A note on defence spending in turkey: New findings

The relationship between defence spending and economic growth has been examined extensively in recent years using the Feder (1983) model. These studies suffer from poor statistical results. In this paper, the earlier findings of Sezgin (1997), which used the Feder model are re‐estimated. Firstly, the stationarity of variables is tested. Due to the non‐stationarity of some variables, regressions are performed using first differences of variables. Secondly, lags are introduced into the Feder model. The statistical results are highly improved. Not only is a strong positive association between defence spending and economic growth found for Turkey, but also human capital is positively correlated to Turkish economic growth with a lag.     

Alternative models of Greek defence expenditures

This paper models and estimates Greek defence spending over the 1950–1989 period. It employs the Stone‐Geary welfare function and estimates levels of defence expenditures by the Engle‐Granger two‐step procedure. The Dickey‐Fuller test regression for cointegration is specified in terms of the significance of additional augmentations. The Deaton‐Muellbauer functional form is then employed and an estimating equation for the expenditure share of defence is derived. This specification is compared with the levels equation through a number of non‐nested tests involving model transformation.     

基于改进March SS算法的存储器测试技术研究

摘要：针对存储器的特点,介绍了存储器简化的功能故障模型．基于一种既可以测试静态简化故障又可以测试动态简化故障的MarchSS算法,提出了一种改进的存储器测试算法MarchSSI算法．该算法不仅能测出MarchSS算法测试的所有功能故障,而且能够覆盖MarchSS算法遗漏的故障,使算法故障覆盖率有了一定的提高．通过仿真,验证了算法的可行性．     

武汉长江隧道疏散方式选择与观测分析

阐述了隧道疏散的各种方式,说明了武汉长江隧道采用下沉式滑道的纵向疏散方式的原因,对武汉长江隧道疏散系统进行了详细演习测试,并对当前拥挤状态下的通车条件进行了分析,认为只要保持交通通畅,加强管理,隧道下沉式纵向疏散系统可以满足通行客车时的人员疏散安全。     

语言测试的反拨效应与英语测试改革的几点建议

目前,我国英语测试种类繁多,并对教学产生了一些负面影响,致使英语教学存在着一定的应试倾向,而语言测试的正反拨效应,即以测试促进教学的作用却没有得到充分体现。如何使测试对教学起到促进作用,解决此问题的关键就是修改英语测试的题型,使题型多样化,尽量采用能考查学生语言应用水平的题型,并增设英语口语水平测试。通过语言测试的正反拨效应促进英语教学,提高英语教学质量。     

隧道扩建合理开挖步序的研究

目前隧道的扩建施工技术仍然是借鉴新修隧道的施工方法,没有专门针对隧道扩建的施工方法,因此,需要积极探索适用于隧道扩建的新施工方法.以重庆市机场路拓宽改造工程的渝州隧道扩建为依托,从合理拱轴线的角度出发,确定隧道扩建的合理断面形式,再根据不同的拱跨和拱高来确定隧道扩挖合理施工步序,证明是一种可行的办法.它适用于类似重庆地...     

FE modeling of concrete beams and columns reinforced with FRP composites

Compression and flexure members such as columns and beams are critical in a structure as its failure could lead to the collapse of the structure. In the present work, numerical analysis of square and circle short columns, and reinforced concrete (RC) beams reinforced withfiber reinforced polymer composites are carried out. This work is divided into two parts. In thefirst part, numerical study of axial behavior of square and circular concrete columns reinforced with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) and Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP)bars and spiral, and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) wraps is conducted. The results of the first part showed that the axial capacity of the circular RC columns rein-forced with GFRP increases with the increase of the longitudinal reinforcement ratio. In addition, the results of the numerical analysis showed good correlation with the experimental ones. An interaction diagram for BFRP RC columns is also developed with considering various eccentricities. The results of numerical modeling of RC columns strengthened with CFRP wraps revealed that the number and the spacing between the CFRP wraps provide different levels of ductility enhancement to the column. For the cases considered in this study, column with two middle closely spaced CFRP wraps demonstrated the best performance. In the second part of this research,flexural behavior of RC beams reinforced with BFRP, GFRP and CFRP bars is investigated along with validation of the numerical model with the experimental tests. The results resembled the experimental observations that indicate significant effect of the FRP bar diameter and type ont he flexural capacity of the RC beams. It was also shown that Increasing the number of bars while keeping the same reinforcement ratio enhanced the stiffness of the RC beam.     

超声速地空导弹热环境风洞模拟研究

根据国内风洞的情况,比较了超声速地空导弹的飞行条件与风洞模拟能力的差距,分析了热环境风洞实验中应采用的相似准则,以及实验数据的处理方法。     

超声速静风洞设计和流场校侧

论述了静风洞概念并设计和建立了一座小型静风洞SQWT-120。SQWT-120的设计马赫数为4.0,喷管出口直径为120mm,Re=0.46~1.78×107,运行时间为6~60s。测量结果表明,喷管出口马赫数为3.8,在x从160~438mm一段轴向距离内,ΔM/-M≯±1.2%。在P0=0.4MPa,喷管出口6cm处,静压脉动值不超出0.1%,风洞工作时间15s,具备静风洞试验能力。     

Effect of operating temperature on aged single lap bonded joints

In recent decades, designers have increasingly focused on the stability of assemblies in composite materials over time, particularly when used in structural applications. The use of structural adhesives allows for realising assemblies without mechanical fasteners. In fact, bonding is an assembly technique that prevent corrosion, ensures uniform stresses in the joint, and grows the specific resistance of the assembly. The knowledge of the behaviour of bonded joint is necessary to ensure the reliability of this technique over time, especially in aggressive environments. The aim of this work consists in investigating the combined effect of hydrothermal ageing and temperature test on the lap shear strength of single lap joints realised in CFRP. The results showed a higher influence of the ageing on paste adhesive compared to film adhesive. However, the ageing, combined with the operating temperature, played a fundamental role on the shear strength of the bonded joints.