火场中A3钢的硬度与燃烧时间和温度关系的研究

模拟典型火灾温度——时间曲线,对热轧成的A3钢钢筋进行受热处理,测定在不同燃烧时间和温度下A3钢的硬度,给出了A3钢的硬度与燃烧时间和温度之间的定量关系,提出了运用测定A3钢硬度的大小,鉴定火场中不同部位的燃烧时间和温度的科学方法。     

30CrMnSi钢的临界点间热处理

本文研究了临界点间热处理对30CrMnSi钢的组织和机械性能的影响。结果表明:钢经临界点间热处理后的机械性能(如σ_b,σ_(0.2),δ,ψ和a_k)达到了国家标准。其中a_k为国家标准的3倍。值得注意的是钢经临界点一次淬火和低温回火后,其强度(σ_b,σ_(0.2))达到超高强度钢的水平。即σ_b≥170kg/mm~2,σ_(0.2)≥150kg/mm~2。此外,这种工艺比较简单,加热温度低,可节省能源。还可减小钢中淬火应力、扭曲及开裂倾向。     

烟火药剂在新型焊接技术中的应用

介绍了烟火药焊接技术的发展,设计了一种在新型焊接技术中使用的高能烟火点火药剂配方,并对其点火效率和燃烧性能进行了实验研究,研究结果表明,新配方高能点火药的点火效率远远高于黑火药,保证了以高热剂为主要能源的新型燃烧型焊条的可靠快速引燃。     

金属/水反应燃料内燃机定容燃烧仿真计算

以某型内燃机为研究对象,对内燃机燃烧室结构进行了改进性设计,以提高金属/水反应燃料的燃烧效率和动力输出为目的,在建立燃烧反应动力学模型的基础上,利用Fluent仿真软件,采用SIMPLE算法对燃烧室进行了2维流场模拟仿真。仿真计算结果表明:金属/水反应燃料的最高燃烧压力可达到1 000 MPa,1 kg燃烧产物中只有7.197 3e-3g氧化氮产物,燃烧速度最高可达7.5e4m/s,说明在改进燃烧室结构后,金属/水反应燃料的燃烧效率和内燃机性能都得到了显著提高。     

火药复合焊条焊接接头的微观组织及性能

为提高战场装备的应急抢修能力,以火药和2Al/3CuO系高热剂为焊接热源,开发了一种新型的便携式焊接材料——火药复合焊条,对其焊缝的组织形貌及性能进行研究.试验结果表明,火药复合焊条的焊接属于熔化焊,焊缝与基体之间存在明显的过渡区,焊缝成形良好,焊缝的抗拉强度大于400MPa,高于母材本身强度,能够满足战场应急抢修能力的需要.     

火场中A3钢的晶粒度与燃烧时间和温度关系的研究

本文模拟典型火灾温度－时间曲线,对热轧成的Ａ３钢进行受热处理,测定在不同燃烧时间和温度下Ａ３钢的晶粒度,给出了Ａ３钢的晶粒度与燃烧时问和温度之间的定量关系,提出了通过测定Ａ３钢晶粒度的大小来鉴定火场中不同部位的燃烧时间和温度的科学方法     

无电焊接材料的燃烧速度和燃烧温度研究

采用高放热性的铝热剂（CuO＋Al）并加入适当的添加剂,制备了便携式的无电焊接笔材料,其燃烧速度可控,且具有高的燃烧温度。研究了反应剂颗粒大小、混料均匀性等对无电焊接笔材料的燃烧性能的影响。结果表明：反应剂粒径对无电焊接笔的燃烧速度具有显著影响,随着反应剂粒径的增大,燃烧速度明显减慢。反应剂粒径和混料时间是影响单位时间放热量和混料均匀度的主要因素,因而对无电焊接笔的燃烧温度具有明显影响。在一定的混料时间下,反应物粉末具有最佳的混料均匀性。反应物粒径小且混料均匀性好的无电焊接笔材料,其燃烧温度高。     

