机体/推进一体化飞行器动导数频域计算方法

运用Etkin非定常气动力模型,将谐波平衡法应用于复杂外形动导数辨识。计算结果表明:谐波平衡法和时域方法的动导数辨识结果一致,与实验值吻合,验证了程序的正确性和谐波平衡法的可靠性。采用谐波平衡法对类X-51高超声速机体/推进一体化飞行器WR-A进行动导数辨识,并与时域方法的计算结果比较,考察了该方法在复杂外形下数值模拟非定常流动和动导数辨识的能力。实验结果表明:对于WR-A这种复杂外形飞行器,谐波平衡法也能在保证精度的同时具有较高的计算效率。     

A duality‐based relaxation and decomposition approach for inventory distribution systems

We propose a new method for making the inventory replenishment decisions in distribution systems. In particular, we consider distribution systems consisting of multiple retailers that face random demand and a warehouse that supplies the retailers. The method that we propose is based on formulating the distribution problem as a dynamic program, and relaxing the constraints that ensure the nonnegativity of the shipments to the retailers, by associating Lagrange multipliers with them. We show that our method provides lower bounds on the value functions, and a good set of values for the Lagrange multipliers can be obtained by maximizing a concave function in a relatively straightforward manner. Computational experiments indicate that our method can provide significant improvements over the traditional approaches for making the inventory replenishment decisions, in terms of both the tightness of the lower bounds on the value functions and the performance of the policies. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

An optimal critical level policy for inventory systems with two demand classes

Traditional inventory systems treat all demands of a given item equally. This approach is optimal if the penalty costs of all customers are the same, but it is not optimal if the penalty costs are different for different customer classes. Then, demands of customers with high penalty costs must be filled before demands of customers with low penalty costs. A commonly used inventory policy for dealing with demands with different penalty costs is the critical level inventory policy. Under this policy demands with low penalty costs are filled as long as inventory is above a certain critical level. If the inventory reaches the critical level, only demands with high penalty costs are filled and demands with low penalty costs are backordered. In this article, we consider a critical level policy for a periodic review inventory system with two demand classes. Because traditional approaches cannot be used to find the optimal parameters of the policy, we use a multidimensional Markov chain to model the inventory system. We use a sample path approach to prove several properties of this inventory system. Although the cost function is not convex, we can build on these properties to develop an optimization approach that finds the optimal solution. We also present some numerical results. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

飞行器六自由度仿真方法

为了使飞行器的轨道仿真结果更加真实可靠 ,必须构造基于实际环境的六自由度仿真框架。文中给出了仿真中各种周期的关系 ,并对右函数计算中的各种变量关系进行了描述 ,最后还介绍了两种常用的仿真实验设计方法及对应的结果处理方法。文章中的仿真方法在导弹、火箭、飞船轨道的设计中具有一定的参考价值。     

Real-time calculation of fragment velocity for cylindrical warheads

To simulate explosion fragments, it is necessary to predict many variables such as fragment velocity, size distribution and projection angle. For active protection systems these predictions need to be made very quickly, before the weapon hits the target. Fast predictions also need to be made in real time simulations when the impact of many different computer models need to be assessed. The research presented in this paper focuses on creating a fast and accurate estimate of one of these variables - the initial fragment velocity. The Gurney equation was the first equation to calculate initial fragment velocity. This equation, sometimes with modifications, is still used today where finite element analysis or complex mathematical approaches are considered too computationally expensive. This paper enhances and improves Breech’s two-dimensional Gurney equation using available empirical data and the principals of conservation of momentum and energy. The results are computationally quick, providing improved accuracy for estimating initial fragment velocity. This will allow the developed model to be available for real-time simulation and fast computation, with improved accuracy when compared to existing approaches.     

