装备保障资源确定技术研究与需求分析系统开发

维修资源是实施装备维修工作的物质基础和重要保证,无论是平时训练还是战时抢修,维修资源都占据着十分重要的地位,不仅影响着装备的寿命周期费用(Life Cycle Costs,LCC),还直接影响着装备的战备完好率以及部队战斗力的保持和恢复.应用更加科学高效的方法确定保障资源,是维修决策面临的重要问题之一.据此,着眼于部队装备维修保障现状需求,将维修任务分配与保障资源需求紧密结合,提出了保障资源确定分析流程,并对分析过程中的关键技术进行了相应的研究,建立了典型的维修决策模型,优化了保障资源配置.最后开发了计算机辅助决策分析系统,为维修资源的优化配置起到了很好的辅助决策作用.     

新型装备维修任务分配与保障资源规划分析方法研究

新型装备列装部队,对部队维修保障能力建设提出了更高更新的要求。为加速新型装备战斗力形成,急需一套科学、合理的方法用以确定装备维修任务和规划维修保障资源配置。针对这一问题,本文紧密结合我军实际,构建了新型装备维修任务分配与保障资源规划分析方法体系,规范了新型装备维修分析流程,并对分析过程中的关键技术进行了研究,最后开发了计算机辅助决策分析系统。     

基于装备最优使用率的维修决策模型

根据作战单元中装备使用率与武器装备战损维修策略之间的关系,结合战斗过程中武器装备的战损规律和维修规律,运用马尔可夫链理论,建立了一种基于装备最优使用率的战损装备维修策略优化模型。运用这种最优维修策略模型可以达到提高作战单元中武器装备使用率的目的,从而为充分发挥作战单元整体战斗效能找到了一种新的装备维修辅助决策方法。这种维修决策优化模型主要采用量化分析的方法,根据作战单元中装备的战损情况和部队的维修能力制定出最优的维修策略,确定在战斗过程对战损装备进行维修的最优时机,达到提高作战单元整体战斗力的目的,从而为充分发挥作战单元的整体战斗力找到科学的途径。最后,结合实例对模型进行了检验。     

基于仿真的装备维修保障力量配置优化

装备维修保障力量的优化配置对于充分发挥维修保障效益、提高装备完好率具有重要意义。在分析界定装备维修保障力量配置问题的基础上,采用通用仿真语言建立了支持分析决策的仿真模型。实例分析表明维修力量最优配置是各区域的故障装备产生速率、后送运输时间等方面因素综合作用的结果,仿真程序可反映各项因素的定量关系。     

基于SD流率基本入树的部队装备管理信息化建设研究

部队装备管理信息化建设是当前我军装备管理领域正在着力进行的一项复杂系统工程。深入探索建设规律,对于指导建设实践、提高建设质量具有重要意义。在对部队装备管理信息化建设进行系统分析的基础上,利用系统动力学（SD）流率基本人树建模方法构建了其流率基本人树模型,并利用vensim仿真软件对其进行了实例仿真。研究表明,运用系统动力学方法可以实现对部队装备管理信息化建设问题的研究由定性向定量转变,深化规律探索,同时研究结果也可为建设决策提供科学的定量理论支持。     

基于工况-时间分布规律确定装备预防性维修间隔期

考虑到装备工况变化通常会影响到装备寿命,提出了一种基于工况-时间分布规律的装备可靠性评估及预防性维修间隔期的确定方法。采用Gamma过程描述装备性能指标退化过程,以形状参数反映工况的变化,推导出基于工况-时间分布规律的装备寿命分布;进而得到可靠度表达式,确定了预防性维修间隔期;最后给出了方法在某6300型柴油机中的应用实例,验证了方法的有效性。     

加强预备役部队装备配套建设的思考

武器装备是部队战斗力生成的物质基础。抓好装备配套建设,提高装备配套率、完好率,对提高部队建设质量,促进战备工作落实,具有至关重要的作用。预备役部队装备配套建设,是预备役部队整体质量建设的重要组成部分,直接关系到预备役部队作     

基于多Agent仿真的装备保障体系供应保障系统设计与实现?

针对部队装备保障运行的实际情况，采用多Agent仿真的方法，基于Kraljic模型将装甲装备器材分为重要器材、关键器材、一般器材和稀缺器材，并以此为基础构建了装备保障体系供应保障系统。分析了系统的整体结构以及系统中器材仓库的外部接口和内部器材请领流程，并以某集团军各级器材仓库为研究对象进行了仿真实例分析。实践证明，采用多Agent仿真的方法研究装备保障体系供应保障活动具备可行性和有效性，有利于宏观把握部队装备保障的运行规律，提高部队装备保障能力。     

装备战备水平及其评估方法

为真实、准确掌握部队完成其装备战备任务能力水平,引导部队装备战备建设的方向,并为精确化装备保障指挥决策提供科学依据,针对目前部队装备战备工作,提出了装备战备水平评估的概念,并将装备战备水平划分为4个等级。在构建装备战备水平评估指标体系的基础上,将TOPS IS法应用到装备战备水平评估中,建立了基于TOPS IS法的装备战备水平评估模型,并对该方法的适用性进行了分析。最后通过实例仿真分析,验证了该模型的合理性与有效性。     

基于灰色局势决策的通用维修资源整合方法

维修资源是装备保障系统的重要组成部分,针对部队装备维修资源品种越来越多、保障负担越来越重的问题,分析了通用维修资源的优点,提出了一种基于灰色局势决策理论的通用维修资源整合方法,并给出了具体实施步骤,主要包括构建决策目标体系、制定决策流程、计算综合测度和选择决策等,最后还进行了详细的案例研究.为维修资源的有效整合提供了决策依据和科学方法,对于减少维修资源种类、提高装备保障效率具有一定的指导作用和应用价值.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.