无电焊接中厚度钢板焊接接头的组织结构与性能研究

采用无电焊接方法对12mm厚度钢板进行了焊接。分析了满足中厚度钢板焊接能量要求的技术途径;利用SEM,EDS,XRD等手段观察、分析了焊缝的组织成分与显微结构;测试了焊接接头的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、显微硬度等力学性能。结果表明:在选择高放热体系基础上,通过增大焊接笔直径、减小反应物料粒径、提高压坯密度等方法,可以有效增大焊接热效率,从而满足中厚度钢板焊接能量需求;焊缝组织分为热影响区、熔合区与合金区,焊缝合金与母材间通过熔合区形成了冶金结合;焊接接头因固溶强化和析晶强化的作用,具有良好的力学性能,拉伸强度、平均显微硬度与弯曲强度分别为357MPa、186HV0.2与644MPa,达到了野战应急抢修技术要求。     

“921”钢焊接壳体裂纹韧性J_10非破坏性实测计算方法

前言本文是在此钢焊接壳体常规力学性能非破坏性实测计算方法(1)、(2)、(3)发表之后,考虑到按脆断发生计算缺陷最大容限的需要(4),结合产品生产实际条件,做了比较多的试验研究,对防止焊接壳体发生灾难性脆断事故的定量予算方面,提供了在常温状态下、平面应变型、T-S取向、△α等于零时的裂纹韧性值J_(1c)非破坏性实测计算方法。     

等温温度对N80级石油套管钢组织性能的影响

<正>石油套管钢用量占的全部石油工业用钢用钢的30%左右,而且只能一次性使用,因此需求极大~([1-3])。N80级常用的直缝焊石油套管钢,按照SY/T5989-2019《直缝电阻焊套管》标准规定要求其要有高的强度(屈服强度不低于552MPa,抗拉强度不低于689MPa),低的屈强比,良好的塑性韧性(断后伸长率不低于16%,0℃横向KV不低于32J)和焊接性~([4-6])。而要获得良好的综合力学性能,石油套管钢生产过程中控轧控冷的工艺尤为关键。     

焊接工艺对熔敷金属韧性的影响

探讨了改变焊接工艺对焊条熔敷金属冲击韧性的影响．研究表明：改变焊接工艺,将通过改变熔敷金属的化学成分,影响熔敷金属的强度和韧性;降低焊接线能量时,将降低熔敷金属中的氧含量及其氧化夹杂物的数量和大小,从而提高熔敷金属的韧性     

无电焊接热循环测试研究

利用热电偶测试了无电焊接过程中同一厚度钢板不同位置、不同厚度钢板同一位置处的焊接热循环曲线,探讨了无电焊接热循环规律及焊接母材厚度对无电焊接热循环的影响。研究表明：无电焊接时,焊件上不同位置点的热循环曲线与电弧焊基本相似。但相较而言,无电焊接在加热阶段的升温速度与冷却阶段的降温速度均显著小于电弧焊。无电焊接过程中,焊件上离焊缝中心线越近,其升温速度越大,峰值温度越高,冷却速度也越大,这一变化规律与电弧焊时完全一致。无电焊接时,焊接热量沿横向的传热速度远大于其沿纵向的传热速度,这使得焊件厚度对无电焊接的影响较为显著,也是焊件厚度增加将导致焊接难度显著增大的根本原因。     

Multiobjective optimization of friction welding of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel

The present study is to optimize the process parameters for friction welding of duplex stainless steel(DSS UNS S32205).Experiments were conducted according to central composite design.Process variables,as inputs of the neural network,included friction pressure,upsetting pressure,speed and burn-off length.Tensile strength and microhardness were selected as the outputs of the neural networks.The weld metals had higher hardness and tensile strength than the base material due to grain refinement which caused failures away from the joint interface during tensile testing.Due to shorter heating time,no secondary phase intermetallic precipitation was observed in the weld joint.A multi-layer perceptron neural network was established for modeling purpose.Five various training algorithms,belonging to three classes,namely gradient descent,genetic algorithm and LevenbergeM arquardt,were used to train artificial neural network.The optimization was carried out by using particle swarm optimization method.Confirmation test was carried out by setting the optimized parameters.In conformation test,maximum tensile strength and maximum hardness obtained are 822 MPa and 322 Hv,respectively.The metallurgical investigations revealed that base metal,partially deformed zone and weld zone maintain austenite/ferrite proportion of 50:50.     

