高速电弧喷涂镍基非晶纳米晶复合涂层及其磨损性能研究

利用高速电弧喷涂技术在重载车辆18Cr2Ni4WA轴类基体上制备了NiCrBMoFe非晶纳米晶复合涂层.采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射仪和差热分析仪等设备对涂层的组织结构进行了分析,结果表明:涂层组织结构致密,与基体结合良好,主要由非晶相和γ-Ni(Cr)相纳米晶组成,非晶质量分数达到45％,且涂层具有良好的热稳定性.利用微动摩擦磨损试验机对涂层的磨损性能进行了研究,结果表明:涂层具有很好的耐磨性,相对耐磨性约是基体材料的8倍,远远超过了该轴的磨损要求,其失效机制主要为典型的脆性剥落磨损.     

高速电弧喷涂FeCrBSiMnNbW非晶纳米晶涂层组织及性能

研究开发了一种FeCrBSiMnNbW新型喷涂粉芯丝材,并采用自动化高速电弧喷涂技术在镁合金基体上制备了FecrBsiMnNbw非晶纳米晶涂层。对Fe基非晶纳米晶涂层和传统的3Cr13涂层的组织结构、力学性能以及油润滑条件下的摩擦学性能进行了对比分析,结果表明：与3Cr13涂层相比,铁基非晶纳米晶涂层组织更加致密,孔隙率低,具有相对较高的硬度和拉伸结合强度;形成了非晶相和纳米晶相组成的复合结构,使得涂层具备更好的摩擦学性能。     

镁合金表面电弧喷涂Fe基非晶纳米晶涂层的性能

采用自动化高速电弧喷涂技术在镁合金基体上制备了FeCrBSiMoNbW非晶纳米晶涂层。采用Flir A20M型红外热像仪对Fe基非晶纳米晶喷涂层的表面温度场进行了实时监测。对Fe基非晶纳米晶涂层和传统的3Cr13涂层的组织结构、力学性能以及摩擦学性能进行了对比分析。实验结果表明：Fe基非晶纳米晶涂层组织致密,孔隙率低,具有相对较高的硬度和拉伸结合强度;形成了非晶相和纳米晶相组成的复合结构,使得涂层具备较好的耐磨减摩性能。     

FeAlCrNbB金属间化合物复合涂层的制备与表征

研究开发了一种FeAlCrNbB新型喷涂粉芯丝材,并结合自动化高速电弧喷涂工艺制备了该材料的复合涂层,分析了涂层的常规力学性能、组织结构和油润滑条件下的滑动摩擦磨损性能,并和常规FeAl涂层进行了对比。结果显示:FeAlCrNbB涂层具有相对较高的显微硬度和拉伸结合强度、低的孔隙率,组织致密,形成了由Fe-Al金属间化合物相、氧化物以及少量非晶和纳米晶组成的复合结构,由于这种复合结构的材料特征,使涂层具备较好的耐磨损性能。     

热处理对FeCrNiCoCu高熵合金涂层的影响

采用自动化高速电弧喷涂技术,并结合FeCrNiCoCu粉芯丝材制备了高熵合金复合涂层,使用差示扫描量热法分析了涂层中非晶结构的转变温度.同时,对涂层进行了不同温度条件的热处理,研究了热处理前后涂层的组织结构、硬度及其磨损性能.结果显示:高熵合金涂层在500℃附近发生了非晶结构的晶化转变;热处理前涂层中主要含有CuNi、Fe3Ni2、Cr2Ni3等组成的面心立方结构固溶体和少量Fe3O4相,热处理后,氧化物Fe3O4峰强度随着加热温度的升高而增强,并且当温度超过500℃后,涂层中出现了Ni-Cr-Fe相;涂层的显微硬度随着热处理温度的升高而升高,在500℃出现最高值,涂层表现出了明显的回火硬化特征,耐磨损性能较热处理前的涂层有明显提高.     

