装甲兵作战仿真系统信息存储与回放

在分析DIS信息结构和数据库的基础上,对基于DIS的装甲兵作战仿真系统信息存储与回放进行了研究,并将其应用于装甲兵作战仿真实验室的建设中,收到了良好的效果.     

利用对比度最优准则的压控振荡器调频非线性误差估计与校正方法

针对压控振荡器调频非线性误差的准确估计与校正问题,提出一种以一维距离像对比度最优为准则的自适应估计与校正方法。本方法建立引入温度变量的压控振荡器频率特性模型,并据此估计出某一温度值对应的调频非线性误差,在对中频回波进行误差补偿和一维脉压后,以一维距离像的对比度最优作为迭代收敛准则,实现调频非线性误差的最优估计与校正。仿真和实测数据结果表明,该方法充分考虑了温度因素对压控振荡器输出频率的影响,能够在不增加硬件复杂度的前提下,通过算法实现对调频非线性误差的估计、跟踪与补偿。与传统基于硬件电路进行估计或校正的方法相比,新方法无需由硬件组成闭环估计通道,且具有实时性强、运算量小、补偿精度高的优点,对于克服实际工程应用中压控振荡器器件的参数漂移问题具有重要指导意义。     

基于锥形量热法的油池火相似性及点火特性模拟实验

针对油料池火灾相似性及点火特性研究需要,构建了一种基于耗氧原理的油池火锥形量热法模拟实验系统,引入火灾尺度相似性概念,研究了实验室尺度油池火与真实尺度油池火的相似性关系,探讨了实验室尺度油池火预测真实尺度油池火的可行性,基于实验室尺度锥形量热法研究了油池火点火特性,得到了辐射强度、辐射距离对油料点燃时间的影响规律以及点燃时间与锥照射强度之间的拟合公式。     

基于时频原子分解的地雷目标特征提取及分类

利用车载超宽带地表穿透雷达进行大区域地雷探测在军事领域上有重要的应用价值,能否提取稳定一致的地雷特征是其实用化的关键.提出一种基于时频原子分解的地雷目标特征提取和分类方法,该方法以地雷目标的四维散射函数为基础获取二维时频图像,在对时频图像详细分析的基础上,通过时频原子对地雷目标一维距离向剖面进行分解,得到能够完整描述地雷时频域特征的多个原子,将这些原子作为特征向量送入分层分类器.通过实测数据验证,该方法适用于车载超宽带地表穿透雷达探测地雷.同传统基于时域或频域的特征提取算法相比,该方法提取的特征更加稳定,能有效改善地雷探测性能.     

Rigid elliptical cross-section ogive-nose projectiles penetration into concrete targets

The elliptical cross-section ogive-nose projectile (ECOP) has recently attracted attention because it is well suited to the flattened shape of earth-penetrating weapons. However, the penetration performance of ECOPs has not been completely understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the pene-tration performance of ECOPs into concrete targets using a theoretical method. A general geometric model of ECOPs was introduced, and closed-form penetration equations were derived according to the dynamic cavity-expansion theory. The model was validated by comparing the predicted penetration depths with test data, and the maximum deviation was 15.8％. The increment in the penetration depth of the ECOP was evaluated using the proposed model, and the effect of the major—minor axis ratio on the increment was examined. Additionally, the mechanism of the penetration-depth increment was inves-tigated with respect to the caliber radius head, axial stress, and resistance.     

Partial penetration of annular grooved projectiles impacting ductile metal targets

Changing and optimizing the projectile nose shape is an important way to achieve specific ballistic performance. One special ballistic performance is the embedding effect, which can achieve a delayed high-explosive reaction on the target surface. This embedding effect includes a rebound phase that is significantly different from the traditional penetration process. To better study embedment behavior, this study proposed a novel nose shape called an annular grooved projectile and defined its interaction process with the ductile metal plate as partial penetration. Specifically, we conducted a series of low-velocity-ballistic tests in which these steel projectiles were used to strike 16-mm-thick target plates made with 2024-O aluminum alloy. We observed the dynamic evolution characteristics of this aluminum alloy near the impact craters and analyzed these characteristics by corresponding cross-sectional views and numerical simulations. The results indicated that the penetration resistance had a brief decrease that was influenced by its groove structure, but then it increased significantly-that is, the fluctuation of penetration resistance was affected by the irregular nose shape. Moreover, we visualized the distribution of the material in the groove and its inflow process through the rheology lines in microscopic tests and the highlighted mesh lines in simulations. The combination of these phenomena revealed the embed-ment mechanism of the annular grooved projectile and optimized the design of the groove shape to achieve a more firm embedment performance. The embedment was achieved primarily by the target material filled in the groove structure. Therefore, preventing the shear failure that occurred on the filling material was key to achieving this embedding effect.     

