India’s emerging space assets and nuclear-weapons capabilities

ABSTRACT

Over the last five decades, India’s nuclear and space programs have gone through several phases, from collaboration to divorce to supportive. An interplay of two factors determined the nature of the relationship. One was the state of India’s nuclear-weapon program. The second was international conditions, especially India’s relationship with the nuclear-nonproliferation regime. In the early decades, because of the rudimentary nature of India’s nuclear and space programs, the relationship was collaborative, since the rocket technology being developed was a necessary adjunct to the nuclear-weapon program. Subsequently, as India’s rocketry capabilities and nuclear-weapon program began to mature and concerns about international sanctions under the non-proliferation regime began to grow, the two programs were separated. The Indian rocketry program was also divided, with the civilian-space and ballistic-missile programs clearly demarcated. After India declared itself a nuclear-weapon state in 1998 and the programs matured, the relationship has become more supportive. As the two programs mature further, this relationship is likely to deepen, as the nuclear-weapon program requires space assets to build a robust and survivable nuclear deterrent force.     

通信设备及其网络仿真训练模型的分析

根据通信设备及其网络的特点和通信业务训练的要求 ,提出了层次化结构的仿真训练模型 ,并提供和分析了各层建模方法和编程技术。然后介绍了通信设备及其网络仿真训练系统的典型实例 ,结果表明 :该模型对于建立通信设备及其网络仿真训练系统具有易于代码开发、易于理解、易于维护管理、易于系统功能扩展的特点。     

光学镀膜宽带膜厚监控系统

针对过去的宽带膜厚监控法必须依赖镀制前设定的目标透射率 (反射率 )的固有缺陷 ,提出了在蒸镀过程中及时拟合出所镀层的膜厚、色散系数 (折射率 )等参数 ,并据此不断修正目标透射率 (反射率 )的设想 ,从而从根本上克服过去的宽带膜厚监控法的固有缺陷。建立了基于修正膜层目标光谱特性的宽带膜厚监控系统 ,阐述了它的结构和工作原理。进行了稳定性实验及一系列镀膜监控实验 ,实验结果表明 ,该系统透射率的重复测量精度优于 2‰ ,膜厚监控精度较高 ,重复性好 ,各层的终点膜厚判定精度优于 1 %。