压力容器的声振时效——对声激振的探讨

根据振动时效对动应力分布的要求及压力容器的结构特点,通过对容器结构的固有频率、固有振型及其相应的动应力的分析,提出采用声激振来消除焊接残余应力以达到时效的目的,并在压力容器上成功地进行了声激振试验。     

壳间声桥刚度对双层圆柱壳声振耦合特性的影响

考虑实肋板的面内振动,建立了通过声桥耦合的双层圆柱壳声振模型,计算了双层圆柱壳在不同壳间连接刚度下的振声性能,分析了壳间声桥刚度对双层壳声振耦合特性的影响,得出了声桥耦合特性的主要控制频带.结果表明:壳间声桥刚度直接影响双层壳耦合方式;当实肋板刚度较大时,在低频,水层的耦合作用表现略强,在较高的频率范围,实肋板的耦合作用要大得多;当实肋板刚度较小,尤其是接近壳间流体的等效刚度时,壳间流体耦合作用较强,是主要的声传递通道,壳体辐射声功率较小,对减振降噪有利.在保证壳体刚度的情况下,尽量减小壳间连接刚度可有效降低壳体辐射噪声.     

一种基于声矢量阵混响空间特性的窄带目标探测算法

针对声矢量水听器阵主动探测问题，从声矢量混响空间特性方面开展研究。首先，从理论上分析各向同性混响条件下声压阵、振速阵的空间相关系数，指出远距离、长处理帧条件下声压、振速阵列半波长以上阵元间距的各向同性混响近似不相关；然后，以此为基础，给出声矢量圆阵信号接收模型，并针对各向异性、各向同性混响共存情况，给出了一种声矢量解析振速平滑阵列处理方法。该方法充分利用解析振速结构特点，对声压、解析振速阵列数据协方差矩阵进行累加平均，有效减小了不同阵元各向异性混响成分相干性。实测数据结果表明：声矢量解析振速平滑方法的常规波束形成处理与最小方差无畸变波束形成处理的声场级都小于声压阵处理结果，具有更高的目标分辨能力。     

高速防空导弹声固耦合动力学分析技术研究

针对防空导弹的特点和工程应用的需求开展声固耦合动力学分析方法研究.以防空导弹典型舱体结构为例,分别建立有限元模型和统计能量分析模型,结合模型修正后的分析参数,提出了全频段声固耦合分析技术的解决方案,计算得到声振系统全频段的结构和声场响应结果,与试验结果对比,验证了方法的有效性.     

肋骨、舱壁布置形式对圆柱壳水下声振特性的影响

采用结构有限元耦合流体边界元方法对不同肋骨、舱壁布置形式的圆柱壳的流固耦合响应进行了计算。通过波数谱方法,结合柱壳规则波的声辐射效率,对不同波数成分结构波的振动与声辐射进行了量化。运用等间距与不等间距结构振动理论揭示了肋骨、舱壁布置形式对圆柱壳水下振动与声辐射特性产生影响的机理。研究发现:结构不等间距布置的圆柱壳水下振动特性整体上较优,但受壳体周向振动模式影响较大;结构不等间距布置的圆柱壳声辐射特性并不一定优于结构等间距布置的圆柱壳声辐射特性。     

水下平板结构声振耦合分析的等效源法研究

水下航行体在水下辐射的噪声是水下目标探测的主要信息来源，快速精确地计算其辐射噪声特征参数对于结构的声辐射预报与控制具有十分重要意义。不同于空气中结构声辐射的预报，重流体介质如水中结构的噪声计算，由于结构振动和声场之间存在的耦合作用以及边界面上计算中存在的奇异积分问题，导致传统的边界元方法在计算效率和精度上受到一定限制。为此，利用波叠加原理，通过在结构内部分布点声源等效模拟振动产生的结构外声场，并根据结构与介质的边界连续性条件和体积速度匹配原则，构建了声振耦合动力学方程，以求解相应的等效源强度，进一步计算了声功率等声学参数。以水下置于无限大障板上的矩形板为案例，采用所提方法计算其声功率，并与解析解进行对比，证明了该等效源法的有效性。     

统计能量优化设计法研究

用设计变量表示统计能量法参数,建立统计能量法方程解得结构各频段能量值,用能量值表示目标函数,基于此建立基于统计能量法声振优化设计模型.对一个由两子系统构成的结构进行优化设计表明,由于能量随频率变化的光滑性,基于统计能量法的模型很适于优化设计.     

