Heuristic procedures for scheduling job families with setups and due dates

This paper examines heuristic solution procedures for scheduling jobs on a single machine to minimize the maximum lateness in the presence of setup times between different job families. It reviews the state of knowledge about the solution of this problem, which is known to be difficult to solve in general, and examines natural solution approaches derived from some of the underlying theory. The emphasis is on the design and computational evaluation of new heuristic procedures. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 978–991, 1999     

Determining a threshold control policy for an imperfect production system with rework jobs

Consider a threshold control policy for an imperfect production system with only a work center handling both regular and rework jobs. An imperfect production system studied here, generates defect jobs by factors other than machine failures. A threshold control or (ω, s) policy sets the guideline for a work center to switch between regular and rework jobs. A production cycle begins with loading and processing of several batches of regular jobs with a lot size equal to s. The outcome of each completed regular job is an independent Bernoulli trial with three possibilities: good, rework, or scrap. Once the work center accumulates more than a threshold ω of rework jobs, it finishes the last batch of regular jobs and switches to rework jobs. The objective of this research is to find a threshold ω and a lot size s that maximize the average long‐term profit. The ultimate goal is to construct a simple algorithm to search for ω and s that can be implemented directly in production management systems, as a result of this work. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 273–301, 1999     

共产党员先进性之我见

对党员先进性的要求,不能简单地把对政党整体的要求与对党员个体的要求划等号,不能简单地用先进英模来衡量大多数普通党员,不能简单地把理论上的要求与实际操作的行为准则划等号,也不能简单地把特殊时期的要求与平时要求混同起来。在市场经济条件下党员有自己正当的利益,党员的先进性在于把个人利益与社会利益有机地统一起来。应从人性的角度定位党员可操作的行为准则,使党员先进性要求切实可行。     

符号权力与文学语言：布尔迪厄的语言观及启示

自索绪尔开创了结构主义语言学之后,语言似乎逐渐成为了一种独立自足的符号系统。布尔迪厄认为,这种表面上的独立自主实际上是一种＂语言共产主义幻象＂,深藏于这种幻象之下的是语言的符号权力以及交换经济逻辑,认清这些逻辑对于我们认识文学语言具有重要的启示意义。     

Scheduling with centralized and decentralized batching policies in concurrent open shops

This article considers batch scheduling with centralized and decentralized decisions. The context of our study is concurrent open shop scheduling where the jobs are to be processed on a set of independent dedicated machines, which process designated operations of the jobs in batches. The batching policy across the machines can be centralized or decentralized. We study such scheduling problems with the objectives of minimizing the maximum lateness, weighted number of tardy jobs, and total weighted completion time, when the job sequence is determined in advance. We present polynomial time dynamic programming algorithms for some cases of these problems and pseudo‐polynomial time algorithms for some problems that are NP‐hard in the ordinary sense. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 58: 17–27, 2011     

Replicated batch means for steady‐state simulations

This paper studies a new steady‐state simulation output analysis method called replicated batch means in which a small number of replications are conducted and the observations in these replications are grouped into batches. This paper also introduces and compares methods for selecting the initial state of each replication. More specifically, we show that confidence intervals constructed by the replicated batch means method are valid for large batch sizes and derive expressions for the expected values and variances of the steady‐state mean and variance estimators for stationary processes and large sample sizes. We then use these expressions, analytical examples, and numerical experiments to compare the replicated batch means method with the standard batch means and multiple replications methods. The numerical results, which are obtained from an AR(1) process and a small, nearly‐decomposable Markov chain, show that the multiple replications method often gives confidence intervals with poorer coverage than the standard and replicated batch means methods and that the replicated batch means method, implemented with good choices of initialization method and number of replications, provides confidence interval coverages that range from being comparable with to being noticeably better than coverages obtained by the standard batch means method. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

对知识经济时代下培养大学生自主创新能力的思考

随着知识经济时代的到来,自主创新能力是经济和社会发展的重要支撑。作为高等学校,担负着培养自主创新能力人才的任务,但是传统的高等教育观念,制约着学生自主创新能力的形成和发展。如何更新高等教育观念,积极探索培养学生自主创新能力的新途径,是每个教育工作者需要认真研究和思考的新课题。     

The demand for military expenditure in authoritarian regimes

This paper examines whether there are systematic differences in military spending between different types of autocratic regimes. We view military expenditure as an instrument a dictator can exploit in order to stay in power. How he utilises this instrument depends on the institutional set-up of his regime. We distinguish between military regimes, single party states and personalist regimes, and predict that military regimes should have the highest, whereas personalist dictatorships should have the lowest level of military spending. Using panel data on 64 dictatorships from 1960 to 2000, we find empirical evidence that our hypotheses are not rejected.     

维修的有效性和经济性分析

本文提出了维修的有效性和经济性分析的基本方法和基本模型,定义了有效性评价的定量指标,如维修的快速率β_v、功能恢复度β_p、可靠性恢复度β_R和维修性恢复度β_M.上述指标和模型以及费用因素,均可用于优化维修方案。     

体制变革与兵团工业——改革开放二十年来兵团工业发展述评

改革开放后,特别是兵团建制恢复后的二十年来,兵团的工业经济体制进行了一系列的改革,主要改革路线是:企业整顿—放权让利—承包经营责任制—现代企业制度—资产经营责任制。通过改革,兵团工业的发展可以说取得了很大的成绩,但是也存在一些问题。总结这二十年来的发展经验,对于在今后的工作中更好地推进兵团工业经济的改革具有重要的借鉴意义。