正反向量子斯特林循环有限时间热力学性能界限和优化准则

研究了正反向量子斯特林循环的最优性能.在经典极限下,导出了循环的有限时间热力学性能界限和优化准则.得到了斯特林热机、制冷机和热泵特性参数之间的优化关系.     

An adaptive forecasting algorithm and inventory policy for products with short life cycles

Products with short life cycles are becoming increasingly common in many industries, such as the personal computer (PC) and mobile phone industries. Traditional forecasting methods and inventory policies can be inappropriate for forecasting demand and managing inventory for a product with a short life cycle because they usually do not take into account the characteristics of the product life cycle. This can result in inaccurate forecasts, high inventory cost, and low service levels. Besides, many forecasting methods require a significant demand history, which is available only after the product has been sold for some time. In this paper, we present an adaptive forecasting algorithm with two characteristics. First, it uses structural knowledge on the product life cycle to model the demand. Second, it combines knowledge on the demand that is available prior to the launch of the product with actual demand data that become available after the introduction of the product to generate and update demand forecasts. Based on the forecasting algorithm, we develop an optimal inventory policy. Since the optimal inventory policy is computationally expensive, we propose three heuristics and show in a numerical study that one of the heuristics generates near‐optimal solutions. The evaluation of our approach is based on demand data from a leading PC manufacturer in the United States, where the forecasting algorithm has been implemented. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

着眼装备信息化的长远发展积极科学的建设好装备基础数据库

信息化战争是信息化武器装备发展到成熟时期、新军事变革发展到高级阶段、社会变革跨入信息时代的最新战争模式。信息化战争离不开信息化的装备，装备信息化的建设也离不开装备管理的信息化，装备管理信息化的水平对装备信息化本身的发展会起到很重要的促进作用，装备基础数据库则是装备管理信息化的基础。本文将重点分析装备基础数据库建设的现状，阐述科学建设装备基础数据库的好处，并提出对建设通用装备基础数据库的几点思考。     

Value management of diagnostic equipment with cancelation,no‐show,and emergency patients

Magnetic resonance imaging and other multifunctional diagnostic facilities, which are considered as scarce resources of hospitals, typically provide services to patients with different medical needs. This article examines the admission policies during the appointment management of such facilities. We consider two categories of patients: regular patients who are scheduled in advance through an appointment system and emergency patients with randomly generated demands during the workday that must be served as soon as possible. According to the actual medical needs of patients, regular patients are segmented into multiple classes with different cancelation rates, no‐show probabilities, unit value contributions, and average service times. Management makes admission decisions on whether or not to accept a service request from a regular patient during the booking horizon to improve the overall value that could be generated during the workday. The decisions should be made by considering the cancelation and no‐show behavior of booked patients as well as the emergency patients that would have to be served because any overtime service would lead to higher costs. We studied the optimal admission decision using a continuous‐time discrete‐state dynamic programming model. Identifying an optimal policy for this discrete model is analytically intractable and numerically inefficient because the state is multidimensional and infinite. We propose to study a deterministic counterpart of the problem (i.e., the fluid control problem) and to develop a time‐based fluid policy that is shown to be asymptotically optimal for large‐scale problems. Furthermore, we propose to adopt a mixed fluid policy that is developed based on the information obtained from the fluid control problem. Numerical experiments demonstrate that this improved policy works effectively for small‐scale problems. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 287–304, 2016     

稳像式火控系统实车训练装置的研制

该训练装置可以在安装稳像式火控系统的坦克上完成射击基础练习的训练与考核.它以单片机为核心,在射击操作与实车相同的条件下,具有自动检靶,自动记录发射数、命中数,自动变换目标,自动报警,自动评定和显示成绩等功能.射手可独自在坦克内操作,自行开始练习,自我检查操作结果.     

舰船结构塑性动力响应研究进展

从舰船结构塑性动力响应的工程背景出发,简要介绍了该问题当前的研究进展．主要评述了国内外学者所关注的一些基本问题和研究方法,主要包括解析法、近似法、数值法等,以及冲击载荷作用下梁、板、板架、壳体等结构塑性动力响应的研究进展．     

夹杂物对有机涂层下碳钢腐蚀初期过程的影响

选择两种具有典型夹杂物的碳钢,通过浸泡试验,研究有机涂层下碳钢的腐蚀初期过程,并和裸钢的腐蚀过程进行对比．结果表明：涂层试样和裸钢试样腐蚀发展的初期过程都是点蚀;涂层试样点蚀诱发孕育期大大长于裸钢试样;点蚀的主要诱发源是钢中的硫化物和硅酸盐;硫化物夹杂物诱发点蚀及点蚀的扩展主要沿夹杂物与基体间的相界进行．     

坚持依法治国与以德治国的有机统一

治国方略的认识和定位 ,是马克思主义国家学说的重要内容。从依法治国到法治与德治相结合 ,是我党治国方略认识上的一次新飞跃 ;在依法治国的同时坚持以德治国 ,是对德治与法治关系的一种理论创新 ;把道德建设与法制建设结合起来 ,是新世纪社会主义精神文明建设的一个新抓手。始终不渝地坚持法治与德治的有机统一 ,对于有中国特色社会主义的持续、全面、健康发展 ,具有重大而深远的意义     

反腐败中“保护主义”现象的原因及其治理

在我国的反腐败斗争中,有一种保护主义现象。它来自社会各个方面,存在于人们的思想感情、政治倾向及权力运作等各个领域,是影响反腐败斗争深入开展的严重障碍。文章从我国当前反腐败斗争的社会现实出发,着重列举了“保护主义”在党员、干部思想行为上的主要表现及其原因,提出了治理办法：要教育广大党员、干部进一步加强建设有中国特色的社会主义理论和社会主义市场经济理论的学习,确立社会主义的改革开放观;要把清除“保护主义”影响的工作纳入源头治理的范畴,实行综合治理;要切实落实党风廉政建设责任制,增强各级领导干部反腐败的责任意识,加大党内和群众监督的力度;要建章立制,加强对党风廉政建设工作的检查和考核。     

酸性条件下几种锅炉炉管钢腐蚀性能分析

研究了几种锅炉炉管钢在 p H=3的 H2 SO4 溶液中腐蚀速率的差异 .电化学测试结果表明 :炉管钢的腐蚀速率与钢中合金元素的种类和含量有一定关系 ;含铬、钼量较高的钢种腐蚀速率较低 .由此可见 ,铬元素是抑制炉管钢在酸性介质中发生腐蚀的最主要的合金元素 ,其他元素如钼、镍等对炉管钢的腐蚀性能也有重要影响