军用工程机械急造军路机群优化配置研究

针对军用工程机械遂行构筑急造军路任务过程中,面临的多型装备、多种任务、多点同时作业的机群配置难题,基于整数线性规划理论建立了军用工程机械机群优化配置模型,并运用改进的离散粒子群算法得出最优的配置方案.实例分析表明,该机群优化配置方法可以快速、高效地提出军用工程机械机群优化配置方案,为充分发挥军用工程机械的保障能力提供了决策支持.     

Fullerene bisadduct stabilizers: The effect of different addition positions on inhibiting the autocatalytic decomposition of nitrocellulose absorbed nitroglycerin

To explore the effect of different positions and number of pyrrolidine bound to the carbon cage on the stabilization effect of fulleropyrrolidine derivatives to nitrocellulose (NC)/nitroglycerine (NG), we synthesized N-(4-methoxy) phenylpyrrolidine-C₆₀ and four different of bis(N-(4-methoxy) phenylpyrrolidine)-C₆₀ compounds through Prato reaction. Their structures were characterized by UV–vis, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, high-resolution mass spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Their stabilization effect to NC/NG were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, methyl violet, vacuum stabilization effect, weight loss, and accelerating rate calorimeter tests. The results indicated these compounds had excellent stabilization effect to NC/NG. The stabilization effect of the fulleropyrrolidine bisadducts to NC/NG is significantly better than that of fulleropyrrolidine monoadduct and C₆₀. Moreover, the position where pyrrolidine binds to fullerene in fulleropyrrolidine bisadducts is different, and its stabilization effect to NC is also different. The stabilization effect order of different bisadduct isomers to nitrocellulose is as follows: e-edge > trans-2> cis-2> trans-3. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and FT-IR were used to study the stabilization mechanism of fulleropyrrolidine derivatives to NC/NG. The EPR results also show that fulleropyrrolidine bisadducts with different addition sites have different abilities to absorb nitroxide, and their ability is better than that of the monoadduct and C₆₀, which is consistent with the results of stabilization effect performance test.     

Chain damage effects of multi-spaced plates by reactive jet impact

Chain damage is a new phenomenon that occurs when a reactive jet impacts and penetrates multi-spaced plates.The reactive jet produces mechanical perforations on the spaced plates by its kinetic energy(KE),and then results in unusual chain rupturing effects and excessive structural damage on the spaced plates by its deflagration reaction.In the present study,the chain damage behavior is initially demonstrated by experiments.The reactive liners,composed of 26 wt％Al and 74 wt％PTFE,are fabricated through a pressing and sintering process.Three reactive liner thicknesses of 0.08 CD,0.10 CD and 0.12 CD(charge diameter)are chosen to carry out the chain damage experiments.The results show a chain rupturing phenomenon caused by reactive jet.The constant reaction delay time and the different penetration velocities of reactive jets from liners with different thicknesses result in the variation of the deflagration position,which consequently determines the number of ruptured plates behind the armor.Then,the finite-element code AUTODYN-3D has been used to simulate the kinetic energy only-induced rupturing effects on plates,based on the mechanism of behind armor debris(BAD).The significant discrepancies between simulations and experiments indicate that one enhanced damage mechanism,the behind armor blast(BAB),has acted on the ruptured plates.Finally,a theoretical model is used to consider the BAB-induced enhancement,and the analysis shows that the rupturing area on aluminum plates depends strongly upon the KE only-induced pre-perforations,the mass of reactive materials,and the thickness of plates.     

新型装甲装备部队试用初探

新装备不经部队试用就批量生产交付部队使用,是导致新装备质量水平低、长期不能形成保障能力的重要原因之一。开展部队试用是提高新装备的质量与可靠性水平,促进新装备尽快形成作战、保障能力的重要途径之一。分析了开展新装备部队试用工作的必要性,探讨了新型装甲装备部队试用的基本任务,并对如何开展装甲新装备部队试用工作提出了几点建议。     

三坐标雷达目标真实高度估计算法研究

在目标跟踪领域,通过三坐标雷达的测量值(斜距、仰角及方位角)来估算目标的真实高度一直是个难点。目前主要有两类处理方法:坐标转换法和等效地球半径法。前者把与雷达天线相关的三坐标测量值转换到大地坐标系统来计算目标高度;后者充分考虑地球曲率以及大气折射的特性,通过增加地球半径来估算目标的高度。最后对上述的两类方法进行总结、比较与分析。     

集成电路方波脉冲注入损伤效应实验研究

为了得到各损伤参数随脉宽的变化规律,寻找建立评价复杂EMP波形对集成电路损伤模型的依据,对2种典型的集成电路器件进行了方波脉冲注入损伤实验。结果表明:RAM6264损伤电压、电流及功率均随脉宽增大而减小,损伤能量处于某一小范围之内,可能属于能量损伤型器件;BG305损伤电压、功率随脉宽增大而减小,损伤能量随脉宽增大而增大,损伤电流处于某一个小范围之内,可能属于电流损伤型器件。     

避雷针保护范围的图形仿真与图解法分析

针对避雷针设计过程中计算公式过于复杂的问题,提出了利用平面几何作图求解避雷针联合保护范围的方法,给出了单支、双支和四支避雷针保护范围的作图解题步骤,并利用计算机图形仿真,给出了避雷针保护范围的空间结构图形。     

基于实际案例的导弹装备战斗损伤评估

指出了基于实际案例的通用导弹装备战斗损伤评估内容及特点,提出了战斗损伤评估的量化标准,定义了战损率的概念;采用向量夹角余弦方法综合出了导弹装备各级组件的战损率及车辆的战损量化值,并通过实例证明了该方法具有所需信息量小、主客观综合性强、评估方法易于仿真实现等优点.     

任务空间概念模型VV&A研究

任务空间概念模型是现实世界军事知识的第一层抽象,是仿真系统开发的业务基础.所以任务空间概念模型的质量直接影响到仿真系统的质量,任务空间概念模型自身的VV&A是一个非常值得关注的问题.任务空间概念建模本质上看是军事领域的知识表示或者需求描述,定性描述占主要,定量成分非常少.因此,传统的通过分析输出数据的方法不能适应任务空间概念模型的特点.概要介绍了任务空间概念模型建模,并且提出了从专家法、静态校核机制、概念执行机制三个角度来考察模型质量的思路.     

粗糙集中不确定性测量的修正粗糙熵方法

分析了引起粗糙集中不确定性的因素,对已有的测量不确定性的粗糙度与粗糙熵方法进行了比较,提出了一种修正的粗糙熵方法,证明了此粗糙熵的性质,并将基于等价关系的修正粗糙熵拓展到基于一般二元关系下的广义修正粗糙熵,同时给出了广义修正粗糙熵的定义及性质.通过分析和实例可以看出,所提出的修正粗糙熵方法可以用来更合理、更精确地测量粗糙集中的不确定性.