悬置螺母的载荷分布及优化设计

本文在全面考虑螺旋付变形和建立合理的力学模型的基础上,导出了悬置螺母载荷分布计算的矩阵表达式,并以载荷分布均匀为目标对其结构参数进行了优化。优化结果较好地改善了悬置螺母的载荷分布状况,显示出良好的应用前景。     

冲压式翼伞开伞仿真计算

本文分析了冲压式翼伞开伞的特点,提出了一个展弦向二维开伞模型,建立了伞衣的径向运动方程。在推导系统运动方程和分离体运动方程的基础上,建立翼伞开伞仿真状态方程,用龙格-库塔法求解,给出开伞充满时间、开伞动载、翼伞速度和位置坐标等参数的变化值。本文提供的开伞仿真计算软件包,可用于各类冲压式翼伞的开伞仿真计算。     

有机涂层缓蚀剂的研究

在普通涂料中加入缓蚀剂构成缓蚀涂料,可以大大增强涂料的防蚀能力。本工作针对舰船船底漆铝扮沥青环氧涂层,研究了二种含有氨基、羧基及杂环的有机缓蚀剂,当在普通的船底漆中加入少量缓蚀剂后,不改变原来涂层的物理机械性能,但可显著地提高涂层的耐蚀性能,采用了浸泡试验、盐雾箱试验及交流阻抗测试对涂层的耐蚀性能进行了评价,并采用电化学方法对涂层缓蚀剂的机理作了探讨。     

科研经费管理决策支持系统若干模型

本文应用多目标决策原理和计算机技术,在分析用户需求的基础上,建立了科研任务项目的预测评价和经费分配模型,并分析了有关模型的关系和解决性质。根据这些模型和决策的特点,简要叙述了该系统的主要功能。我们相信,该系统的应用,将给管理人员提供方便,且使管理进一步科学化,让有限的经费发挥更大的作用。     

Comparison of rank aggregation methods based on inherent ability

Ranking is a common task for selecting and evaluating alternatives. In the past few decades, combining rankings results from various sources into a consensus ranking has become an increasingly active research topic. In this study, we focus on the evaluation of rank aggregation methods. We first develop an experimental data generation method, which can provide ground truth ranking for alternatives based on their “inherent ability.” This experimental data generation method can generate the required individual synthetic rankings with adjustable accuracy and length. We propose characterizing the effectiveness of rank aggregation methods by calculating the Kendall tau distance between the aggregated ranking and the ground truth ranking. We then compare four classical rank aggregation methods and present some useful findings on the relative performances of the four methods. The results reveal that both the accuracy and length of individual rankings have a remarkable effect on the comparison results between rank aggregation methods. Our methods and results may be helpful to both researchers and decision‐makers.     

The effects of local elections on national military spending: A cross-country study

In this paper, we study the domestic political determinants of military spending. Our conceptual framework suggests that power distribution over local and central governments influences the government provision of national public goods, in our context, military expenditure. Drawing on a large cross-country panel, we demonstrate that having local elections will decrease a country’s military expenditure markedly, controlling for other political and economic variables. According to our preferred estimates, a country’s military expenditure is on average 20% lower if its state government officials are locally elected, which is consistent with our theoretical prediction.     

非战争军事行动经济动员不均衡性的负面影响及其对策

非战争军事行动经济动员的就近性与定向性突显,在微观上造成了地区、行业以及军事劳务间动员义务的不均衡性,对动员客体积极性、主动性产生了负面影响。文章按剖析原因、找准对策的思路,探讨了解决负面影响的基本对策。     

Optimal production ramp-up in the smartphone manufacturing industry

Motivated by challenges in the smartphone manufacturing industry, we develop a dynamic production ramp-up model that can be applied to economically satisfy nonstationary demand for short-life-cycle products by high-tech companies. Due to shorter life cycles and more rapid evolution of smartphones, production ramp-up has been increasingly critical to the success of a new smartphone. In the production ramp-up, the key challenge is to match the increasing capacity to nonstationary demand. The high-tech smartphone manufacturers are urged to jointly consider the effect of increasing capacity and decreasing demand. We study the production planning problem using a high-dimensional Markov decision process (MDP) model to characterize the production ramp-up. To address the curse of dimensionality, we refine Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) algorithm and theoretically analyze its convergence and computational complexity. In a real case study, we find that the MDP model achieves revenue improvement by stopping producing the existing product earlier than the benchmark policy. In synthetic instances, we validate that the proposed MCTS algorithm saves computation time without loss of solution quality compared with traditional value iteration algorithm. As part of the Lenovo production solution, our MDP model enables high-tech smartphone manufacturers to better plan the production ramp-up.     

西部地区教育电视的生存与发展对策研究

本文通过对教育电视的发展面临传媒同业的激烈竞争和西部地区教育电视生存条件的分析,阐明了教育电视在西部地区远程教育中的重要作用,并提出了西部地区教育电视的发展对策。     

应用四元数理论确定头盔瞄准系统的瞄准线

讨论了头盔瞄准具电磁敏感系统的工作原理,研究了确定头盔瞄准系统瞄准线的两种方法,结合工程实践建立了四元数法确定瞄准线的数学模型,给出了计算结果,并进行了结果分析。