心理战中信息二次传播效果仿真研究

对心理战中宣传信息在敌军士兵中二次传播的问题进行研究,对单个士兵进行仿真建模,使用蒙特卡洛法模拟计算其状态及行为。从统计的角度,研究士兵集合在整体上呈现出的规律状态,对结果进行分析。实验结果证明该方法可以有效地对信息二次传播问题进行模拟仿真,仿真结果具有一定的真实性和可信度,可从中得出一些对部队心理战建设具有一定指导意义的结论。     

基于OLAP技术的武警财务辅助决策系统构建探索

武警财务辅助决策系统是武警部队财务信息化建设的重要内容，在优化财务决策中发挥着不可估量的作用。OLAP技术具有为数据使用对象提供多维度视角和分析的特征，为财务辅助决策系统提供了重要的技术保障。通过对武警财务辅助决策系统的功能分析，提出运用OLAP技术构建武警部队财务决策系统的初步构想。     

面向对象的仿真方法综述

面向对象仿真方法是当前仿真技术发展的一个重要方面。它是一种框架化、层次化和模块化的建模方法，有利于提高模型的封装性、灵活性、重用性、可扩展性和可维护性，在各个领域得到了广泛的应用。本文介绍基于ＯＯＤＢ的ＯＯＳ、基于ＤＥＶＳ的ＯＯＳ和基于Ａｃｔｏｒ的ＯＯＳ等三个主要流派的主要思想和建模仿真方法     

基于体系对抗仿真的装甲装备体系效能评估

针对体系效能评估中仿真结果数据的转化和聚合问题,提出采用效用函数方法加以解决。首先构建了装甲装备体系作战效能的层次化指标体系,在此基础上,引入效用函数对仿真数据进行转化,然后通过加权求和得到体系的整体作战效能和作战能力。最后,通过装甲装备体系对抗仿真和效能评估实例,说明了该方法用于解决体系效能评估问题的可行性和有效性。     

Discrete stochastic optimization using variants of the stochastic ruler method

We present two random search methods for solving discrete stochastic optimization problems. Both of these methods are variants of the stochastic ruler algorithm. They differ from our earlier modification of the stochastic ruler algorithm in that they use different approaches for estimating the optimal solution. Our new methods are guaranteed to converge almost surely to the set of global optimal solutions under mild conditions. We discuss under what conditions these new methods are expected to converge faster than the modified stochastic ruler algorithm. We also discuss how these methods can be used for solving discrete optimization problems when the values of the objective function are estimated using either transient or steady‐state simulation. Finally, we present numerical results that compare the performance of our new methods with that of the modified stochastic ruler algorithm when applied to solve buffer allocation problems. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

A novel modeling approach for express package carrier planning

Express package carrier networks have large numbers of heavily‐interconnected and tightly‐constrained resources, making the planning process difficult. A decision made in one area of the network can impact virtually any other area as well. Mathematical programming therefore seems like a logical approach to solving such problems, taking into account all of these interactions. The tight time windows and nonlinear cost functions of these systems, however, often make traditional approaches such as multicommodity flow formulations intractable. This is due to both the large number of constraints and the weakness of the linear programming (LP) relaxations arising in these formulations. To overcome these obstacles, we propose a model in which variables represent combinations of loads and their corresponding routings, rather than assigning individual loads to individual arcs in the network. In doing so, we incorporate much of the problem complexity implicitly within the variable definition, rather than explicitly within the constraints. This approach enables us to linearize the cost structure, strengthen the LP relaxation of the formulation, and drastically reduce the number of constraints. In addition, it greatly facilitates the inclusion of other stages of the (typically decomposed) planning process. We show how the use of templates, in place of traditional delayed column generation, allows us to identify promising candidate variables, ensuring high‐quality solutions in reasonable run times while also enabling the inclusion of additional operational considerations that would be difficult if not impossible to capture in a traditional approach. Computational results are presented using data from a major international package carrier. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

火箭弹道学发动机推力模拟方法

发动机工作性能对火箭飞行性能的严重影响已引起众多研究人员的重视,尤其是火箭发动机推力总冲及其工作时间等重要参数.这里提出了一种在静态测定推力时间历程、总冲的基础上,通过实际飞行测试结果确定其扰动量来最终模拟推力时间历程的仿真方法.该方法简洁方便,易于编制程序及模拟仿真,便于工程人员掌握,可用于火箭发射动力学、外弹道学及射表编制等方面研究,具有一定应用价值.     

