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121.
Consider a repeated newsvendor problem for managing the inventory of perishable products. When the parameter of the demand distribution is unknown, it has been shown that the traditional separated estimation and optimization (SEO) approach could lead to suboptimality. To address this issue, an integrated approach called operational statistics (OS) was developed by Chu et al., Oper Res Lett 36 (2008) 110–116. In this note, we first study the properties of this approach and compare its performance with that of the traditional SEO approach. It is shown that OS is consistent and superior to SEO. The benefit of using OS is larger when the demand variability is higher. We then generalize OS to the risk‐averse case under the conditional value‐at‐risk (CVaR) criterion. To model risk from both demand sampling and future demand uncertainty, we introduce a new criterion, called the total CVaR, and find the optimal OS under this new criterion. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 206–214, 2015 相似文献
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为更好地将废旧轮胎应用于落石灾害防护领域,对不同型号的废旧轮胎进行了单向重复压缩试验,并对单个轮胎分别进行了2个相互垂直方向上的重复压缩试验,利用LS-DYNA软件模拟了废旧轮胎的压缩试验过程。结果表明:废旧轮胎具有明显的弹性特征和被重复利用的性质,能够重复承受较大变形且割线刚度降低较小;一个方向上被压缩过的废旧轮胎沿圆周方向旋转90°后再进行压缩,其割线刚度几乎能够恢复到初始状态;废旧轮胎的有限元简化模型较为合理,在落石灾害防护领域有着广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
123.
为了给超混沌系统在保密通信中的应用提供理论支撑,研究了一类含交叉项、立方项和常数项的超混沌系统的全局有限时间同步和全局渐近同步问题.首先,采用广义线性状态误差反馈控制器建立了该类超混沌系统的两个有限时间同步架构,应用有限时间稳定性理论和代数不等式技巧证明了该类超混沌系统的有限时间同步定理;然后,再将该定理应用于超混沌R... 相似文献
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在处理目标跟踪的过程中,为了与实际接近,动态系统的模型选为非线性,而滤波算法采用非线性系统的滤波方法。在介绍了三种非线性滤波算法(EKF、UKF、PF)的原理和实现的同时,说明了各自适用的范围,以便针对不同问题采取比较便捷的算法来有效地实现算法在实际中的应用。EKF适用于线性化过程中系统对高阶项要求较小的情况下,UKF适用在噪声服从高斯分布的情况下,PF则适用与非高斯分布的情况下。此外,通过实例对三种算法分别进行了跟踪仿真实验,表明UKF、PF算法精度要比EKF算法高,UKF、EKF的实时性比PF好,PF的计算量相对较大。 相似文献
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This article investigates the method of allocating arriving vessels to the terminals in transshipment hubs. The terminal allocation decision faced by a shipping alliance has the influence on the scheduled arrival time of vessels and further affects the bunker consumption cost for the vessels. A model is formulated to minimize the bunker consumption cost as well as the transportation cost of inter‐terminal transshipment flows/movements. The capacity limitation of the port resources such as quay cranes (QCs) and berths is taken into account. Besides the terminal allocation, the QC assignment decision is also incorporated in the proposed model. A local branching based method and a particle swarm optimization based method are developed to solve the model in large‐scale problem instances. Numerical experiments are also conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model, which can save around 14% of the cost when compared with the “First Come First Served” decision rule. Moreover, the proposed solution methods not only solve the proposed model within a reasonable computation time, but also obtain near‐optimal results with about 0.1~0.7% relative gap. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 529–548, 2016 相似文献
129.
Gas and particulate emissions from ship transportation have been increasing in recent years. In order to mitigate ship emissions near coastal areas, voluntary vessel speed reduction incentive programs (VSRIPs) were put in place by a number of ports. This paper studies a schedule design problem faced by liner shipping companies under VSRIPs. It proposes a mixed-integer nonlinear mathematical model for the minimization of the total cost, consisting of fuel cost, as well as operating cost, minus dockage refunds. The model balances three determinants, that is, the compliance of VSRIPs, the speed limit (the maximum physical speed of ships and the upper speed limit imposed by VSRIPs), and the limited number of ships. An enumerative algorithm and a piecewise-linear approximation algorithm are developed, based on some properties of the nonlinear model. The efficiency of the proposed algorithms is validated through extensive computational experiments. 相似文献
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通过改变不同的熔融纺丝工艺研究了聚碳硅烷纤维熔融纺丝时纺丝稳定性的影响因素。研究表明:提高介质温度到180~200℃、采用向下的环形吹风、控制成形区气流的大小与流向、纺程控制在90cm左右、加强集束与控制外部条件的稳定性等有利于提高纺丝稳定性。 相似文献