高温超导体反铁磁转变温度T_N的理论计算

本文利用Hubbard哈密顿量,引入重整化因子φ描述宏观区域上由掺杂引起的电子巡游程度,并考虑到近邻和次近邻格点间电子的关联,计算了氧化物超导体的反铁磁转变温度T_N。计算结果与实验事实基本相符。     

关于“跳跃现象”的试验分析

本文试验验证了Duffing方程和非线性横摇微分方程的近似理论解;表明了船舶出现横摇跳跃现象的条件;并根据试验数据辨识了非线性横摇阻尼系数和附加惯性矩,据以予报非线性横摇运动的跳跃现象,其结果与试验颇为一致。     

高空电磁脉冲的电磁理论

这一章的目的是描述和扩展微观模型。困难而繁多的推导放在附录里,正文中随时引用。本章第一节专论单个电子麦氏方程推出的一般场方程。随后一节论及大气上层电子的运动方程。第三节把前两节的结果结合起来,得出一个电子按特定方式运动时的场方程。第四节综合了所有对高空电磁脉冲起作用的电子的效应。本章内忽略了空气导电率的效应,这在     

实际复摆的非线性振荡系统

本文建立了实际复摆振荡系统的非线性模型,并用一阶谐波平衡法导出各种特征状态函数,从而分析计算定常周期及其运动稳定性、稳定分支振荡的跳跃特性和最大振幅特性。本文利用可控力矩激振装置成功地实现了复摆的强迫振荡实验。实例表明不仅能准确地辩识实际复摆非线性模型的参数,而且实测到复摆的稳定分支振荡和跳跃现象,从而实验验证了实际复摆非线性振荡的理论分析。     

只测角两站被动定位系统中虚假定位点的识别方法研究

多站被动定位中,虚假定位点的识别问题是电子侦察中尚待解决的一个重要问题。本文研究包含一个运动站的只测角两站被动定位系统,提出先用扩展Kalman滤波对多个辐射源精确定位,然后通过空间相关处理识别虚假定位点的方法,大量的计算机仿真结果表明,上述识别方法在两目标张角大于测角误差的均方根值时,具有良好的识别效果。系统识别出的真实定位点,其定位精度可达单目标环境下的同等定位精度。     

虚拟仪器技术及其军事应用

虚似仪器技术是信息技术发展的一个主要领域。伴随社会信息化的发展,虚似仪器技术的应用将越来越广泛。本文总结了虚拟仪器的关键技术,并分析了其在军事上的应用。     

临近空间升力式再入飞行器跳跃空域预测

远程预警相控阵雷达在探测临近空间升力式再入飞行器时受到地平线限制,当雷达在远端发现目标后,飞行器由于纵向跳跃和侧向偏移可能机动至雷达水平波束屏以下,从而造成情报中断。为了维持情报连续,提出了一种基于目标三自由度弹道方程的跳跃空域预测方法,以辅助预警系统补盲照射。首先,将穿屏过程中的量测信息通过坐标变换转换到对应坐标系,得到目标飞离地平线的运动参数初值;然后,根据这些量测信息估算目标飞离地平线时的控制量,并对其进行预测,基于数值仿真获得了目标可能的跳跃点空间分布;最后,通过仿真验证了该方法的有效性。     

点-航迹质量评估的联合目标检测跟踪方法

针对复杂背景下微弱目标的检测和跟踪问题,提出了一种基于点-航迹质量评估的动态规划方法。该方法在雷达传统的检测跟踪结构的基础上,结合雷达真实目标回波特性和目标的运动规律,在单周期内,根据目标的回波特性提出点迹质量的概念,在进行点迹凝聚处理的同时计算点迹质量的大小;在多周期间,根据目标的运动规律对目标的位置进行外推估计,根据估计值与量测值之间的欧式距离和方位差设计一个置信因子并结合点迹质量来改进航迹指标函数。仿真验证结果表明,该方法能够有效地消除伪航迹,计算量较小,能够提高复杂背景下雷达对微弱目标的检测和跟踪性能,并且结构简单,在工程上易于实现。     

关于塔式网络矢量量化中格点的标号

在格型矢量量化中,用格点作为量化矢量,构成码书。为了存储或传输量化输出,必须对格点进行标号。我们在数据压缩课题研究中,对塔式网格矢量量化中格点的标号进行了探索,给出了常用的几种网络诸如ZL、DL、E8、A16等格点的标号算法。     

片上网络中一种单周期2GHz无缓冲路由器

近年来,无缓冲路由器由于不需要缓冲器而成为片上网络低开销的解决方案。为了提高无缓冲路由器的性能,提出一种单周期高性能无缓冲片上网络路由器。该路由器使用一个简单的置换网络替换串行化的交换分配器与交叉开关以实现高性能。虚通道路由器与基准无缓冲路由器相比,该路由器在TSMC65nm工艺下可以以较小的面积开销达到2GHz的时钟频率。在合成通信负载与真实应用负载下的模拟结果表明,该路由器的包平均延迟远小于虚通道路由器和其他无缓冲路由器。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.