超空泡体结构响应问题的有限元分析

超空泡体在水下高速航行时要受到冲击载荷的作用,这对其结构是不利的。用有限元方法分析计算了冲击载荷作用下超空泡体的结构响应,数值计算结果表明,超空泡体在一定频率下引起的结构响应非常显著,且随着频率的升高响应幅值有减小的趋势。     

舰船局部结构在水下爆炸气泡载荷作用下的塑性变形分析

在水下爆炸载荷作用下的舰船局部结构塑性变形计算中,往往只考虑冲击波载荷的影响而忽略气泡载荷的影响。为研究气泡载荷在舰船局部结构塑性变形中所占的比例,利用通用有限元软件Abaqus,对舰船局部结构典型形式加筋板模型在水下爆炸载荷作用下的动态响应进行了数值仿真。其中,载荷计算采用了Geers-Hunter模型,材料本构采用了Johnson-Cook模型。分析仿真结果发现,模型中点变形挠度明显分为两个阶段,很容易区分冲击波载荷引起的变形和气泡载荷引起的变形。将最终变形挠度仿真计算结果与试验结果进行对比,两者吻合较好。计算结果表明:由气泡载荷引起的加筋板塑性变形挠度超过总变形挠度的30%,所以在计算中气泡载荷的影响不容忽视。     

冲击波和气泡载荷联合作用下加筋板塑性变形

水下爆炸冲击波和气泡载荷对舰船结构都有不同程度的毁伤作用,计算舰船结构在水下爆炸载荷作用下的塑性变形时,需要同时考虑两种载荷的影响.通过对加筋板结构刚塑性分析,运用Lagrangian方程,得到一种计算冲击波和气泡脉动压力波联合作用下加筋板塑性变形的方法.该方法计算结果与试验值和文献值吻合较好.对该计算方法的适用范围进...     

在轴内压作用下网格结构的优化设计

承受高轴压、内压作用的网格圆柱壳箱体,是构成导弹和运载火箭的主要组成部分。本文对于这种结构可能产生的破坏形式做了分析并提出了一个优化设计的方法。用此方法计算的实例表明,采用机械铣网格结构与化铣网格结构相比,在相同载荷作用下,可以降低结构重量17.3%。     

基于三维激光扫描技术的变形立式油罐容积检定

油罐作为大型储存和计量容器,快速、准确地计量其容积是大型能源储运工程的重要环节。针对目前三维激光扫描技术对壁板已发生变形的立式油罐容积检定无法给出准确结果的情况,提出了新的检定方法。壁板发生变形的油罐,由于变形处壁板水平截面不再是一个标准圆,于是采用一种新的算法用于计算变形油罐截面面积;充分利用油罐的三维点云数据,使用Matlab编制程序实现了三维点云数据的自动分层;结合罐体点云自动分层与计算得到的截面面积,将罐体点云导入程序即可得到油罐容积,实现了对变形油罐容积计算的自动化处理。通过对某立式油罐进行现场试验和数据处理,结果证明提出的新方法可以精确实现对变形油罐的检定。     

非接触空爆对舰艇结构的破坏作用分析

基于非接触空爆理论,对作用于船体结构的载荷进行了分析,并将船体结构简化为板架模型进行了破坏作用的数值计算,计算结果与实际情况相符.     

制导炸弹弹体结构可靠性分析与应用

对制导炸弹弹体结构可靠性进行了分析,提出了弹体结构可靠性设计的一般流程,介绍了一种常用的弹体结构可靠性工程计算方法—可靠性安全系数法,确定了计算弹体结构可靠度所需的常用材料变差系数及制导炸弹飞行过程中的载荷变差系数,优化了改进弹体结构可靠性的技术途径,使结构设计更加合理。     

一种细长飞行器阵风响应计算方法

阵风响应是气动弹性动力响应问题之一。对较为细长的飞行器,结构采用有限元模型,利用准定常气动力理论计算阵风响应载荷,方法简单、实用。此种计算方法同样适用于非定常气动力理论。     

近壁面水下爆炸冲击波载荷参数研究

水下爆炸过程中结构会受到冲击波载荷的作用同,同时结构也会对冲击波栽荷产生反作用.为了解结构对冲击波参数的影响规律,从牛顿第二定律出发,推导了冲击波压力、正压作用时间和比冲量与板厚之间的关系.为验证计算方法的正确性,设计了验证性试验,试验证实计算结果与试验结果吻合较好.计算表明:冲击波载荷参数主要受到板厚的影响,板厚越厚...     

悬置螺母的载荷分布及优化设计

本文在全面考虑螺旋付变形和建立合理的力学模型的基础上,导出了悬置螺母载荷分布计算的矩阵表达式,并以载荷分布均匀为目标对其结构参数进行了优化。优化结果较好地改善了悬置螺母的载荷分布状况,显示出良好的应用前景。     

考虑表层抗弯刚度影响的夹层板静力学等效分析

基于Hoff型夹层板理论,推导了夹层板广义的应力-应变关系式,得到了等效板的弹性常数,从而建立了考虑表层抗弯刚度的夹层板静力学等效模型.通过理论分析和计算,研究了夹层板的参数对这种等效精度的影响,并给出了这种等效分析方法的适用范围.研究表明,利用等效分析方法对Hoff型夹层板进行静力分析可在一定范围内可达到满意的精度.     