铁基非晶厚成形涂层的制备

利用高速电弧喷涂系统制备了FeBSiNb系铁基非晶厚涂层,采用扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscope,SEM)、X射线衍射仪(X-Ray Diffraction,XRD)、透射电子显微镜(Transmission Electron Microscopy,TEM)、显微硬度计及万能拉伸试验机,分别对涂层的截面形貌、组织结构、显微硬度及拉伸应力应变进行了表征。结果表明:涂层厚度可达20 mm;涂层组织结构均匀致密,孔隙率在2.5%左右;涂层主要由非晶相及α-Fe相组成,其中非晶含量约为60%;与现有的FeBSiNb系非晶涂层相比,涂层平均显微硬度有所降低,约为826.8 HV0.1,拉伸断裂强度也有所降低,为211 MPa,而弹性应变有所提高,为0.69%。     

磁控溅射工艺对CrN基复合涂层微观结构及摩擦学性能的影响

采用闭合场非平衡磁控溅射技术在不锈钢基体上制备了不同质量分数Mo的CrMoN复合涂层。采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDX）和光电子能谱仪（XPS）,系统分析了CrMoN复合涂层的相结构、表面形貌、成分、原子化合价价态等,结果表明：添加Mo后,CrMoN涂层的择优取向由CrN涂层的（220）转变为（200）,CrMoN涂层中的Mo原子取代了CrN晶格中的Cr原子,形成（Cr,Mo）N置换固溶体。采用Nano Test 600硬度测试仪测定了CrMoN复合涂层的纳米硬度,结果表明：由于CrN相和MoN两种硬相的协同作用,使得CrMoN复合涂层的纳米硬度值增大。采用多功能摩擦磨损试验机测定了CrN涂层及CrMoN复合涂层的摩擦因数,结果表明：CrMoN复合涂层的摩擦因数低于CrN涂层,磨损过程中由于摩擦热反应生成大量MoO3,使得复合膜的摩擦因数降低,起到了一定的润滑效果,降低了磨损量。     

45钢表面激光熔覆Ni35合金涂层的组织及性能

为了修复45钢磨损装备零件,采用激光熔覆工艺在45钢表面制备了Ni35合金涂层。利用扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱分析仪（EDS）、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计和磨损试验机分析了熔覆层的显微组织,测试了涂层的硬度和耐磨性能。结果表明：熔覆层由γ-Ni和Ni3B两相组成;熔覆层中存在平面晶、胞状晶、枝晶等多种形态;Ni35熔覆层的硬度为450HV,熔覆层的耐磨性是基体的2.86倍。     

梯度变化非晶碳涂层的摩擦学行为

采用多源磁控溅射物理气相沉积法在单晶硅片、20Cr和Cr12W表面制备了梯度变化非晶碳涂层,测试了非晶碳涂层的纳米硬度和弹性模量及摩擦磨损行为.结果表明涂层具有较高的硬度和弹性模量,分别达到15.3 GPa和184 GPa;涂层具有较好的摩擦性能,在干摩擦条件下摩擦因数基本保持在0.1～0.2,磨损率达到10-9 mm3/( N·m)数量级.     

多弧离子镀CrNx涂层的工艺与摩擦磨损性能

为了改善发动机活塞环的摩擦学性能和提高其使用寿命,采用多弧离子镀技术在活塞环表面制备了不同N2含量和弧电流的CrNx硬膜,采用X射线衍射技术、扫描电子显微镜、纳米硬度仪和发动机台架试验装置,分别测试了薄膜相结构、表面形貌、纳米硬度和抗高温摩擦磨损性能。研究结果表明：当N2质量分数为45%时,薄膜纳米硬度相对较高,CrNx薄膜中主要以CrN（220）相为主;随着弧电流的增加,薄膜的表面颗粒尺寸增加,当弧电流为60A时,薄膜纳米硬度相对较高。与Cr电镀层活塞环相比,CrNx涂层活塞环具有较强的抗高温粘着磨损性能。     

Friction stir surfacing of cast A356 aluminiumesilicon alloy with boron carbide and molybdenum disulphide powders

Good castability and high strength properties of Ale Si alloys are useful in defence applications like torpedoes,manufacture of Missile bodies,and parts of automobile such as engine cylinders and pistons.Poor wear resistance of the alloys is major limitation for their use.Friction stir processing(FSP) is a recognized surfacing technique as it overcomes the problems of fusion route surface modification methods.Keeping in view of the requirement of improving wear resistance of cast aluminiumesilicon alloy,friction stir processing was attempted for surface modification with boron carbide(B4C) and molybdenum disulfide(Mo S2) powders.Metallography,micro compositional analysis,hardness and pin-on-disc wear testing were used for characterizing the surface composite coating.Microscopic study revealed breaking of coarse silicon needles and uniformly distributed carbides in the A356 alloy matrix after FSP.Improvement and uniformity in hardness was obtained in surface composite layer.Higher wear resistance was achieved in friction stir processed coating with carbide powders.Addition of solid lubricant Mo S2 powder was found to improve wear resistance of the base metal significantly.     