基于声矢量阵的宽带波束域高分辨方位估计

宽带信号波束域处理是实现水下目标高分辨方位估计的重要途径,它相对阵元域具有运算量小、分辨信噪比门限低以及角度分辨力高的优点。声矢量阵单个阵元能同时测量声场中的声压量和3个正交的质点振速分量,相对于声压阵,它能获取更多的声场信息。因此通过均匀声矢量阵运用MUSIC算法对宽带信号源波束域DOA估计进行了研究,改善了对弱相干信号源的方位分辨和估计性能,实验所获得的仿真结果表明了该方法具有较高的参考价值。     

模拟罐声发射试验研究

为验证常压储罐声发射的基本规律,并获得罐底缺陷声发射信号数据,在模拟罐进行声发射试验。原始状态的模拟罐底部存在沉淀,通过原始状态与清洗罐底后声发射试验结果对比,得出罐底沉淀物会产生部分声发射信号并影响声发射检测,以及涂层对声发射检测影响较小的结论。凹坑和通孔是罐底常见腐蚀缺陷,通过设计和预制3种罐底缺陷状态,分别对各种缺陷状态的罐底进行声发射试验,分析缺陷的声发射信号特征,得到缺陷在升压和保压检测中的声发射信号数据,为声发射检测数据分析提供参考。     

圆柱壳振动声辐射Jacobi-Ritz时域半解析法及特性分析

针对圆柱壳结构瞬态声振特性分析研究不足,结合Newmark-β积分法和Kirchhoff时域边界积分方程,提出一种圆柱壳受迫振动声辐射Jacobi-Ritz时域半解析法。基于一阶剪切变形理论和微元法思想,建立了圆柱壳振动声辐射分析模型,采取Jacobi多项式和Fourier级数表示轴向和周向位移容许函数,基于Rayleigh-Ritz法和Newmark-β积分法计算圆柱壳的受迫振动时域响应,在此基础上,基于Kirchhoff积分方程求解辐射噪声时域响应,分析圆柱壳受迫振动声辐射特性。与有限元方法/边界元方法数值结果对比表明,该方法具备收敛性好、精度高等优点,圆柱壳结构声振响应峰值随边界条件的刚度变弱存在左移现象,振动声辐射响应随厚度的增加呈现下降趋势;当随机载荷峰值频率与结构固有频率接近时,结构声振响应出现强特征线谱。     

Effect of post weld heat treatment on tensile properties and microstructure characteristics of friction stir welded armour grade AA7075-T651 aluminium alloy

This paper reports the effects of post weld heat treatments, namely artificial ageing and solution treatment followed by artificial ageing, on microstructure and mechanical properties of 12 mm thick friction stir welded joints of precipitation hardenable high strength armour grade AA7075-T651 aluminium alloy. The tensile properties, such as yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and notch tensile strength, are evaluated and correlated with the microhardness and microstructural features. The scanning electron microscope is used to characterie the fracture surfaces. The solution treatment followed by ageing heat treatment cycle is found to be marginally beneficial in improving the tensile properties of friction stir welds of AA7075-T651 aluminium alloy.     

An interactive approach to multiple criteria optimization with multiple decision-makers

In this article we propose a formal man-machine interactive approach to multiple criteria optimization with multiple decision makers. The approach is based on some of our earlier research findings in multiple criteria decision making. A discrete decision space is assumed. The same framework may readily be used for multiple criteria mathematical programming problems. To test the approach two experiments were conducted using undergraduate Business School students as subjects in Finland and in the United States. The context was, respectively, a high-level Finnish labor-management problem and the management-union collective bargaining game developed at the Krannert Graduate School of Management, Purdue University. The results of the experiments indicate that our approach is a potentially useful decision aid for group decision-making and bargaining problems.     

Comparative evaluation of prior versus progressive articulation of preference in bicriterion optimization

Procedures for solving multiple criteria problems are receiving increasing attention. Two major solution approaches are those involving prior articulation and progressive articulation of preference information. A progressive articulation (interactive) optimization approach, called the Paired Comparison Method (PCM) is compared to the prior articulation approach of a priori utility function measurement in a quality control decision environment from the perspective of the decision maker. The three major issues investigated included: (1) the ease of use of each method, (2) the preferences of solutions obtained, and (3) the insight provided by the methodology into the nature and structure of the problem. The problem setting involved management students who were rquired to determine an acceptance sampling plan using both methods. The PCM provided the most preferred solutions and was considered easier to use and understand. The prior articulation of preference method was found to give more insight into the problem structure. The results suggest that a hybrid approach, combining both prior preference assessment and an interactive procedure exploiting the advantages of each, should be employed to solve multiple criteria problems.     