焊接工艺对GMAW堆焊焊缝区温度场影响的数值模拟

为了探索焊接工艺对熔化极气体保护堆焊快速成形零件组织性能的影响，根据材料热物理性能参数以及相变潜热与温度的非线性关系，建立了熔化极气体保护堆焊成形过程的数学模型和有限元模型，利用ANSYS软件的APDL语言编写程序，实现了高斯移动热源载荷下的熔化极气体保护堆焊成形温度场计算，分析对比了不同焊接工艺对焊缝区温度场热循环的影响。结果表明：在其他因素一定的条件下，热输入和焊接速度对焊缝区热循环影响显著，而基板厚度对其影响较小；选择厚度约为16mm的基板，采用小于120×20J的热输入和大于10mm／s的焊接速度有望成形出性能优良的零件。     

Friction welding of AA6061 to AISI 4340 using silver interlayer

The present work pertains to the study on joining of AA6061 and AISI 4340 through continuous drive friction welding. The welds were evaluated by metallographic examination, X-ray diffraction, electron probe microanalysis, tensile test and microhardness. The study reveals that the presence of an intermetallic compound layer at the bonded interface exhibits poor tensile strength and elongation. Mg in AA6061 near to the interface is found to be favourable for the formation and growth of Fe2Al5 intermetallics. Introduction of silver as an interlayer through electroplating on AISI 4340 resulted in accumulation of Si at weld interface, replacing Mg at AA6061 side, thereby reducing the width of intermetallic compound layer and correspondingly increasing the tensile strength. Presence of silver at the interface results in partial replacement of Fe-Al based intermetallic compounds with Ag-Al based compounds. The presence of these intermetallics was confirmed by X-ray diffraction technique. Since Ag-Al phases are ductile in nature, tensile strength is not deteriorated and the silicon segregation at weld interface on AA6061 in the joints with silver interlayer acts as diffusion barrier for Fe and further avoids formation of Fe-Al based intermetallics. A maximum tensile strength of 240 MPa along with 4.9% elongation was obtained for the silver interlayer dissimilar metal welds. The observed trends in tensile properties and hardness were explained in relation to the microstructure.     

Gas tungsten arc welding of ZrB_2-SiC based ultra high temperature ceramic composites

The difficulty in fabricating the large size or complex shape limits the application of ZrB2-SiC composites. Joining them by fusion welding without or with preheating, controlled cooling under protective gas shield leads to thermal shock failure or porosity at the weld interface. In the present work, a filler material of(ZrB2-SiC-B4C-YAG) composite with oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance was produced in the form of welding wire. Using the filler, gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW) was performed without employing preheating, post controlled cooling and extraneous protective gas shield to join hot pressed ZrB2-SiC(ZS), and pressureless sintered ZrB2-SiC-B4C-YAG(ZSBY) composites to themselves. The fusion welding resulted in cracking and non-uniform joining without any filler material. The weld interfaces of the composites were very clean and coherent. The Vickers micro-hardness across the weld interface was found to increase due to the increase in the volume % of both SiC and B4C in the filler material. The shear strength of the weld was about 50% of the flextural strength of the parent composite.     

铝热焊接工艺参数优化研究

为获得最佳铝热焊接工艺参数,对拉伸试件进行了正交试验和二次通用旋转组合试验,研究预热温度、加压时间和预留焊缝3因素对接头强度的影响,进而寻求一组使焊接接头强韧性最高的焊接工艺参数组合。利用电子显微镜等对试件拉伸断口进行了分析,通过对比2种开始加压时间下试件的显微组织和性能,研究了这2种方法对接头强韧性的影响。结果表明:采用设计的铝热焊接试验装置和优化出的随焊加压致密化工艺参数,可使焊接接头获得大变形组织,从而获得高的强度和韧性。该项研究可为提高铝热焊接质量提供基础数据。