应用统计能量分析法预测板材隔声量

应用统计能量分析法SEA(Statistical Energy Analysis)预测板隔声量,先建立板材的SEA模型,将板材的隔声量预测转变成求解声振动功率的线性代数方程组,对方程组的变量(SEA参数)值进行确定,得出板材的隔声量,再根据混响室法测量板材实际隔声量。将预测结果与实验结果进行对比分析,证明统计能量分析法能有效的预测板材隔声量。     

超音速气流中热塑性复合材料壁板的非线性热颤振特性

热塑性复合材料结构在高速流场中的颤振行为是可重复使用航天器设计中需要考虑的问题.基于Mindlin厚板理论和Von-Karman大变形理论描述热塑性复合壁板结构大变形,超音速气动力采用活塞气动理论.考虑温度引起的壁板面内热应力和热塑性材料力学性能的改变.根据虚功原理和有限元法推导建立了热塑性复合材料壁板的热颤振模型,进...     

Experimental and numerical study of the blast wave decrease using sandwich panel by granular materials core

Among the intrinsic properties of some materials, e.g., foams, porous materials, and granular materials, are their ability to mitigate shock waves. This paper investigated shock wave mitigation by a sandwich panel with a granular core. Numerical simulations and experimental tests were performed using Autodyn hydro-code software and a shock tube, respectively. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method was used to model granular materials. Sawdust and pumice, whose properties were determined by several compression tests, were used as granular materials in the sandwich panel core. These granular materials possess many mechanisms, including compacting (e.g., sawdust) and crushing (e.g., pumice) that mitigate shock/blast wave. The results indicated the ineffectiveness of using a core with low thickness, yet it was demonstrated to be effective with high thickness. Low-thickness pumice yielded better results for wave mitigation. The use of these materials with a core with appropriate core reduces up to 88% of the shock wave. The results of the experiments and numerical simulations were compared, suggesting a good agreement between the two. This indicates the accuracy of simulation and the ability of the SPH method to modeling granular material under shock loading. The effects of grain size and the coefficient of friction between grains have also been investigated using simulation, implying that increasing the grain size and coefficient of friction between grains both reduce overpressure.     

Does defence expenditure have a spillover effect on income inequality? A cross-regional analysis in China

China’s defence expenditure has been growing rapidly along with GDP growth during the past two decades. Meanwhile, the income gap has continued to increase. There are conflicting views regarding whether the defence expenditure is capable of reducing income inequality. Therefore, this paper investigates the existence of any spillover effect of defence expenditure on income inequality, with a special focus on the regional differences among 31 provinces and 7 military regions in China. We extend panel cointegration and the impulse response function by using panel data during the period of 1997–2012. The empirical results show that the defence expenditure has an impact on income inequality, and the effect varies over different regions in China. The defence expenditure has a spillover effect on income inequality in the full sample panel and the southeastern panel. An increase in the defence expenditure does not crowd out social welfare spending due to the high level of economic development and government expenditure. On the contrary, in the northern panel, the effect is opposite because of the unbalanced economic development levels within the panel. Beijing as the capital of China, benefits more from the expansion of defence expenditure thus widening the income gap. In addition, the impulse response analyses further confirm a stronger effect of the defence expenditure on income inequality in the northern and the southeastern panels over a short period.     

LabWindows／CVI环境下的仪器驱动器开发

研究了VPP下的仪器驱动器、软面板和安装程序等的功能和特性,并结合寄存器基VXI多路开关模块的研制,说明了在LabWindows/CVI环境下开发仪器驱动器的一般方法与研制过程.     

高速破片撞击充液容器形成液压水锤的试验研究

为研究高速破片撞击充液容器形成的液压水锤效应，设计一套试验装置和测试方法，试验破片撞击充液容器产生空腔的变化过程、液体中不同位置处的压力变化以及前后面板的变形情况。试验发现：破片撞击容器后面板时会出现一圈空化气泡，气泡在后面板内表面从撞击点位置迅速沿径向扩展；液压水锤初始冲击阶段，距离撞击点较近区域在初始冲击波压力脉冲过后会出现一个较大负压，而距离撞击点较远区域不受负压影响；破片撞击速度对容器前面板最大变形影响较小，变形范围随着撞击速度的增大沿撞击点向四周扩展。后面板的最大变形及变形范围都随着破片撞击速度的增大而变大。     

基于FPGA编程的视频显示时序的实现方法

在DSP ARM为核心的嵌入式系统中,图形显示接口日益重要,利用显示和视频时序的原理,讨论了专用图形处理器及通用嵌入式开发板中实现视频时序的一般方法,给出了视频时序的实现过程,并提供了视频时序的VHDL语言具体实现。实践表明,该方法有效解决了嵌入式系统中图形显示能力不足、人机交互差的问题。     

Military Expenditure,Economic Growth and Heterogeneity

This paper examines the impact of military expenditure on economic growth on a large balanced panel, using an exogenous growth model and dynamic panel data methods for 106 countries over the period 1988–2010. A major focus of the paper is to consider the possibility group heterogeneity and non-linearity. Having estimated the model for all of the countries in the panel and finding that military burden has a negative effect on growth in the short and long run, the panel is broken down into various groupings based upon a range of potentially relevant factors, and the robustness of the results is evaluated. The factors considered are different levels of income, conflict experience, natural resources abundance, openness and aid. The estimates for the different groups are remarkably consistent with those for the whole panel, providing strong support for the argument that military spending has adverse effects on growth. There are, however, some intriguing results that suggest that for certain types of countries military spending has no significant effect on growth.