Performance characterization of Ni60-WC coating on steel processed with supersonic laser deposition

Ni60-WC particles are used to improve the wear resistance of hard-facing steel due to their high hardness. An emerging technology that combines laser with cold spraying to deposit the hard-facing coatings is known as supersonic laser deposition. In this study, Ni60-WC is deposited on low-carbon steel using SLD. The microstructure and performance of the coatings are investigated through SEM, optical microscopy, EDS, XRD, microhardness and pin-on-disc wear tests. The experimental results of the coating processed with the optimal parameters are compared to those of the coating deposited using laser cladding.     

胶粘耐磨涂层的研制及其磨损机理分析

本文介绍了JNT9O系列涂层的研制过程及计算机辅助涂层配方优化方法,分析了影响胶粘耐磨涂层耐磨性的主要因素,并通过扫描电镜对粘涂层的结构形貌、磨损机理进行了研究,提出了提高涂层性能的途径和见解.     

润滑油纳米铜添加剂及其对不同粗糙度表面的减摩自修复行为

采用KBH4液相还原法制备了纳米铜添加剂,采用透射电子显微镜对纳米铜添加剂进行了表征,通过摩擦磨损试验机测试了纳米铜添加剂对4种不同粗糙度摩擦表面所表现的抗磨减摩性能,并对不同的磨损表面进行了光学显微镜和能谱分析。结果表明:纳米铜添加剂为分散性能稳定的20nm的球形颗粒;纳米铜添加剂具有良好的抗磨减摩性能,尤其是对于光滑的摩擦表面,与基础油相比,可使摩擦因数降低24%。纳米铜添加剂还具有良好的自修复性能,摩擦过程中,能够在摩擦表面形成一层高弹性低硬度的自修复膜,自修复效果对于光滑的摩擦表面更为显著。     

Enhancement of wear and ballistic resistance of armour grade AA7075 aluminium alloy using friction stir processing

Industrial applications of aluminium and its alloys are restricted because of their poor tribological properties. Thermal spraying, laser surfacing, electron beam welding are the most widely used techniques to alter the surface morphology of base metal. Preliminary studies reveal that the coating and layering of aluminium alloys with ceramic particles enhance the ballistic resistance. Furthermore, among aluminium alloys,7075 aluminium alloy exhibits high strength which can be compared to that of steels and has profound applications in the designing of lightweight fortification structures and integrated protection systems. Having limitations such as poor bond integrity, formation of detrimental phases and interfacial reaction between reinforcement and substrate using fusion route to deposit hard particles paves the way to adopt friction stir processing for fabricating surface composites using different sizes of boron carbide particles as reinforcement on armour grade 7075 aluminium alloy as matrix in the present investigation. Wear and ballistic tests were carried out to assess the performance of friction stir processed AA7075 alloy. Significant improvement in wear resistance of friction stir processed surface composites is attributed to the change in wear mechanism from abrasion to adhesion. It has also been observed that the surface metal matrix composites have shown better ballistic resistance compared to the substrate AA7075 alloy. Addition of solid lubricant Mo S2 has reduced the depth of penetration of the projectile to half that of base metal AA7075 alloy. For the first time, the friction stir processing technique was successfully used to improve the wear and ballistic resistances of armour grade high strength AA7075 alloy.     

装甲装备橡胶器材防老化涂料的制备

以有机硅改性丙烯酸乳液为基料,制备了具有一定弹性和抗老化性的装甲装备橡胶器材防护涂料,并对涂料的耐湿热性、耐盐雾性进行了测试。结果表明:纳米硅丙涂料是一种综合性能优异的装甲装备橡胶器材防老化涂料,能够有效地延长橡胶器材的库存寿命。