Blast resistance evaluation of urban utility tunnel reinforced with BFRP bars

To improve corrosion-resistance of shallow-buried concrete urban utility tunnels(UUTs),basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)bars are applied to reinforce UUTs.As the UUT must have excellent survival capability under accidental explosions,a shallow-buried BFRP bars reinforced UUT(BBRU)was designed and constructed.Repetitive blast experiments were carried out on this BBRU.Dynamic responses,damage evolutions and failure styles of the BBRU under repetitive explosions were revealed.The tunnel roof is the most vulnerable component and longitudinal cracks develop along the tunnel.When the scaled distance is larger than 1.10 m/kg1/3,no cracks are observed in the experiments.When the BBRU is severely damaged,there are five cracks forming and developing along the roof.The roof is simplified as a clamped-supported one-way slab,proved by the observation that the maximum strain of the transverse bar is much larger than that of the longitudinal bar.Dynamic responses of the roof slab are predicted by dynamic Euler beam theory,which can consistently predict the roof displacement under large-scaled-distance explosion.Compared with the UUT reinforced with steel bars,the BBRU has advantages in blast resistance with smaller deflections and more evenly-distributed cracks when the scaled distance is smaller than 1.260 m/kg1/3 and the steel bars enter plastic state.Longer elastic defamation of the BFRP bars endows the UUT more excellent blast resistance under small-scaled-distance explosions.     

Numerical studies on four-engine rocket exhaust plume impinging on flame deflectors with afterburning

This paper studies the four-engine liquid rocket flow field during the launching phase. Using three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations and two-equation realizable k-epsilon turbulence model, an impact model is established and flow fields of plume impinging on the two different shapes of flame deflectors, including wedge-shaped flame deflector and cone-shaped flame deflector, are calcu-lated. The finite-rate chemical kinetics is used to track chemical reactions. The simulation results show that afterburning mainly occurs in the mixed layer. And the region of peak pressure occurs directly under the rocket nozzle, which is the result of the direct impact of exhaust plume. Compared with the wedge-shaped flame deflector, the cone-shaped flame deflector has great performance on guiding exhaust gas. The wedge-shaped and cone-shaped flame deflectors guide the supersonic exhaust plume away from the impingement point with two directions and circumferential direction, respectively. The maximum pressure and temperature on the wedge-shaped flame deflector surface are 37.2% and 9.9% higher than those for the cone-shaped flame deflector. The results provide engineering guidance and theoretical significance for design in flame deflector of the launch platforms.     

论师范院校语文教育理论课教学改革和实验

语文教育理论课普遍存在教学结构不合理 ,理论体系和技能训练体系不完整 ,缺乏系统性和科学性 ,理论传授与能力训练相脱节等问题 ,影响了教学质量的提高 ,制约了教学改革的展开。本文对该课程的教学结构进行重新审视、梳理 ,将之划分为两个系统 ,并将其各自要素及相互关系进行分析 ,论证了理论知识系统与教学技能训练系统在教学过程中相互对应 ,同步进行 ,共同深化的科学性和可行性。     

压水堆大破口失水事故安全装置实验研究

本文针对压水堆发生主管道“双端断裂”的大破口失水事故而提出了一种安全装置,对其工作原理及工程上实现的可能作了浅析,对其原理性实验过程及结果作了介绍。实验表明:这种安全装置结构简单,原理正确,工程上易实现,造价低廉。它在大破口失水事故发生初期(约数十毫秒)就能充分发挥其作用。对于防止堆芯熔化具有重要意义。