色噪声环境下MIMO雷达相干目标角度估计算法

针对色噪声环境下的MIMO雷达相干目标角度估计问题,提出一种基于目标信息矢量重构的角度估计算法.算法对MIMO雷达的接收数据进行了低复杂度改进,通过计算四阶累积量,得到一组矢量并证明该矢量包含所有目标的角度信息,通过重构Toeplitz矩阵,结合MUSIC算法实现了色噪声环境下MIMO雷达相干目标的角度估计.算法保留了MIMO雷达的阵元扩展能力和目标分辨力,具有自动抑制加性高斯白噪声和色噪声的能力,实现了相干目标的有效估计,更利于在实际中应用.最后计算机仿真结果证实了算法的有效性和可行性.     

Analysis of parameter estimation using the sampling-type algorithm of discrete fractional Fourier transform

Parameter estimation is analyzed using two kinds of common sampling-type DFRFT (discrete fractional Fourier transform) algorithm. A model of parameter estimation is established. The factors which influence estimation accuracy are analyzed. And the simulation is made to verify the conclusions. From the theoretic analysis and simulation verification, it can be drawn that, for the estimation of chirp-rate and initial frequency, Pei's method [10] is more suitable if the absolute value of chirp-rate is small relatively; Ozaktas' method [9] is more suitable if the absolute value of chirp-rate is large relatively; and the two methods are both workable if the absolute value of chirp-rate is moderate. The scope of moderate chirp-rate can be approximately determined as [40 Hz/s, 110 Hz/s].     

给定降质约束下一类DCT域图像水印算法的拉伸系数估计

数字水印是数字作品版权保护的重要技术手段。与噪声污染类似,数字水印的嵌入必然会损失原作品的质量。数字图像的质量直接关系其商业价值,在给定降质约束下自适应地调节嵌入深度是符合产业化标准的数字水印关键技术之一。根据DCT交流系数的拉普拉斯分布模型,推导了DCT域典型水印算法中拉伸系数与信噪比和峰值信噪比之间的理论关系。依据该理论关系,得到了在给定降质约束下一类典型图像水印算法的拉伸系数估计方法,实验结果表明该估计方法具有较高的精度。     

The logistic–exponential survival distribution

For various parameter combinations, the logistic–exponential survival distribution belongs to four common classes of survival distributions: increasing failure rate, decreasing failure rate, bathtub‐shaped failure rate, and upside‐down bathtub‐shaped failure rate. Graphical comparison of this new distribution with other common survival distributions is seen in a plot of the skewness versus the coefficient of variation. The distribution can be used as a survival model or as a device to determine the distribution class from which a particular data set is drawn. As the three‐parameter version is less mathematically tractable, our major results concern the two‐parameter version. Boundaries for the maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters are derived in this article. Also, a fixed‐point method to find the maximum likelihood estimators for complete and censored data sets has been developed. The two‐parameter and the three‐parameter versions of the logistic–exponential distribution are applied to two real‐life data sets. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

What you should know about simulation and derivatives

Derivatives (or gradients) are important for both sensitivity analysis and optimization, and in simulation models, these can often be estimated efficiently using various methods other than brute‐force finite differences. This article briefly summarizes the main approaches and discusses areas in which the approaches can most fruitfully be applied: queueing, inventory, and finance. In finance, the focus is on derivatives of another sort. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

基于频谱分析的飞行模拟器飞行性能验证

介绍频谱分析用于仿真系统模型验证的原理和方法,提出一种应用频谱分析进行飞行模拟器飞行性能验证的方案。结合飞行试验和仿真模型的输出数据,分别采用窗谱估计和最大熵谱估计方法对某型飞行模拟器的飞行性能进行验证,并对验证结果进行分析。结果表明,频谱分析法用于飞行模拟器飞行性能的验证是有效的,可为其他训练模拟器的性能验证提供参考。     

基于模糊自适应变维Kalman滤波器的跟踪算法(英文)

针对不同阶数的Kalman滤波器具有不同的跟踪能力与跟踪效率之间存在的矛盾,设计了一种模糊自适应变维跟踪算法(FAVD)。该算法使用两级滤波器,根据目标机动性的变化,适当地调整滤波器的阶数,使跟踪结果快速收敛,很好地解决了矛盾。同时通过模糊推理机制,在线调节高阶滤波器的参数,使适用范围大大增强,提高自适应能力,从而使该算法可以采用较少的模型覆盖较多的目标运动模式,达到很好的跟踪滤波效果,计算量也会大大减小。通过对计算机仿真结果分析表明,提出的算法具有可靠、计算简便、快速等特点,模型滤波精度较高,并可实现实时跟踪预测,具有一定的理论价值和实用价值。     

特征信号检测法

本文以信号极点的不变性为基础,构造了一种用于可自设计的主动式系统在强噪声背景下的极微弱信号检测的检测器——特征信号检测器。文章在分析经典检测方法对极弱信号检测存在的问题的基础上,提出了特征信号检测的思想。讨论了该方法的基本原理及仿真实验结果。Monte carlo实验表明,这种特征信号检测器的性能对信噪比不敏感,可以在极低信噪比下检测出微弱信号。     

弱机动目标的参数估计

本文探讨了卡尔曼滤波用于估计弱机动目标状态参数问题。在极坐标系下建立目标机动的相关加速度模型,通过对运动目标斜距二阶变化率和方位角加速度的定量分析,建立了自适应估计目标动态模型噪声强度的弱机动目标参数估计算法。对几种典型航路的模拟证实了在选择适当参数时该算法对目标机动,不同类型的机动间的转换,不仅能较好地压制随机量测噪声,而且能满意地估计目标的速度和航向。     

速率陀螺解相遇与敌我态势的关系

根据敌我相对运动的原理,导出速率陀螺测量出的目标俯仰角速度Ω_s、测向角速度Ω_L 和探测器测出的距变率与敌我姿势要素间的关系,提出了距变率在极短时间内保持不变的条件;并利用Ω_s、Ω_L 和有关数据(qw,ε、D、■、V_w、K_w)推导出在不满足“快解”条件时计算目标运动要素和弹丸发射诸元的计算公式。