Value management of diagnostic equipment with cancelation,no‐show,and emergency patients

Magnetic resonance imaging and other multifunctional diagnostic facilities, which are considered as scarce resources of hospitals, typically provide services to patients with different medical needs. This article examines the admission policies during the appointment management of such facilities. We consider two categories of patients: regular patients who are scheduled in advance through an appointment system and emergency patients with randomly generated demands during the workday that must be served as soon as possible. According to the actual medical needs of patients, regular patients are segmented into multiple classes with different cancelation rates, no‐show probabilities, unit value contributions, and average service times. Management makes admission decisions on whether or not to accept a service request from a regular patient during the booking horizon to improve the overall value that could be generated during the workday. The decisions should be made by considering the cancelation and no‐show behavior of booked patients as well as the emergency patients that would have to be served because any overtime service would lead to higher costs. We studied the optimal admission decision using a continuous‐time discrete‐state dynamic programming model. Identifying an optimal policy for this discrete model is analytically intractable and numerically inefficient because the state is multidimensional and infinite. We propose to study a deterministic counterpart of the problem (i.e., the fluid control problem) and to develop a time‐based fluid policy that is shown to be asymptotically optimal for large‐scale problems. Furthermore, we propose to adopt a mixed fluid policy that is developed based on the information obtained from the fluid control problem. Numerical experiments demonstrate that this improved policy works effectively for small‐scale problems. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 287–304, 2016     

载机扰动下SAR/GMTI旋转目标微多普勒特性分析

目标微动部件激励的雷达微多普勒信号稳定而独特,反映了该目标的本质特征。针对采用相位中心偏置技术(DPCA)的SAR/GMTI系统,研究存在载机扰动下的旋转目标的微多普勒特性。构建飞行平台与微动目标的几何模型,推导旋转目标的微多普勒信号模型,分析典型的载机纵向扰动对微多普勒时频特性构成的影响;并通过仿真实验,验证了上述理论分析的正确性。     

基于察打任务的无人机作战效能评估

首先根据时敏目标打击的特点,分析了察打任务模式下的察打一体无人机的作战使用。然后对评估体系中察打一体无人机的侦察能力与打击能力相关性进行了分析,同时将任务可执行度作为无人机效能评估的一项动态权衡标准,建立了基于察打任务的无人机效能评估模型,并基于效能指标体系建立了各分项模型。最后通过算例验证了模型的可行性。     

基于DDS的虚拟信号发生器LabVIEW程序设计

针对传统信号发生器存在的成本高、功能单一、电子线路复杂等缺点,设计了一种基于频率合成技术的虚拟任意信号发生器。通过动态链接库(DLL)与下位机设备DDS-3X25进行通信,基于"模块化"和事件结构的设计思想,用LabVIEW编程实现了基本波形、任意波形、噪声叠加、波形数据载入、波形数据量化转换和线性插值等程序模块。实验结果表明,该设计不仅能产生纯净和叠加噪声的正弦波、方波、三角波和锯齿波等基本波形,而且可以输出手绘的任意波形,验证了设计的有效性。     

A partial characterization of the optimal ordering/rationing policy for a periodic review system with two demand classes and backordering

We consider a finite horizon periodic review, single product inventory system with a fixed setup cost and two stochastic demand classes that differ in their backordering costs. In each period, one must decide whether and how much to order, and how much demand of the lower class should be satisfied. We show that the optimal ordering policy can be characterized as a state dependent (s,S) policy, and the rationing structure is partially obtained based on the subconvexity of the cost function. We then propose a simple heuristic rationing policy, which is easy to implement and close to optimal for intensive numerical examples. We further study the case when the first demand class is deterministic and must be satisfied immediately. We show the optimality of the state dependent (s,S) ordering policy, and obtain additional rationing structural properties. Based on these properties, the optimal ordering and rationing policy for any state can be generated by finding the optimal policy of only a finite set of states, and for each state in this set, the optimal policy is obtained simply by choosing a policy from at most two alternatives. An efficient algorithm is then proposed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

基于改进遗传算法的平流层飞艇定点悬停控制(英文)

