语言评价信息的武器系统模糊积分评估

传统的武器系统评估方法是基于概率和统计理论的,并假设各指标之间相互独立.然而,实际上武器系统指标的评价具有人为主观性和模糊性,并且各指标之间通常存在着依存关系.综合评述和对比了传统武器系统评估方法的适用范围以及不同方法的优劣,指出了它们的不足,提出了一种基于语言评价信息和模糊积分的武器系统评估方法.专家的评判结果是可用梯形模糊数描述的自然语言信息.     

基于Fuzzy-AHP的舰载反鱼雷武器系统安全性评估方法

针对反鱼雷武器系统使用环境复杂,其安全性评价指标层次多、难以量化等问题,提出层次分析法和模糊综合评估法相结合的反鱼雷武器系统安全性评估方法。建立反鱼雷武器系统安全性评估指标体系,采用层次分析法确定各层评估指标的权重,并通过一致性检测;采用模糊综合评估法计算指标体系最底层评估结果,此评估结果合成作为上一层的模糊评估矩阵,计算对应层评估结果,依此逐层计算直至评估体系最顶层,即为反鱼雷武器系统安全性评估结果。经验证,此安全性综合评估模型是科学有效的。     

基于Vague理论和模糊综合评判的火箭炮效能评估

针对基地逐项试验考核评估武器系统的现状,从效能的角度整体上评估武器系统性能。针对用一个数值量化定性指标的不足,引入Vague理论的相似度量概念,使定性指标存在踌躇度,更真实地模拟人的思维决策过程。基于Vague理论和模糊综合评判理论,建立了火箭炮的效能评估模型,并用建立的模型对某火箭炮进行了计算,计算结果符合预期。     

基于FAHP法的多管火箭武器系统效能评估

为了对多管火箭武器系统作战效能进行评估,基于模糊层次分析法理论(FAHP)和熵权理论,建立了多管火箭武器系统作战效能评估的递阶层次分析结构模型.通过性能指标中两两元素相对比较技术,结合三角模糊数来建立模糊判断矩阵.根据水平截集和乐观指标,进行模糊区间的运算,得出熵权,根据熵权大小选出了效能理想的方案.该方法具有一定的工程应用价值,对评价火箭武器系统作战效能提供了分析依据.     

基于熵权的高炮武器系统综合能力评价

当把武器系统的综合能力分解为若干层次结构进行评价时,其关键在于确定底层评价指标的相对权重,虽然能够通过建立各层次指标间的相对重要性的判断矩阵,获得底层指标权重的单排序结果权重信息,但是这种权重信息具有一定的主观性,基于信息熵的熵权能够强化各武器系统对指标的贡献程度,弱化其相似性,具有相对的客观性,综合考虑客观熵权和专家主观权重的评价方法,能够通过客观的熵权信息来调整主观权重的偏差,使得武器系统的评价结果更为合理.对六套典型高炮武器系统综合能力的评价结果表明,该方法是有效的.     

某新型高炮武器系统防护效能评估

随着高新技术广泛应用于军事领域,各类武器系统的造价越来越高,提高武器系统的防护能力是各类武器系统都十分重视的问题.通过对高炮武器系统性能的全面分析,建立了以E=ADC模型为基础,采用模糊理论为基本方法,对高炮武器系统防护效能进行了综合评估,并借助MATLAB软件给出了精确的计算,为地面高炮武器系统的整体防护效能评估提供了一种方法.     

基于熵权的舰炮武器系统维修保障能力模糊综合评判

针对现有装备维修保障体制的特点,建立起舰炮武器系统维修保障指标体系,综合运用熵权和模糊综合评判法对某型舰炮武器系统维修保障能力进行评估。该方法用熵权确定权重,加重了评价体系本身的重要程度,充分利用了被评判指标的信息量,并且根据模糊评判的需要构造了评分隶属函数,使定性分析和定量分析很好的相互融合。仿真结果表明该方法可行,对科学、客观地评估舰炮武器系统维修保障能力有一定的应用价值。     

模糊Petri网在空舰导弹武器系统效能分析中的应用

空舰导弹武器系统综合效能分析不但对导弹的定型起着一定作用,而且对装载该导弹的作战飞机的作战效能都具有重要的意义。依据空舰导弹武器系统的战技指标要求,运用模糊Petri网的原理结合层次分析法,对导弹武器的性能采取定性分析与定量分析相结合,以定量分析为主的方法进行评价。仿真实例对某型空舰导弹系统效能进行评价,结果表明它是一种方便、实用、可行的方法。     

空间武器系统效能分析研究

总结了进行空间武器效能评估研究的意义,给出了空间武器系统效能的概念,探讨了ADC法、指数法、层次分析法、模糊评判法、灰色层次评估法、SEA法、多指标综合评价法、系统动力学法、专家评定法等效能评估方法的优缺点及其适用范围.在详细分析了空间武器系统的构成之后,建立了空间武器系统效能的层次化分析模型,确定了空间武器系统的效能指标体系.最后根据空间武器系统的特点,提出了基于Agent的空间武器系统效能仿真分析框架.     

基于多目标决策技术的导弹武器系统综合评价方法

结合实例阐述了层次分析法、模糊综合评价法与德尔菲法在导弹武器系统综合评价中的应用 ,并总结出导弹武器系统综合评价的一般步骤。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.