Effect of operating temperature on aged single lap bonded joints

In recent decades, designers have increasingly focused on the stability of assemblies in composite materials over time, particularly when used in structural applications. The use of structural adhesives allows for realising assemblies without mechanical fasteners. In fact, bonding is an assembly technique that prevent corrosion, ensures uniform stresses in the joint, and grows the specific resistance of the assembly. The knowledge of the behaviour of bonded joint is necessary to ensure the reliability of this technique over time, especially in aggressive environments. The aim of this work consists in investigating the combined effect of hydrothermal ageing and temperature test on the lap shear strength of single lap joints realised in CFRP. The results showed a higher influence of the ageing on paste adhesive compared to film adhesive. However, the ageing, combined with the operating temperature, played a fundamental role on the shear strength of the bonded joints.     

离散型随机BAM神经网络时滞分布依赖全局指数稳定性

研究一类具有随机时滞与随机干扰的离散型BAM神经网络的全局指数稳定性,所建模型同时考虑离散时滞变化区间与分布概率对稳定性的影响．通过构造新的Lyapunov泛函并结合线性矩阵不等式（LMI）方法,得到了均方意义下依赖于时滞分布的全局指数稳定性条件．     

Microstructure and corrosion behaviour of gas tungsten arc welds of maraging steel

Superior properties of maraging steels make them suitable for the fabrication of components used for military applications like missile covering, rocket motor casing and ship hulls. Welding is the main process for fabrication of these components, while the maraging steels can be fusion welded using gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW) process. All these fabricated components require longer storage life and a major problem in welds is susceptible to stress corrosion cracking(SCC). The present study is aimed at studying the SCC behaviour of MDN 250(18% Ni) steel and its welds with respect to microstructural changes. In the present study, 5.2 mm thick sheets made of MDN 250 steel in the solution annealed condition was welded using GTAW process. Post-weld heat treatments of direct ageing(480 C for 3 h), solutionizing(815 C for 1 h) followed by ageing and homogenizing(1150 C for 1 h) followed by ageing were carried out. A mixture of martensite and austenite was observed in the microstructure of the fusion zone of solutionized and direct aged welds and only martensite in as-welded condition. Homogenization and ageing treatment have eliminated reverted austenite and elemental segregation. Homogenized welds also exhibited a marginal improvement in the corrosion resistance compared to those in the as-welded, solutionized and aged condition. Constant load SCC test data clearly revealed that the failure time of homogenized weld is much longer compared to other post weld treatments, and the homogenization treatment is recommended to improve the SCC life of GTA welds of MDN 250 Maraging steel.     

Implicit enumeration based algorithms for postoptimizing zero-one programs

It has been shown by G. Roodman that useful postoptimization capabilities for the 0-1 integer programming problem can be obtained from an implicit enumeration algorithm modified to classify and collect all fathomed partial solutions. This paper extends the the approach as follows: 1) Improved parameter ranging formulas are obtained by higher resolution classification criteria. 2) Parameters may be changed so as to tighten the original problem, in addition to relaxing it. 3) An efficient storage structure is presented to cope with difficult data collection task implicit in this approach. 4) Finally, computer implementation is facilitated by the elaboration of a unified set of algorithms.     

温度及密封性对改性双基推进剂中安定剂的影响

采用热加速寿命试验和安定剂质量分数测试试验（气相色谱），确定改性双基推进剂在不同温度、不同贮存条件下安定剂间苯二酚（Res）和中定剂（C2）质量分数的变化规律，分析安定剂质量分数变化的原因，得出不同温度下密封性对此类推进剂中安定剂质量分数的影响规律。     

Applying Order-of-Battle to Al Qaeda Operations

Since the global war on terror began, the pursuit of Al Qaeda is widely considered as warfare and not the pursuit of criminals. In light of counter-terrorism being redefined as war, the criteria applied for tracking militaries of conventional enemies may also be applicable to Al Qaeda. Intelligence analysts have long used the nine order-of-battle (OB) criteria as part of the estimative process for conventional, or nation-state, enemies. Applying OB criteria to Al Qaeda may assist intelligence analysts in knowing the enemy and identifying changes that will allow for predictive analysis. Many elements of Al Qaeda's OB prior to the events of 11 September were viewed as clutter and not significant changes that might have otherwise alerted intelligence analysts to the impending attack. This essay suggests how one might go about applying the nine OB criteria to analysis of Al Qaeda. Although more difficult and requiring modification, using an analytical procedure that has been tested successfully over many years is a logical step in the war on Al Qaeda. If all OB changes are tracked and analyzed using a systematic approach as outlined in this essay, Al Qaeda attacks may be predicted and/or curtailed in the future.