平流层飞艇定点悬停控制是飞艇应用领域的关键技术。该控制问题可以转化为非线性多目标优化问题来求解。遗传算法是解决现代非线性多目标优化问题的一种重要方法。但是基本遗传算法在解决定点悬停飞艇实际控制问题时,具有易陷入局部最优解、在遗传进化过程中随机性较强、搜索效率低下及耗时多等缺陷。通过借鉴并行遗传算法、模拟退火算法和向量评价遗传算法的基本思想,在基本遗传操作中添加切断算子和拼接算子,设计一种改进遗传算法来改善上述缺陷。仿真结果表明该方法是有效可行的。     

Minimizing weighted earliness and tardiness penalties in single‐machine scheduling with idle time permitted

In this paper, a single‐machine scheduling problem with weighted earliness and tardiness penalties is considered. Idle time between two adjacent jobs is permitted and due dates of jobs could be unequal. The dominance rules are utilized to develop a relationship matrix, which allows a branch‐and‐bound algorithm to eliminate a high percentage of infeasible solutions. After combining this matrix with a branching strategy, a procedure to solve the problem is proposed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 760–780, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10039     

具有适应能力的微小系统——芯片级系统工程学研究领域的一场革命

当前，在电子工程技术类刊物上，经常会看到有关集成式微小系统及其技术发展现状方面的研究报道。本文立足于此技术发展的前沿，集中论述了当今世界高新技术领头雁美国的一些最新的设计范例，其设计思想和技术发展概念远远超出了当前所有基于静态元件的先进系统。文章首先提出了具有适应能力的微小系统概念，概述了实现这种片上系统所面临的技术难题和适用途径；讨论了美国国防高级研究计划局（DARPA）在推动这种未来元件和未来系统的研究中所起的作用；介绍了DARPA为促进这种系统的研究和生产所做的努力，并着重讨论了DARPA下属的微小系统技术办公室（MTO）目前正在实施的多个研究项目，其中包括新颖的电路体系结构（3DIC）、具有适应能力的成像与感觉判断装置（AFPA，VISA，MONTAGE，A—to—I），以及可重组的RF／微波装置（SMART、TFAST和IRFFE）等。     

无人机地面控制系统操作员控制台设计与仿真

设计的无人作战飞机地面控制系统操作员控制台是为进行未来无人机编队作战需求,通过仿真手段进行验证的某大型无人机作战演示系统的一个子系统,采用了二维、三维图形显示技术、TCP/IP网络技术、数据库技术,完成了实时无人机状态监控平台、无人机多机任务监控平台、无人机信息监控平台、三维虚拟环境仿真平台、网络数据传输与管理、飞行数据处理、无人机平台等模块的编制工作.从软件工程的角度分别对各个开发阶段的工作及其功能实现做了具体的阐述.最后,对本系统进行了仿真测试,获得了较好的效果,为实际应用提供了有力依据.     

准陶瓷Cf/SiC复合材料的制备

采用热重-差热(TG-DTA)、红外(IR)等分析测试手段,研究了聚碳硅烷(PCS)的裂解及化学转化过程,从理论上验证了先驱体聚碳硅烷(PCS)600℃裂解产物的准陶瓷特性.先驱体聚碳硅烷在600℃呈现一种半有机、半无机状态,其产物具有准陶瓷的特征,在大约750℃出现无机化转变高峰,固称其为准陶瓷.以碳布、准三维编织体、三维编织体为增强体,采用先驱体浸渍裂解(PIP)工艺在600℃制备了碳纤维增强碳化硅(Cf/SiC)准陶瓷基复合材料.结果表明,以三维编织体增强的准陶瓷Cf/SiC复合材料获得了较理想的结构、性能,所制备3D-Cf/SiC复合材料密度仅有1.27g/cm3,弯曲强度达到193.69MPa,室温拉伸强度为197.69MPa,600℃拉伸强度为167.33MPa.复合材料断口形貌分析表明,在低温600℃制备的准陶瓷Cf/SiC复合材料呈现明显的韧性断裂特征.