮系统闭环校射技术的特点,利用跟踪雷达提供的弹目脱靶量,将弹丸脱靶量实测数据用于修正原解析算法得出的弹丸单发命中概率,修正多发弹丸累积毁伤概率。评估过程应用了已测量的弹丸脱靶量,与传统解析估算法相比,由于最大程度地利用了实测数据代替误差估计数据,具有较高的精度。     

基于“脱靶管”原理的防空导弹脱靶量估算方法北大核心

针对防空导弹试验鉴定中非精确测量条件下脱靶量获取的实际问题,提出了一种基于“脱靶管”原理的脱靶量估算方法。并针对光学测量和多普勒频率信号测量2种数据源,给出具体算法和算例,算例的结果表明基于“脱靶管”原理的脱靶量计算方法,可在非精确测量条件下,得到较高精度的脱靶量的值,是光学测量数据估算脱靶量的有效手段。同时基于“脱靶管”原理的脱靶量估算方法具有明显优势,能够较好地解决弹目相对速度未知情况的脱靶量估算问题。该方法具有算法简便快捷、计算精度高、工程实用性好等特点。     

基于激光测距仪信息的模糊控制导引方法

针对动能拦截器在大气层外完成拦截任务的末制导问题,利用激光测距仪的测距信息、红外导引头与惯性测量设备的测量信息,推导了弹目相对运动信息的计算方法,及基于相对运动信息计算待飞时间与零效脱靶量的计算公式.设计了一种基于零效脱靶量的模糊控制末制导律,兼顾节省燃料与满足制导精度要求.通过数学仿真验证,该方法具有较高的制导精度和鲁棒性,且燃料消耗较少.     

一种快速的矢量脱靶量测量算法

为了满足一些矢量脱靶量测量系统实时性的要求,提出了一种快速的矢量脱靶量测量算法.测量中使用了一个小型天线阵列,基于快速傅里叶变换算法,雷达回波的多普勒频率和不同天线接收信号的相位差能够快速地被估计出来,进一步利用非线性优化的方法估计出目标的矢量脱靶量参数.计算机仿真结果表明,该方法原理正确,能够满足实时要求.     

光电/弹炮结合防空系统的综合设计

雷达有源跟踪定位一直是火控系统的主要侦察探测方式,由于雷达对抗技术的发展,有源雷达设备的作战效能大为降低.在火控系统中,光电无源跟踪定位可代替雷达的部分功能,其开发潜力备受关注.介绍了光电/弹炮结合防空系统的重要作用,论述了光电探测和弹炮一体化设计的基本结构和功能, 提出了系统综合设计的主要研究内容和关键技术,探索了光电信息火力引导的技术途径并给出了一种基于光电探测的弹丸脱靶量测量技术.     

空靶脱靶量测量方法研究

通过对正弦波、三角波和锯齿波三种调频信号差频测距方法的深入研究,认为三种波形调频差频频谱是连续的.正弦波和三角波调频时,差频有周期性不规则区,测距出现模糊,而锯齿波调频差频规律性强,测距清晰,并给出了锯齿波调频测距的一般表达式,理论上证明了锯齿波调频差频测距的连续性.在研究空靶脱靶量测量中,提出了利用锯齿波调频差频完成空靶脱靶量测量方法,探讨了系统的设计与实现.     

舰空导弹脱靶量测量方法研究

针对舰空导弹脱靶量测量方法在导弹试验中不能满足要求的现状,在介绍了目前舰空导弹脱靶量测量技术现状及存在缺陷的基础上,重点提出了基于全球定位原理和技术实现的舰空导弹脱靶量测量的新方法.应用此方法,不仅可以实现全天候、高精度、机动化的舰空导弹脱靶量测量,而且精度可达亚米级.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.