求最大避障圆的一种新算法

分析了在给定圆域Ｄ及Ｄ内的障碍点集Ｖ后,用于生成基本避障圆的几个性质定理．然后由这些定理提出了求最大避障圆的一种新算法．用这种方法可降低计算的复杂性和便于人工作图．     

电子在材料中输运的蒙特卡罗模拟

介绍了电子输运问题的蒙特卡罗方法的基本原理和步骤。电子输运过程的模拟采用了“浓缩历史”蒙特卡罗方法 ,电子随机游动步长根据能量步划分 ,在每个电子游动步内 ,电子的能量损失为非辐射 (碰撞 )能量损失和辐射 (韧致辐射 )能量损失之和 ,其中非辐射能量损失通过对Landau公式的随机抽样得到 ,辐射能量损失以及韧致辐射光子的产生通过利用Bethe Heitler的随机抽样处理 ,在每个电子游动步结束时电子的出射角的抽样利用Gouddsmit Saunderson多重散射公式 ,电子 -电子的散射利用Moller截面公式进行抽样。最后对电子在航天用合金铝平板材料中的输运进行了模拟计算并给出了计算结果     

从卫星SAR海洋图像中检测船目标

船在卫星ＳＡＲ海洋图像中一般是以亮点的形式出现。本文先简要地介绍了船目标在卫星ＳＡＲ海洋图像中的成像原理，在此基础上介绍了三种检测船目标的方法——窗口滤波方法、自适应阈值法、概率密度函数法，并运用实际的卫星ＳＡＲ海洋图像对这三种算法进行了测试。测试结果表明，后两种方法效果比较好。     

基于雷达数字孪生的水上多目标跟踪方法研究

雷达的采样数据经过多目标跟踪处理后可为无人艇提供障碍状态,以保障无人艇的安全.对雷达数字孪生的水上多目标跟踪方法进行了研究.首先,以雷达采样的真实数据为研究对象,建立雷达观测数据多目标跟踪算法全流程处理策略,提出了雷达和惯性导航/全球定位组合导航的采样数据的时钟二次同步对准算法;然后,建立了雷达数据的起始航迹、暂时航迹...     

二维非线性正交异性材料的瞬态热传导反问题研究

针对正交异性材料的二维非线性热传导反问题,本文采用顺序函数法对表面热流辨识进行了研究。在求解反问题时用到有限体积法、牛顿-拉夫逊法并引入未来时间步长的概念。在每个时间步内,将待辨识热流视为非线性方程组的未知量,通过一个迭代过程进行求解。从文中的例子可以看出,真实热流和辨识热流结果相近,从而证明了本方法在辨识二维非线性热传导反问题时是准确、稳定、有效的。     

双经纬仪异面交会目标点的空间位置估计

针对双经纬仪异面交会中目标点并不一定正好在公垂线上的问题,提出了在公垂线附近的空间区域上估计目标点位置的方法。该空间区域为以公垂线为对角线,各边分别平行于双经纬仪测量坐标系三轴的长方体空间区域。在目标点位置估计时考虑到经纬仪高低角与水平角测角精度的不同,以及目标点与经纬仪之间距离对空间点坐标精度的影响。采用蒙特卡洛方法模拟结果表明:新方法的目标点空间位置估计精度不亚于传统公垂线法,在特定情况下甚至能提高5%以上。模拟结果验证了新方法的可行性和有效性。     

红外焦平面阵列非均匀校正技术研究

红外焦平面阵列探测器广泛应用于红外成像制导系统。但焦平面阵列的非均匀性校正技术与探测器的性能息息相关 ,因此必须进行非均匀性校正。在众多非均匀校正方法中 ,两点法和时间高通自适应方法是两种最典型的方法。文中对这两种方法分别进行了分析 ,并对一般的时间高通自适应非均匀校正法提出了改进 ,以达到更好的校正效果     

Appointment scheduling at a multidisciplinary outpatient clinic using stochastic programming

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the problem of constructing an appointment template for scheduling patients at a specific type of multidisciplinary outpatient clinic called an integrated practice unit (IPU). The focus is on developing and solving a stochastic optimization model for a back pain IPU in the face of random arrivals, an uncertain patient mix, and variable service times. The deterministic version of the problem is modeled as a mixed integer program with the objective of minimizing a weighted combination of clinic closing time (duration) and total patient waiting time (length of stay). A two‐stage stochastic program is then derived to account for the randomness and the sequential nature of the decisions. Although it was not possible to solve the two‐stage problem for even a limited number of scenarios, the wait‐and‐see (WS) problem was sufficiently tractable to provide a lower bound on the stochastic solution. The introduction of valid inequalities, limiting indices, and the use of special ordered sets helped to speed up the computations. A greedy heuristic was also developed to obtain solutions much more quickly. Out of practical considerations, it was necessary to develop appointment templates with time slots at fixed intervals, which are not available from the WS solution. The first to be derived was the expected value (EV) template that is used to find the expected value of the EV solution (EEV). This solution provides an upper bound on the objective function value of the two‐stage stochastic program. The average gap between the EEV and WS solutions was 18%. Results from extensive computational testing are presented for the EV template and for our adaptation of three other templates found in the literature. Depending on the relative importance of the two objective function metrics, the results demonstrate the trade‐off that exists between them. For the templates investigated, the “closing time” ranged from an average of 235 to 275 minutes for a 300‐minute session, while the corresponding “total patient time in clinic” ranged from 80 to 71 minutes.     

A chessboard model of the U‐boat war in the Atlantic with applications to signals intelligence

This paper uses a simple Monte Carlo model to analyze the influence of signals intelligence on the Second World War's Battle of the Atlantic. The principle measure of effectiveness is the number of U‐boat days of attack to which convoys were subjected. A secondary measure is the number of convoyed ships sunk. The model is validated against historical data and then used to explore the effectiveness of the two sides' signals intelligence. Allied use of signals intelligence is shown to have been capable of completely offsetting German use of signals intelligence, and then some. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005     

基于Gauss伪谱法的空空导弹最优中制导律设计

研究Gauss伪谱法在空空导弹最优中制导律设计中的应用。建立空空导弹中制导律设计问题最优控制模型,首次提出采用Gauss伪谱法求解最优中制导律设计问题的思路,详细阐述了求解流程,通过仿真算例验证了求解方法的有效性,并同比例导引、打靶法等传统方法进行了对比。仿真结果表明,综合考虑性能指标、计算精度、计算效率等因素,Gauss伪谱法具有明显优势,Gauss伪谱法求解结果和求解效率与配点个数密切相关。研究结果为空空导弹中制导律设计提供理论参考。