农村公共财政政策下的消防工作研究

介绍了农村消防工作与农村公共财政政策的内在联系，分析了农村公共财政政策和农村消防基础设施建设存在问题。就改革农村公共财政政策，加强农村消防基础设施建设进行了探讨。     

Optimal sensor placement for underwater threat detection

The optimization framework for optimal sensor placement for underwater threat detection has been developed. It considers single‐period and multiperiod detection models, each of which includes two components: detection algorithm and optimization problem for sensor placement. The detection algorithms for single‐period and multiperiod models are based on likelihood ratio and sequential testing, respectively. For the both models, the optimization problems use the principle of superadditive coverage, which is closely related to energy‐based and information‐based approaches. An algorithm for quasi‐regular sensor placement approximating solutions to the optimization problems has been developed based on corresponding continuous relaxations and a criterion for its applicability has been obtained. Numerical experiments have demonstrated that the algorithm consistently outperforms existing optimization techniques for optimal sensor placement.© 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

开放式基金与金融市场的发展

投资基金是金融创新中最具代表性、最具革命性的金融工具和新的金融机构,它具有组合投资、分散风险、专家理财、净值交易、规模经营等众多的优点.通过对证券市场的繁荣、金融机构的优化、内部制衡机制的建立,将有效的促进金融市场的发展.     

火炮装药温度分布的数值模拟

针对火炮弹药的特点,建立了弹药的二维轴对称模型,并在圆柱坐标系下,用控制容积积分法导出一组差分离散格式。采用收敛速度快的块迭代法解代数方程组。实验数据表明数值计算的结果和实测值基本一致,经进一步研究可以用于火炮装药的温度测量。     

球锥体高超声速绕流的俯仰阻尼导数的数值计算

采用Navier Stokes方程描述球锥体外形非定常振动流场 ,在Etkin理论下给出俯仰阻尼导数的计算公式。对定常流场的计算采用ADI形式的NND格式 ,对非定常流场的计算采用四步Runge Kutta方法 ,并引入变系数残值光顺技术加速收敛。将俯仰阻尼导数计算结果与实验及工程计算进行了比较 ,并数值研究了其随振动中心的变化规律。     

金融危机与金融数学

本文从东南亚金融危机出发,介绍了金融工程与金融数学的基本内容,特别介绍了获得１９９７年诺贝尔经济学奖的Ｂｌａｃｋ－Ｓｃｈｏｌｅｓ工作,提出对开展金融数学研究的见解。     

重构X射线脉冲星信号的纯数值模拟新算法

基于X射线脉冲星的导航技术,无论技术研究还是实验验证,都是以X射线脉冲星信号为基础。但是实际的观测数据无法确定其精确值,不便于进行导航算法的分析验证。因此,通过模拟算法重构X射线脉冲星信号十分必要。基于泊松分布建立X射线脉冲星信号模型,介绍脉冲轮廓的构建方法;介绍了两种纯数值的脉冲星信号模拟算法。针对这两种算法因近似导致信号模拟不精确的问题,提出一种基于精确光子流量函数的纯数值X射线脉冲星信号的模拟算法,该算法采用分段线性函数拟合的脉冲轮廓函数,基于分布函数及其反函数导出。模拟算法重构PSR B0531+21脉冲星的信号,并利用χ2拟合优度检验验证模拟算法生成的光子到达时间服从泊松分布。将提出的算法与两种已有的算法进行比较,仿真结果表明从光子数目和脉冲轮廓误差来看,提出的算法都优于其他两种算法,更接近实际信号。由新算法重构的脉冲星信号进行历元折叠得到观测脉冲轮廓,并将其与标准脉冲轮廓比较,发现随着观测时间的增长,观测脉冲轮廓趋近于标准脉冲轮廓,验证了模拟算法是有效可行的。